Al-Haram, Jaffa
Al-Haram | ||
---|---|---|
Village | ||
Geopolitical entity Mandatory Palestine | | |
Subdistrict | Jaffa | |
Date of depopulation | 3 February 1948[3] | |
Area | ||
• Total | 2,681 dunams (2.681 km2 or 1.035 sq mi) | |
Population (1945) | ||
• Total | 520[1][2] | |
Cause(s) of depopulation | Fear of being caught up in the fighting |
Al-Haram (El Haram ʿAly Ibn ʿAleim, also Sayyiduna Ali or Sidna Ali "sanctuary of ʿAli [Ibn ʿAleim]",.
History
Medieval
The medieval walled city of Arsuf was captured from the
Ottoman period
Al-Haram was one of four villages founded during the Ottoman period, near the coast north of the Yarkon River (along with the villages of Al-Shaykh Muwannis, Ijlil, and Umm Khalid). According to historian Roy Marom, the establishment of Al-Haram "demonstrates that the expansion of settlement in the southern Sharon was the result of the internal expansion of the core settlement by residents of the mountainous highlands of Samaria, and not by Egyptian ‘penetrators’ as previously claimed."[9]
In 1596, in the Ottoman era, a third of the revenues from a place called "Arsuf" went to the waqf of ʿAli Ibn ʿAleim.[10] Pierre Jacotin called the village Ali Ebn harami on his map from 1799.[11]
In 1870/1871 (1288
In 1880, it was described in the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine as an adobe village of moderate size on high ground, with springs to the north, and on the west a mosque. The full name was recorded as El Haram 'Aly Ibn 'Aleim.[13]
British Mandate
In the
During the 1920s, the
In the
According to Morris, the villagers were evacuated on 3 February 1948 out of fear of Jewish attack, after Haganah or Irgun attacks on nearby villages.[23]
Today
The only trace of the former village is the Sidna Ali shrine and the cemetery which surrounds it. The cemetery is used as a parking lot by tourists.[24] Many Muslim graves are mentioned in a 1998 archaeological publication to the west and south of the structure.[25]
The shrine is located between the Sidna Ali Beach aka Nof Yam, and the Reshef neighbourhood of Herzliya.
References
- ^ a b Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 27
- ^ a b c Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 52
- ^ Morris, 2004, p. xviii, village #195
- ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 174
- ^ a b Essaid, 2014, pp. 175-213
- Gestes des Chiprois, Part III, p.117, ed. Gaston Raynaud, Genève, 1887: The year given by the chronicler known as the Templar of Tyre is 1265.
- ^ Taragan, Hana (2004): The Tomb of Sayyidna Ali in Arsuf: the Story of a Holy Place In JRAS (Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society), Series 4, 14, 2 (2004), pp. 83–102.
- ^ Essaid, 2014, p. 175 writes: 'The village of Al-Haram was also known as Sayyiduna 'Ali (generally spelt as Sidna 'Ali), meaning 'our lord 'Ali,' because it was built round the shrine of a descendant of 'Umar ibn al-Khatab named al-Hasan ibn 'Ali, who died in AD 1081. However another source claims that the name came from the fighter Abi Hasan 'Ali ibn 'Ulail, who was from the clan of 'Umar ibn al-Khatab, since Abi Hasan 'Abi ibn 'Ulail was known generally by the name of 'Ali ibn 'Alim.'
- ^ Roy Marom, “Al-Sheikh Muwannis: Transformations in the Arab Countryside between the Mountainous Interior and the City of Jaffa, 1750-1848,” Cathedra 183 (February 2023), pp. 9-34.
- ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 140
- ^ Karmon, 1960, p. 170 Archived 2019-12-22 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Grossman, David (2004). Arab Demography and Early Jewish Settlement in Palestine. Jerusalem: Magnes Press. p. 255.
- ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 134.
- ^ Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Jaffa, p. 20
- ^ Mills, 1932, p. 13.
- ^ Avneri, 1982, pp. 70, 176
- ^ Glass, 2002, p. 207
- ^ Essaid, 2014, p. 180
- ^ a b Khalidi, 1992, pp. 240-241
- ^ Hillel Cohen, Army of Shadows: Palestinian Collaboration with Zionism, 1917–1948, University of California Press, 2008
- ^ Yahav, Dan. Herzliya, "Mother of the Kibbutzim and the Communal Groups". Yaron Golan Publishers.
- ^ Article title[usurped]
- ^ Morris, 2004, p. 129, note 514.
- ^ Essaid (2013), p. 211, f.n. 61
- ^ Diego Barkan & Ayelet Dayan, Sidna 'Ali: Final Report, Hadashot Arkheologiyot 11/11/2018, Volume 130 (2018), quoting Gophna R. & Ayalon E. (1998), Map of Herzliyya (69) (Archaeological Survey of Israel). Accessed 18 September 2020.
Bibliography
- Avneri, Arieh L. (1982). The Claim of Dispossession: Jewish Land-settlement and the Arabs, 1878-1948. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 0-87855-964-7.
- Barron, J.B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
- Canaan, T. (1927). Mohammedan Saints and Sanctuaries in Palestine. London: Luzac & Co. Archived from the original on 2019-05-16. Retrieved 2015-04-12. (p.215 Archived 2020-07-17 at the Wayback Machine; cited in Petersen, 2001)
- Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1882). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 2. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Essaid, Aida (2014). Zionism and Land Tenure in Mandate Palestine. Routledge. pp. 175–213. ISBN 9781134653614.
- Glass, Joseph B. (2002). From new Zion to old Zion: American Jewish immigration and settlement in Palestine, 1917 - 1939. Wayne State University Press. ISBN 0814328423.
- Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945.
- Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center. Archived from the original on 2018-12-08. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
- Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
- Karmon, Y. (1960). "An Analysis of Jacotin's Map of Palestine" (PDF). Israel Exploration Journal. 10 (3, 4): 155–173, 244–253. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-12-22. Retrieved 2015-04-13.
- ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
- Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
- ISBN 978-0-521-00967-6.
- Palmer, E.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Petersen, Andrew (2001). A Gazetteer of Buildings in Muslim Palestine (British Academy Monographs in Archaeology). Vol. 1. ISBN 978-0-19-727011-0. (Al-Haram: pp.146-148)
External links
- Welcome To al-Haram
- al-Haram (Sayyidna 'Ali), Zochrot
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 10: IAA, Wikimedia commons
- Al-Haram at Khalil Sakakini Cultural Center
- Tour of al-Haram/Sidna Ali[usurped] 11.11.05, Zochrot
- Al-Haram (Sidna Ali) in the memory of Herzliya[usurped], by Eitan Bronstein, with Norma Musih, from Zochrot
- Maram Massarweh, al-Haram/Sidna Ali[usurped], testimony, from Zochrot
- Issam Hijazi Masarwa, age 11, al-Haram/Sidna Ali[usurped], testimony, from Zochrot