Democratic Party (Mongolia)
Democratic Party of Mongolia Монголын Ардчилсан Нам | |
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International Democrat Union | |
Colors | Blue |
State Great Khural | 12 / 76 |
Party flag | |
Website | |
democraticparty | |
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Liberalism |
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The Democratic Party (Mongolian: Ардчилсан Нам, romanized: Ardçilsan Nam) is a centre-right political party in Mongolia.
History
Founding and early years
After the
On 1 April 2006, a party convention elected
On 30 August 2008, the National Consultative Committee of Democratic Party elected Norovyn Altankhuyag as new leader of the party.[8]
2012–2016
In the
During its first two years in power, the government introduced a number of large scale bonds, with the most significant ones being the Chinggis Bond and the Samurai Bond to fund its ambitious infrastructure projects. Later in 2021, a parliamentary investigation into the Development Bank of Mongolia found a massive mismanagement and favouritism in the loan selection process, prompting the country's anti-corruption agency to launch a full-scale investigation into Norovyn Altankhuyag's involvement in the scandal.[12]
In 2014, the parliamentary Democrats ousted Norovyn Altankhuyag from the party leadership and the premiership, partly due to his failure to reach an agreement with Rio Tinto, and appointed Chimediin Saikhanbileg in a highly controversial move.[13] In 2015, the stagnation of the Chinese economic growth severely impacted Mongolia's economic prospects and damaged the mineral prices,[14] which the country heavily relied on. The country went into an economic recession, with the country's GDP shrinking by about one per cent.
In 2015, Chimediin Saikhanbileg travelled to Dubai to finance the Oyu Tolgoi project and a struck a deal with Rio Tinto and other investors, which was colloquially named the Dubai Agreement.[15] The investment agreement was heavily scrutinised both within and outside the party: Mongolia would not profit from the project at least until 2034. Zandaakhuugiin Enkhbold, who was the Democratic Speaker of the parliament at that time, and a handful of other Democrats condemned the move.[16] In 2016, just a few weeks before his end of term, Saikhanbileg's government relinquished its exclusive right to purchase the 49% stake in the Erdenet mine, one of the most profitable projects in the country, when the Russian side decided to sell it – without any authorisation from the parliament.[17] Saikhanbileg hastily left the country when the country's anti-corruption agency started an investigation on him.[18]
2016–2020
The party suffered a severe loss in the subsequent
2021–present
After the party's loss in the 2020 parliamentary election, Sodnomzunduin Erdene handed down his leadership to Tsevegdorjiin Tuvaan, the party's deputy leader at that time.[22] Allegedly, Tuvaan was supposed to call for an internal election according to the party rules, but instead tried to introduce a highly controversial clause into the party rules which would have allowed Khaltmaagiin Battulga to be nominated from the party without any opposition.[23] In response, despite surrendering his leadership a few months earlier, Sodnomzunduin Erdene attempted to take back control of the party, arguing he was still the party's leader since Tsevegdorjiin Tuvaan did not call for a party leadership election. As such, the party was divided into pro- and anti-Battulga factions, each claiming to be the legitimate leadership of the Democratic Party. Odongiin Tsogtgerel became the pro-Battulga faction's leader while Mainbayaryn Tulga became the anti-Battulga faction's leader.[24]
In 2021, the pro-Battulga faction of the party nominated Norovyn Altankhuyag after the Constitutional Court barred Khaltmaagiin Battulga from running for a second term,[25] and the anti-Battulga faction nominated Sodnomzunduin Erdene for the presidential election. The country's electoral commission accepted Sodnomzunduin Erdene's nomination; the party suffered one of its worst defeats in the presidential politics, finishing in the third place, behind the HUN Party, and only around 500 votes more than white-ballots.[26]
The Supreme Court decided in favour of the anti-Battulga faction, recognising them as the legitimate leadership of the party in 2022.[27] In 2022, the pro-Battulga faction called for an internal election for the second time within a year; in that election, only Khaltmaagiin Battulga and Jambyn Batsuuri registered to run for the leadership.[28] Jambyn Batsuuri dropped out just before the election day,[29] and Khaltmaagiin Battulga won over 96 per cent of the vote.[30] Ganzorigiin Unurbayar, the anti-Battulga faction's secretary general, commented that 'Even the most ruthless dictators are embarrassed of winning 90 per cent of the vote in elections. They say to their sham election officials that 90 per cent is too high, make it 70 or 80.'[31]
Many of the establishment Democrats, including the parliamentary Democratic caucus leader Dashdondogiin Ganbat, ex-president
Election results
In the
In 2005 Mongolian presidential election, its candidate Mendsaikhany Enkhsaikhan won only 19.7%.
