Social Democrats (Denmark)
Social Democrats Socialdemokratiet | |
---|---|
Abbreviation | S A[a] |
Chairperson | Mette Frederiksen |
Deputy chairs | Lennart Damsbo-Andersen Christian Rabjerg Madsen |
Founded | 15 October 1871 |
Headquarters | Vester Voldgade 96 1552, Copenhagen |
Newspaper | Socialdemokraten |
Student wing | Frit Forum – Social Democratic Students of Denmark |
Youth wing | Social Democratic Youth of Denmark |
Membership (2020) | 32,137[1] |
Ideology | Social democracy[2] |
Political position | Centre-left[3] |
European affiliation | Party of European Socialists |
International affiliation | Progressive Alliance |
European Parliament group | Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats |
Nordic affiliation | SAMAK The Social Democratic Group |
Colours | Red |
Anthem | "Når jeg ser et rødt flag smælde"[4] ("When I See a Red Flag Billow") |
Folketing | 50 / 179[b] |
European Parliament | 3 / 14 |
Regions[5] | 64 / 205 |
Municipalities[6] | 756 / 2,436 |
Mayors | 44 / 98 |
Election symbol | |
Website | |
socialdemokratiet | |
Part of a series on |
Social democracy |
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The Social Democrats (Danish: Socialdemokratiet, pronounced [soˈɕɛˀlte̝moˌkʰʁɑˀtɪət]) is a social democratic political party in Denmark.[2][7] A member of the Party of European Socialists (PES), the Social Democrats have 50 out of 179 members of the Danish parliament (following the latest Danish general election held in 2022), Folketing, and three out of fourteen MEPs elected from Denmark.
Founded by
The party was the
Overview
The party traces its own history back to the International Labour Association, founded in 1871 and banned in 1873, loosely re-organised in the Social Democratic Labour Party which in 1876 issued the Gimle program, but as a formal political party it was first founded from 11–12 February 1878 as the Social Democratic Federation. This name was formally carried by the party for almost a hundred years, although in practice it also used a number of other names until it changed its name to Social Democracy in 1965. At a congress in Aalborg in 2002, the party changed its name to the Social Democrats, but from 2016 again only Social Democracy is used.[8][9]
The party has the letter A as a symbol, but the abbreviation S is often used in the media. The party's classic symbol is a
The party was a member of the Labour and Socialist International between 1923 and 1940.[14] It is now a member of the Progressive Alliance, an association of progressive social-democratic parties.[15] The Social Democrats are also a member of the Party of European Socialists while the party's MEPs sit in the Socialists & Democrats group.
History
19th century
The party was founded as the International Labour Association of Denmark on 15 October 1871 by
The stated policy was as follows:
The Danish Social Democratic Labour Party works in its national form, but is convinced of the international nature of the labour movement and ready to sacrifice everything and fulfill all obligations to provide: Freedom, equality and brotherhood among all nations.
In 1884, the party had their first two members of parliament elected, namely Peter Thygesen Holm and Chresten Hørdum.
20th century
In 1906, the party created the Social Democratic Youth Association, lasting until 1920 when the Social Democratic Youth of Denmark and current party's youth wing was founded.
