February 1974

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February 1, 1974: High-rise building fire kills 185 people in Brazil

The following events occurred in February 1974:

February 1, 1974 (Friday)

February 2, 1974 (Saturday)

The NZ74 logo

February 3, 1974 (Sunday)

February 4, 1974 (Monday)

February 5, 1974 (Tuesday)

Composite of the first close-up photos of Venus[41]
  • The U.S. space probe Mariner 10, launched on November 3, made the first successful broadcast to Earth of images of the planet Venus, starting with the transmission of 4,165 photographs.[42] At 17:01 UTC, it made its closest approach, coming within 3,584 miles (5,768 km) of Venus, then proceeded toward the planet Mercury (which it would reach on March 29).[43]
Cardinal Mindszenty[44]
  • Cardinal József Mindszenty of Hungary, long a symbol of resistance against totalitarian governments by the Roman Catholic Church, was dismissed by Pope Paul VI from his positions as Archbishop of Esztergom and Primate of Hungary. Mindszenty had been imprisoned for eight years in Hungary and then spent another 15 years inside the U.S. diplomatic legation in Budapest, before being allowed to leave the country in 1971. The dismissal was linked to the Vatican's campaign to establish better relations with the Communist nations in Eastern Europe and Mindszenty's refusal to resign, a condition demanded by the Hungarian Communist Party in negotiations with the Vatican.[45]
  • Dr. Raymond Damadian received U.S. Patent No. 3,789,832 for his invention of a proposed "Apparatus and method for detecting cancer in tissue" using nuclear magnetic resonance, after applying on March 13, 1972. The patent described a means of scanning, but not of generating images from a scan, the basis for the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner.[46]
  • Mats Wermelin of Sweden set a record by scoring 272 points for his team in a 272 to 0 win in a regional boys tournament in
    Stockholm Capitals
    .
  • A two-year-old child who had been kidnapped at knife point more than a year earlier was rescued by the Stanislaus County Sheriff's Department in California. Tommy Lauver, who had been taken from his mother on January 20, 1973, from a supermarket parking lot in Modesto, was found at the home of Robert Coffey and Marjorie Coffey in West Modesto, California, who were arrested after a tip from their neighbor, who had read a story in a local newspaper, The Modesto Bee.[49]
  • Harlod Potts, the Fire Chief for Gladewater, Texas, was killed by a gunman, and two other firemen were wounded, after responding to a call to extinguish a blaze at a tavern.[50]
  • Died: Mestre Bimba (ring name for Manuel dos Reis Machado), 74, master of the Brazilian martial art form capoeira who performed as "Mestre Bimba".[51]

February 6, 1974 (Wednesday)

February 7, 1974 (Thursday)

The flag of Grenada

February 8, 1974 (Friday)

Skylab 4 crew returns to Earth

February 9, 1974 (Saturday)

February 10, 1974 (Sunday)

February 11, 1974 (Monday)

First Titan IIIE launch test

February 12, 1974 (Tuesday)

  • Soviet police agents arrested Russian writer and dissident Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, author of The Gulag Archipelago, at his apartment in Moscow.[108][109] He would be deported to West Germany and stripped of his Soviet citizenship the following day.[109][110][111]
  • The Soviet Mars 5 space probe successfully entered orbit around Mars at 14:44 UTC, but sustained a micrometeoroid impact along the way, causing a slow leak in the spacecraft's pressurized instrument compartment.[89][112][113] Mars 5 would cease transmission 16 days later, after returning 43 good quality photographs and making spectrometer observattions of elements on the Martian surface, and obtaining specific surface temperatures ranging from 28 °F (−2 °C) during the day to −99 °F (−73 °C) at night.[114]
  • On Indonesia's Lombok Island, an angry mob raided the houses of the village elders in Dasan, Lajut and Newar Praja and beheaded nine of the men. Police arrested 132 people and their leader, who had compiled a list of 32 village leaders who had tried to stop his business of selling sacred oil to the local residents.[115]
  • Born:
  • Died:

February 13, 1974 (Wednesday)

February 14, 1974: Solzhenitsyn in Cologne after his expulsion from the Soviet Union

February 14, 1974 (Thursday)

February 15, 1974 (Friday)