In the
2009 presidential election
At the Democratic Party's convention on 3 April 2009,
Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj won the 2009 Mongolian presidential election on 24 May 2009 with 51.21% of the votes. Defeating incumbent president Enkhbayar who got 47.41%.[36][37] Elbegdorj was sworn into office as President of Mongolia on 18 June 2009.[38]
2012 parliamentary elections
In the
2013 presidential election
Elbegdorj won the 2013 Mongolian presidential election on 26 June 2013 with 50.23% of total votes while opposition Mongolian People's Party's candidate Badmaanyambuugiin Bat-Erdene received 41.97%, and Natsagiin Udval, candidate of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party got 6.5% of total votes.[43][44]
2016 parliamentary elections
In the
2017 presidential election
The Democratic Party's candidate Khaltmaagiin Battulga narrowly won the 2017 presidential election.[47]
2020 parliamentary election
In June 2020, DP got only 11 seats of the 76 seats. Ruling MPP won a landslide victory in the
2021 presidential election
In the 2021 Mongolian presidential election, DP fell to the third place with only 6.37% of the popular vote and thus lost the presidency. The MPP secured a landslide victory with 72.02% of the popular vote. The social democratic Right Person Electorate Coalition (RPEC) finished second.
In early 2022, DP selected ex-president Khaltmaagiin Battulga as its new chairman, but due to the party's internal division his selection was challenged and Battulga's official filing with the Supreme Court was stalled.[49]
List of leaders
- Dambiin Dorligjav, 2000–2002
- Mendsaikhany Enkhsaikhan, 2002–2005
- Radnaasümbereliin Gonchigdorj, 2005–2006
- Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, 2006–2008
- Norovyn Altankhuyag, 2008–2014
- Zandaakhuugiin Enkhbold, 2014–2016
- Sodnomzundui Erdene, 2016–2023
- Luvsannyam Gantumur, 2023–present
Organisation
The party is organised on national, provincial, municipal and district levels. Currently, the party has around 30 provincial party associations and 432 grassroots organisations.
- National Convention (NC): Each provincial association sends delegates to the National Convention, which is held every 4 years.
- National Consultative Committee (NCC): No more than two times a year, NCC is organised and there are 228 members of NCC.
Affiliated organisations Democratic Party has the following affiliated groups and organisations.
- Democratic Youth Union
- Democratic Women's Union
- Democratic Elders' Union
Electoral history
Presidential elections
Election | Party candidate | Votes | % | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
2001 | Radnaasümbereliin Gonchigdorj | 365,363 | 37.2% | Lost |
2005 | Mendsaikhany Enkhsaikhan | 184,743 | 20.20% | Lost |
2009 | Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj | 562,718 | 51.21% | Elected |
2013 | 622,794 | 50.23% | Elected | |
2017 | Khaltmaagiin Battulga | 611,226 | 50.61% | Elected |
2021 | Sodnomzundui Erdene | 72,394 | 6.38% | Lost |
State Great Khural elections
Election | Party leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Government |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004
|
Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj | 474,977 | 44.74% | 34 / 76
|
32 | 2nd | Governing coalition |
2008
|
701,641 | 40.43% | 28 / 76
|
6 | 2nd | Governing coalition | |
2012
|
Norovyn Altankhuyag | 399,194 | 35.32% | 34 / 76
|
6 | 1st | Governing coalition |
2016
|
Zandaakhüügiin Enkhbold | 467,341 | 33.55% | 9 / 76
|
25 | 2nd | Opposition |
2020
|
Sodnomzundui Erdene | 978,890 | 24.5% | 11 / 76
|
2 | 2nd | Opposition |
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