In the 1924 Danish Folketing election, the party won the majority with 36.6 percent of the vote and its first government was put in place with Thorvald Stauning as Prime Minister.[18] That same year, he appointed Nina Bang as the world's first female minister, nine years after women's suffrage had been given in Denmark. Stauning stayed in power until his death in 1942, with his party laying the foundations for the Danish welfare state based on a close collaboration between labor unions and the government.[19]
In January 1933, Stauning's government entered into what was then the most extensive settlement yet in
Stauning's second cabinet lasted until the
Poul Nyrup Rasmussen government coalition: 1993–2001
The Social Democrats'
Social Democrats-led coalition governments (the
The Cabinets of Poul Nyrup Rasmussen maintained a parliamentary majority during the period from 1993 to 2001 by virtue of their support from the
Towards the end of the 1990s, a
In opposition: 2001–2011
After being defeated by the
Helle Thorning-Schmidt government coalition: 2011–2015
In the
On 3 February 2014, the Socialist People's Party left the government in protest over the sale of shares in the public energy company
In opposition: 2015–2019
In the
Similarly, the Social Democrats voted for
2019–present: Frederiksen I and II
This section needs to be updated.(June 2023) |
In the
On 27 June 2019, Frederiksen was successful in forming the
Platform
Since its foundation, the lemma of the party has been "Liberty, Equality and Brotherhood" and these values are still described as central in the party program. In the political program, these values are described as being consistent with a focus on solidarity with the poorest and social welfare to those who need it, with individual responsibility in relation to other members in society and with an increased involvement in the European Union project.[45]
As well as adopting more
Political leadership
The current Party Leader is Mette Frederiksen. She succeeded Helle Thorning-Schmidt, who stepped down after the left bloc's defeat in the 2015 Danish general election. Deputy Party Leaders are Lennart Damsbo-Andersen and Christian Rabjerg Madsen. The Secretary General is Annette Lind.[47]
Prime ministers
- Thorvald Stauning (1924–1926, 1929–1942)
- Vilhelm Buhl (1942, 1945)
- Hans Hedtoft (1947–1950, 1953–1955)
- Hans Christian Hansen(1955–1960)
- Viggo Kampmann (1960–1962)
- Jens Otto Krag (1962–1968, 1971–1972)
- Anker Jørgensen (1972–1973, 1975–1982)
- Poul Nyrup Rasmussen (1993–2001)
- Helle Thorning-Schmidt (2011–2015)
- Mette Frederiksen (2019–incumbent)
Leaders of the Social Democrats
No. | Portrait | Leader | Took office | Left office | Time in office |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Louis Pio (1841–1894) | 1871 | 1872 | 0–1 years | |
2 | Carl Würtz (1832–ca. 1873) | 1872 | 1873 | 0–1 years | |
3 | Ernst Wilhelm Klein (1830–ca. 1879) | 1873 | 1872 | 1–2 years | |
(1) | Louis Pio (1841–1894) | 1875 | 1877 | 1–2 years | |
4 | Christen Hørdum (1846–1911) | 1877 | 1878 | 0–1 years | |
5 | A.C. Meyer (1858–1938) | 1878 | 1878 | 0 years | |
6 | Saxo W. Wiegell (1843–1909) | 1878 | 1880 | 1–2 years | |
(4) | Christen Hørdum (1846–1911) | 1880 | 1882 | 1–2 years | |
7 | Peter Christian Knudsen (1848–1910) | 1882 | 1910 | 27–28 years | |
8 | Thorvald Stauning (1873–1942) | 1910 | 1939 | 28–29 years | |
9 | Hans Hedtoft (1903–1955) | 1939 | 1955 | 15–16 years | |
10 | H. C. Hansen (1906–1960) | 1955 | 1960 | 4–5 years | |
11 | Viggo Kampmann (1910–1976) | 1960 | 1962 | 1–2 years | |
12 | Jens Otto Krag (1914–1978) | 1962 | 1972 | 9–10 years | |
13 | Anker Jørgensen (1922–2016) | 1972 | 1987 | 14–15 years | |
14 | Svend Auken (1943–2009) | 1987 | 3 September 1992 | 4–5 years | |
15 | Poul Nyrup Rasmussen (born 1943) | 3 September 1992 | 14 December 2002 | 10 years | |
16 | Mogens Lykketoft (born 1946) | 14 December 2002 | 12 April 2005 | 2 years | |
17 | Helle Thorning-Schmidt (born 1966) | 12 April 2005 | 28 June 2015 | 10 years | |
18 | Mette Frederiksen (born 1977) | 28 June 2015 | 8 years |
Election results
The Social Democrats governed Denmark for most of the 20th century, with a few intermissions such as the Conservative People's Party-led government of Poul Schlüter in the 1980s. It continued to be Denmark's largest party until 2001 when Anders Fogh Rasmussen's liberal Venstre party gained a landslide victory, becoming the largest party and forming a centre-right government. The Social Democrats returned to government from 2011 to 2015 and since 2019.