  • The North Korean Navy sank a South Korean fishing boat that had strayed too close to the Five West Sea Islands, killing 13 of the 14 people on board. The sole survivor was captured by the North Koreans after a rescue. Later in the day, the crew of 14 of another fishing boat was captured.[130]
  • Born: Mr Lordi (stage name for Tomi Petteri Putaansuu), Finnish singer and make-up artist; in Rovaniemi, Lapland[131]
  • Died:

February 16, 1974 (Saturday)

February 17, 1974 (Sunday)

  • A stampede killed 49 people and injured 46 others at a soccer football match at the Zamalek Stadium in Cairo, where a Cairo team was scheduled to play against Dukla Praha of Czechoslovakia.[148] Fifteen minutes before kickoff, 60,000 people had crowded into the 40,000 capacity stadium after organizers had canceled TV coverage and moved the game from 100,000-seat Nasser Stadium despite all 100,000 tickets being sold. The match was canceled after the disaster,[149][150] but Dukla Praha and Zamalek Sporting Club would play on February 19.[151]
The helicopter

February 18, 1974 (Monday)

  • At 7:29 p.m., Colonel Thomas L. Gatch, Jr., took off in his balloon Light Heart from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, to attempt the first crossing of the Atlantic Ocean in a balloon.[167] Air currents pushed Light Heart far south of Gatch's planned course. An airliner would make the final radio contact with Gatch on February 19, and the last sighting would be by a freight ship, Ore Meridian, on February 21.[168] The search by the U.S. Department of Defense was abandoned on March 6 after more than two weeks.[169][170] Neither Light Heart nor Gatch had been found almost 50 years after his disappearance.[170]
  • Daniel Patrick Moynihan, the U.S. Ambassador to India, presented the largest check on record to the government of India, canceling India's $3.2 billion debt to the U.S. for food and humanitarian aid after signing an agreement with the government.[171] Moynihan and presented the Indian Secretary of Economic Affairs, M. G. Kaul, with a check signed by John G. Kaptain, the disbursement officer for the U.S. Embassy in India, for 16,640,000,000 (16 billion, 640 million) Indian rupees,[172] equivalent to $2,046,700,000 in U.S. dollars under the prevailing exchange rate.[173] The remainder of the remaining 1.17 billion dollars would be drawn upon for operations of the U.S. embassy and for educational and cultural projects.[174] Moynihan commented later, "I never saw so much money on such a small piece of paper in my life."[175]
  • Born:
  • Died: Arthur Elrod, 49, American interior designer, was killed in a traffic accident when the vehicle he was in was struck by a drunk driver.[177]

February 19, 1974 (Tuesday)

  • The Foreign Ministry of the Soviet Union summoned ambassadors from the U.S., the UK, France and other Western nations and announced that it would end most travel restrictions against diplomats. A spokesperson told the ambassadors that they would be allowed to travel, without prior permission, to any non-restricted area of the Soviet Union, as long as 24 hours notice had been given, and allowing free access to all but restricted areas within the 40-kilometre (25 mi) radius of central Moscow.[178]
  • Died:
    ruptured aorta.[179]

February 20, 1974 (Wednesday)

  • Second Lieutenant Hiroo Onoda, a member of the Imperial Japanese Army's intelligence unit who had been in hiding on Lubang Island in the Philippines for 29 years after World War II, was located by a Japanese adventurer, Norio Suzuki. After being told that World War II had ended, 2nd Lt. Onoda told Suzuki that he would not surrender until ordered to by a superior officer, and finally gave up on March 9 when his former commander, Major Yoshimi Taniguchi, delivered the order.[180] Onoda was the second-to-last Japanese officer to surrender after World War II. The last one, Teruo Nakamura, would be located in Indonesia on December 18, 1974.
  • Atlanta Constitution newspaper, was kidnapped by a right-wing activist who claimed to be a member of a group called the "American Revolutionary Army". Murphy was freed two days later after the newspaper paid a ransom of $700,000, and Williams was arrested later in the day after the FBI had been tipped off by a Miami investor who had been swindled out of $6,000 by Williams.[181][182][183]
  • Born:
  • Died: Matilde Hidalgo, 84, Ecaudorian physician and women's rights activist[184]

February 21, 1974 (Thursday)

February 22, 1974 (Friday)

