Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor
| Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor | |
|---|---|
 Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor rendering | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | ? |
The sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors are a class of
G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of the lipid signalling molecule Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). They are divided into five subtypes: S1PR1, S1PR2, S1PR3, S1PR4 and S1PR5
.
Discovery
In 1990, S1PR1 was the first member of the S1P receptor family to be cloned from
Function
The sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors regulate fundamental biological processes such as cell proliferation,
T cells.[6]
Subtypes
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors are divided into five subtypes: S1PR1, S1PR2, S1PR3, S1PR4 and S1PR5.
They are expressed in a wide variety of tissues, with each subtype exhibiting a different cell specificity, although they are found at their highest density on
hematopoietic tissues whereas S1PR5 primarily located in the white matter of the central nervous system (CNS) and spleen
.
G protein interactions and selective ligands
The sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is the endogenous agonist for the five subtypes.
| Receptor | G protein-coupled receptor superfamily | Agonists | Antagonists |
|---|---|---|---|
| S1PR1 |
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| S1PR2 |
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| S1PR3 |
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| S1PR4 |
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| S1PR5 |
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