Parliament
Folketing | |||||||
Year | Votes | % | ± pp | Seats | +/– | Rank | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1884 | 7,000 | 4.9 | New | 2 / 102
|
New | 2nd | In opposition |
1887 | 8,000 | 3.5 | 1.4 | 1 / 102
|
1 | 3rd | In opposition |
1890 | 17,000 | 7.3 | 3.8 | 3 / 102
|
2 | 3rd | In opposition |
1892 | 20,000 | 8.9 | 1.6 | 2 / 102
|
1 | 4th | In opposition |
1895 | 24,510 | 11.3 | 2.4 | 8 / 114
|
6 | 4th | In opposition |
1898 | 31,870 | 14.2 | 2.9 | 12 / 114
|
4 | 4th | In opposition |
1901 | 38,398 | 17.8 | 3.6 | 14 / 114
|
2 | 3rd | In opposition |
1903 | 48,117 | 21.0 | 3.2 | 16 / 114
|
2 | 3rd | In opposition |
1906 | 76,612 | 25.4 | 4.4 | 24 / 114
|
8 | 2nd | In opposition |
1909 | 93,079 | 29.0 | 3.6 | 24 / 114
|
0 | 1st | External support |
1910 | 98,718 | 28.3 | 0.7 | 24 / 114
|
0 | 2nd | In opposition |
1913 | 107,365 | 29.6 | 1.3 | 32 / 114
|
8 | 1st | External support |
1915 | 1,134 | 8.8 | 20.8 | 32 / 114
|
0 | 3rd | External support |
1918 | 262,796 | 28.7 | 19.9 | 39 / 140
|
7 | 2nd | External support |
1920 (April) |
300,345 | 29.2 | 0.5 | 42 / 140
|
3 | 2nd | In opposition |
1920 (July) |
285,166 | 29.8 | 0.6 | 42 / 140
|
0 | 2nd | In opposition |
1920 (September) |
389,653 | 32.2 | 2.4 | 48 / 149
|
6 | 2nd | In opposition |
1924 | 469,949 | 36.6 | 4.4 | 55 / 149
|
7 | 1st | In government |
1926 | 497,106 | 37.2 | 6.0 | 53 / 149
|
2 | 1st | In opposition |
1929 | 593,191 | 41.8 | 4.6 | 61 / 149
|
8 | 1st | In coalition |
1932 | 660.839 | 42.7 | 0.9 | 62 / 149
|
1 | 1st | In coalition |
1935 | 759,102 | 46.4 | 3.7 | 68 / 149
|
6 | 1st | In coalition |
1939 | 729,619 | 42.9 | 3.5 | 64 / 149
|
4 | 1st | In coalition |
1943 | 894,632 | 44.5 | 1.6 | 66 / 149
|
2 | 1st | In coalition |
1945 | 671,755 | 32.8 | 11.7 | 48 / 149
|
18 | 1st | In coalition |
1947 | 836,231 | 41.2 | 8.4 | 57 / 150
|
9 | 1st | In government |
1950 | 813,224 | 39.6 | 1.6 | 59 / 151
|
2 | 1st | In opposition |
1953 (April) |
836,507 | 40.4 | 0.8 | 61 / 151
|
2 | 1st | In government |
1953 (September) |
894,913 | 41.3 | 0.9 | 74 / 179
|
13 | 1st | In government |
1957 | 910,170 | 39.4 | 1.9 | 70 / 179
|
4 | 1st | In coalition |
1960 | 1,023,794 | 42.1 | 2.7 | 76 / 179
|
6 | 1st | In coalition |
1964 | 1,103,667 | 41.9 | 0.2 | 76 / 179
|
0 | 1st | In government |
1966 | 1,068,911 | 38.2 | 3.7 | 69 / 179
|
7 | 1st | In government |
1968 | 974,833 | 34.2 | 4.0 | 62 / 179
|
7 | 1st | In opposition |
1971 | 1,074,777 | 37.3 | 3.1 | 70 / 179
|
8 | 1st | In government |
1973 | 783,145 | 25.6 | 11.4 | 46 / 179
|
24 | 1st | In opposition |
1975 | 913,155 | 29.9 | 4.0 | 53 / 179
|
7 | 1st | In government |
1977 | 1,150,355 | 37.0 | 7.1 | 65 / 179
|
12 | 1st | In coalition |
1979 | 1,213,456 | 38.3 | 1.3 | 68 / 179
|
3 | 1st | In government |
1981 | 1,026,726 | 32.9 | 5.4 | 59 / 179
|
9 | 1st | In government |
1984 | 1,062,561 | 31.6 | 1.3 | 56 / 179
|
3 | 1st | In opposition |
1987 | 985,906 | 29.3 | 2.3 | 54 / 179
|
2 | 1st | In opposition |
1988 | 992,682 | 29.8 | 0.5 | 55 / 179
|
1 | 1st | In opposition |
1990 | 1,221,121 | 37.4 | 7.6 | 69 / 179
|
14 | 1st | In opposition |
