Daliyat al-Rawha'
Daliyat al-Rawha'
دالية الروحاء Daliyat al Ruha, Daliyat ar Ruha | ||
---|---|---|
Village | ||
Etymology: "The trailing vine of er Rûhah", p.n.[1] | ||
Geopolitical entity Mandatory Palestine | | |
Subdistrict | Haifa | |
Date of depopulation | late March 1948[4] | |
Area | ||
• Total | 10,008 dunams (10.008 km2 or 3.864 sq mi) | |
Population (1945) | ||
• Total | 600[2][3] | |
Cause(s) of depopulation | Whispering campaign | |
Secondary cause | Military assault by Yishuv forces | |
Current Localities | Ramot Menashe?[5] Dalia[6] |
Daliyat al-Rawha' (
History
In 1281, the Mamluk sultan
Ottoman era
In 1859 the population was estimated to be about 60, who cultivated 10
A population list from about 1887 showed that Daliet er Ruhah had about 195 inhabitants, all Muslim,[9] while Khiryet Umm ed Duff had about 80 Muslim inhabitants.[10]
British Mandate era
In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Dalia al-Ruha had a population 135, while Umm al-Defuf had a population of 44, all Muslims.[11] In the 1931 census Daliat el Rauha had 163 Muslim inhabitants, in 46 houses,[12] while Umm ed Dufuf had 49 Muslim inhabitants in 10 houses.[13]
The villagers also raised livestock. The village had a rectangular layout from east to west. The houses were grouped closely together and made of stone, held together with mud or cement. The main water sources for the village were located nearby.[6]
By the 20th century, the Arabs of Daliyat al-Rawha were
In the 1945 statistics the population was 280 Muslims, and a total of 10,008 dunams of land, most of it Jewish owned, according to an official land and population survey.[2][3] Arabs used 98 dunams for plantations and irrigable land, 56 for cereals,[17] while 24 dunams were built-up (urban) land.[18]
Types of land use in dunams in the village in 1945:[17][18]
Land Usage | Arab | Jewish |
---|---|---|
Irrigated and plantation | 98 | 0 |
Cereal | 56 | 9,595 |
Urban | 24 | 19 |
Cultivable | 154 | 9,595 |
The land ownership of the village before occupation in dunams:[2]
Owner | Dunams |
---|---|
Arab | 178 |
Jewish | 9,614 |
Public | 216 |
Total | 10,008 |
1948 war and aftermath
The New York Times reports the village was captured on April 14, 1948, during the Battle of Mishmar HaEmek.[6] By mid-June 1948, according to David Ben-Gurion as based on a report written by Weitz, Daliyat al-Rawha' had been destroyed by the Israeli authorities, while the destruction of Buteimat and Sabbarin was about to begin.[20] According to Morris, Ramot Menashe was established near the village lands almost immediately thereafter.[5][21] Khalidi writes that Ramot Menashe is actually located on the lands of neighboring Sabbarin.[6]
In 1995, a committee representing
References
- ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 146
- ^ a b c d e Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 47.
- ^ a b Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 13
- ^ Morris, 2004, p. xviii, village #162. Also gives causes of depopulation.
- ^ a b Morris, 2004, p. xx, settlement #4.
- ^ a b c d e f Khalidi, 1992, p. 158.
- ^ Khalidi, 1992, p. 157.
- ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 41. Also cited in Khalidi, 1992, p. 158
- ^ Schumacher, 1888, p. 180
- ^ Schumacher, 1888, p. 179
- ^ Barron, 1923, Table xi, Sub-district of Haifa, p. 34
- ^ Mills, 1932, p. 89
- ^ Mills, 1932, p. 98
- ^ Morris, 2004, p. 372
- ^ Avneri, 1984, p. 210, note #87, on p. 297
- ^ The Palestine Gazette, 1939, p. 1537[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 89
- ^ a b Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 139
- ^ a b Morris, 2004, pp. 131-2
- ^ Morris, 2004, p. 350
- ^ Morris, 2004, p. 405, note #177
- Masalha, ed., 2005, p. 99
Bibliography
- Avneri, Arieh L. (1984). The Claim of Dispossession: Jewish Land-settlement and the Arabs, 1878-1948. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 0-87855-964-7.
- Barron, J.B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
- Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1882). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 2. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945.
- Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center.
- ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
- ISBN 978-1-84277-623-0.
- Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
- ISBN 978-0-521-00967-6.
- Palmer, E.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Schumacher, G. (1888). "Population list of the Liwa of Akka". Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund. 20: 169–191.
External links
- Welcome To Daliyat al-Rawha'
- Daliyat al-Rawha', Zochrot
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 8: IAA, Wikimedia commons
- Daliyat al-Rawha' from the Khalil Sakakini Cultural Center