  • A group of 157 trainees of the
    Chungmu City harbor.[191] Another 159 were rescued by naval vessels and fishing boats.[192]
  • Hosting the opening of the three-day Organisation of Islamic Conference summit in Lahore, Pakistan extended diplomatic recognition to Bangladesh, the former East Pakistan. After the first day of the summit, the leaders of 39 Muslim nations prayed together at the Badshahi Mosque.[193]
  • During a failed attempt at
    Delta Air Lines Flight 523 to Atlanta, 44-year-old Samuel Byck shot and killed an airport policeman and the copilot of the DC-9 and seriously wounded the pilot before killing himself.[194][195] Byck had intended to crash the plane into the White House in order to assassinate President Nixon.[195][196]
  • The Teleamazonas television network began broadcasting in Ecuador as color television was introduced to South America.
  • The Italian oil-tanker Giovanna Lolli Ghetti exploded and sank in the Pacific Ocean after departing Los Angeles in the U.S. with a cargo of oil bound for Indonesia, killing seven of the people on board.[197]
  • A food giveaway by the Hearst Corporation, on behalf of kidnap victim Patty Hearst, made at the demand of the Symbionese Liberation Army as a condition of setting the heiress free, began in San Francisco and Oakland at four distribution centers where bags of groceries were given away. The bags contained "a small frozen turkey, a box of crackers, a box of biscuit mix, a can of tomato juice and a quart carton of milk," for the thousands of people who showed up.[198]
  • Student protests began in Ethiopia over soaring prices and began a series of events that would eventually lead to the overthrow of Emperor Haile Selassie. Within five days, the rebellion had spread to the northeast African nation's armed forces.[199]
  • U.S. Navy Lieutenant (junior grade) Barbara Allen became the first female in the U.S. to be designated as a naval aviator, receiving her wings pin at ceremonies at Naval Air Station Corpus Christi.[200]
  • Born: James Blunt, English singer with three number 1 best-selling albums; in Tidworth, Hampshire[201]
  • Died: Adlai Rust, 81, former Chief Executive Officer of State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company, 1954 to 1970[202]

February 23, 1974 (Saturday)

February 24, 1974 (Sunday)

February 25, 1974 (Monday)

February 26, 1974 (Tuesday)

  • The Gambell incident occurred when a Soviet ice reconnaissance aircraft was running low on fuel and made an emergency landing in the United States. The Antonov An-24 touched down at the airport at Gambell, Alaska on St. Lawrence Island with 15 people on board; the 12 passengers were all Soviet scientists. Two days later, the An-24 was refueled by a U.S. Air Force C-130 airplane and departed at 7:30 in the evening.
  • "SN 1974C", a supernova that had occurred at least 46 million years earlier, was observed on Earth for the first time. The supernova was first spotted from Earth by astronomer Arp van der Kruit.[226]
  • Officers of the 2nd Division of the Ethiopian Army and at an Ethiopian Air Force base seized control of the African nation's second largest city, Asmara.[199]
  • Died: Paul Sample, 77, American artist[227]

February 27, 1974 (Wednesday)

February 28, 1974 (Thursday)

picture1
picture 2
Harold Wilson (Labour) and Edward Heath (Conservative)
  • The British general election ended in the first hung parliament since 1929, with no party having the required 318 seats to form a majority government in the 635-seat House of Commons. Prime Minister Edward Heath's Conservative Party lost its majority, losing 28 seats to fall from 330 seats to 297, while Harold Wilson and the Labour Party gained 14 to win a plurality of 301 seats. The Liberal Party, led by Jeremy Thorpe won 14 seats, its largest share ever, while 21 other seats went to six other parties.[236][237] After being unable to form a coalition government, Heath stepped down and was replaced as Prime Minister by Wilson on March 4.
  • Rebellious Ethiopian Army troops took control of most of the capital of Addis Ababa. Roadblocks were set up around the city, particularly at approaches to the city's airport, in an attempt to arrest the 19 members of the Cabinet who had resigned the day before.[238]
  • Hermann F. Eilts was received by Egypt's President Anwar Sadat and Egyptian Ambassador Ashraf Ghorbal was designated to come to the Egyptian Embassy in Washington.[239]
  • The
    Beethoven's Symphony No. 9.[240]
  • Died:
    • Bobby Bloom, 28, American singer and songwriter, was shot to death at the home of his former girlfriend, either in a suicide or a murder.[241]
    • suicide by drug overdose.[242][243]
    • Roland Rohlfs, 82, American aviator who held the world record for highest altitude in 1919 for reaching 34,610 feet (10,550 m).

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