1994 | 1,150,048 | 34.6 | 2.8 | 62 / 179
|
7 | 1st | In coalition |
1998 | 1,223,620 | 35.9 | 1.3 | 63 / 179
|
1 | 1st | In coalition |
2001 | 1,003,023 | 29.1 | 6.8 | 52 / 179
|
11 | 2nd | In opposition |
2005 | 867,350 | 25.8 | 3.3 | 47 / 179
|
5 | 2nd | In opposition |
2007 | 881,037 | 25.5 | 0.3 | 45 / 179
|
2 | 2nd | In opposition |
2011 | 879,615 | 24.8 | 0.7 | 44 / 179
|
1 | 2nd | In coalition |
2015 | 925,288 | 26.3 | 1.5 | 47 / 179
|
3 | 1st | In opposition |
2019 | 915,363 | 25.9 | 0.4 | 48 / 179
|
1 | 1st | In government |
2022 | 971,995 | 27.5 | 1.6 | 50 / 179
|
2 | 1st | In coalition |
Local elections
|
|
|
European Parliament elections
European Parliament | |||||||
Year | Votes | % | ± pp | Seats | +/– | Rank | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1979 | 382,487 | 21.9 | New | 3 / 16
|
New | 1st | |
1984 | 387,098 | 19.4 | 2.5 | 3 / 16
|
0 | 3rd | |
1989 | 417,076 | 23.3 | 3.9 | 4 / 16
|
1 | 1st | |
1994 | 329,202 | 15.8 | 7.5 | 3 / 16
|
1 | 3rd | |
1999 | 324,256 | 16.5 | 0.7 | 3 / 16
|
0 | 2nd | |
2004 | 618,412 | 32.6 | 16.1 | 5 / 14
|
2 | 1st | |
2009 | 503,982 | 21.5 | 11.1 | 4 / 13
|
1 | 1st | |
2014 | 435,245 | 19.1 | 2.4 | 3 / 13
|
1 | 2nd | |
2019 | 592,645 | 21.5 | 2.4 | 3 / 14
|
0 | 2nd |
Representation
Folketing
At the
European Parliament
At the 2019 European Parliament election the Social Democrats won 3 seats. The Social Democrats are part of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats in the European Parliament.[51]
Nordic Council
4 of the 16 Danish members of the Nordic Council are members of the Social Democrats. The members of the Nordic Council are not elected by the public, but instead chosen by the parliamentary party groups. The Social Democrats are part of The Social Democratic Group in the Nordic Council.[52][53]
Youth wings
The Social Democratic Youth of Denmark (Danish: Danmarks Socialdemokratiske Ungdom) is the Social Democrats' youth wing. It was founded on 8 February 1920 and is an independent organization from the Social Democrats. This allows them to formulate their own policies and make their own campaigns. Prominent Social Democrats beginning their political work in the Social Democratic Youth include prime ministers Hans Hedtoft, H. C. Hansen, Jens Otto Krag, Anker Jørgensen and Mette Frederiksen, as well as ministers Per Hækkerup and Morten Bødskov.[54][55]
Frit Forum is the Social Democrats' student organization. It was founded in 1943 in Copenhagen. It has since 1973 been organizationally part of Social Democratic Youth. Prominent members previously leading Frit Forum include prime minister Poul Nyrup Rasmussen and other leaders of the Social Democrats Mogens Lykketoft and Svend Auken.[56][57]
Notes
- ^ Official party letter on voting ballot
- ^ Only 175 of the 179 seats in the Danish Parliament, the Folketing, are obtainable by Danish political parties as Greenland and the Faroe Islands are assigned two seats each due to their status as territories in the Kingdom of Denmark.
See also
References
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External links
- Official website (in Danish)
- Official website (in English)