List of cities conquered by the Ottoman Empire
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| Military of the Ottoman Empire |
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The list of major cities conquered by the Ottoman Empire is below. Since it is impossible to include all cities, only the most populous cities, capitals and the cities with strategical or historical importance are shown.
Cities
This following list, the first column shows the year of the conquest.[dn 1] Some of the cities (like Tabriz, Yerevan or Belgrad) had been conquered more than once. In this case, only the first conquest has been shown. The second column shows the name of the city (where necessary, the Ottoman Turkish name and/or the contemporary Turkish name has also been given in parathesis), the third column shows the holder before conquest and the fourth column shows the present country. In the fifth column links to the article in this encyclopedia for the details of the conquest (where applicable).[1][2][3]
 |
| Year | Name | Holder before the Conquest | Present country | Battle/Siege | Statute | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1326 | Prusa (Bursa) |  Byzantine Empire
|
Turkey | Siege of Bursa | ||
| 1331 | Nicaea (İznik) | Byzantine Empire
|
Turkey | Siege of Nicaea
|
||
| 1338 | Nicomedia (İzmit) | Byzantine Empire
|
Turkey | |||
| 1352 | Callipolis (Gelibolu) | Byzantine Empire
|
Turkey | |||
| 1356 | Ankara | Ahis (Ankara ahileri) | Turkey | |||
| 1361 | Adrianopol (Edirne) | Byzantine Empire
|
Turkey | |||
| 1364 | Plovdiv (Filibe) |  Bulgarian Empire
|
Bulgaria | Capture of Plovdid
|
||
| 1364 | Stara Zagora (Eski Zagra) | Bulgarian Empire
|
Bulgaria | Capture of Stara Zagora
|
||
| 1365 | Niš |  Serbian Empire
|
Serbia | |||
| 1382 | Sofia | Bulgarian Empire
|
Bulgaria | Siege of Sofia | ||
| 1388 | Ruse (Rusçuk) | Bulgarian Empire
|
Bulgaria | |||
| 1389 | Varna | Bulgarian Empire
|
Bulgaria | |||
| 1393 | Veliko Tarnovo (Tırnova) | Bulgarian Empire
|
Bulgaria | Siege of Tarnovo | ||
| 1395 | Nikopol (Niğbolu) | Bulgarian Empire
|
Bulgaria | |||
| 1395 | Ohrid (Ohri) | Gropa Lordship | North Macedonia
|
|||
| 1395 | Krujë (Akçahisar) (First occupation) | Princedom of Albania
|
Albania | |||
| 1396 | Sati | Zaharia Lordship of Sati | Albania | Vassal | ||
| 1396 | Silistra (Silistre) | Bulgarian Empire
|
Bulgaria | |||
| 1396 | Vidin | Bulgarian Empire
|
Bulgaria | |||
| 1417 | Vlorë (Avlonya) | Principality of Valona | Albania | |||
| 1419 | Constanța (Köstence) | Bulgarian Empire
|
Romania | |||
| 1426 | Smyrna (İzmir) | Aydinids | Turkey | |||
| 1430 | Thessaloniki (Selânik) |  Republic of Venice
|
Greece | Siege of Thessalonica | ||
| 1431[citation needed] | Ioannina (Yânya) |  Despotate of Epirus
|
Greece | |||
| 1450 | Berat (Arnavut Belgradı, Berat) | Lordship of Berat/
 League of Lezhë |
Albania | |||
| 1453 | Constantinople (Konstantiniye, Istanbul) | Byzantine Empire
|
Turkey | Fall of Constantinople | ||
| 1458 | Athens (Atina) |  Duchy of Athens
|
Greece | |||
| 1459[citation needed] | Pristina (Priştine) | Serbian Despotate | Kosovo[dn 2] | |||
| 1460 | Bitola (Monastir, Manastır) | Bulgarian Empire
|
North Macedonia
|
|||
| 1460 | Skopje (Üsküp) | Bulgarian Empire
|
North Macedonia
|
|||
| 1461 | Trebizond (Trabzon) | Empire of Trebizond | Turkey | Siege of Trebizond | ||
| 1461 | Sarajevo (Saray-ı Bosna, Saraybosna) Founded by Ottomans |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | ||||
| 1461 | Jajce (Royal Seat of the Bosnian King)[dn 3] |
Bosnian Kingdom
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina | |||
| 1466 | Iconium (Konya) | Karamanids | Turkey | |||
| 1468 | Mostar | Bosnian Kingdom
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina | |||
| 1470 | Chalcis (Euboea-Eğriboz island) | Greece | ||||
| 1474 | Podgorica (Podgoriçe) | Montenegro | ||||
| 1475 | Bakhchisaray (Bahçesaray)
|
.png){kind=icon} Crimean Khanate
|
Ukraine | Vassal | ||
| 1475 | Feodosiya (Kefe)
|
 Republic of Genoa
|
Ukraine | |||
| 1475 | Sudak | Republic of Genoa
|
Ukraine | |||
| 1475 | Azov (Azak) | Russia | ||||
| 1478 | Lezhë | Republic of Venice
|
Albania | Siege of Shkodra | ||
| 1479 | Shkodër (İşkodra) | Republic of Venice
|
Albania | Siege of Shkodra | ||
| 1480 | Otranto | Principality of Taranto | Italy | Invasion of Otranto
|
Brief acquisition | |
| 1484 | Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi (Akkerman) | Ukraine | ||||
| 1514 | Arz-i Rûm (Erzurum) | Turkey | ||||
| 1514 | Tabriz (Tebriz) | Iran | ||||
| 1514 | Ardabil (Erdebil) | Iran | ||||
| 1515 | Van | Turkey | ||||
| 1515 | Kara Amid (Diyâr-i Bekr, Diyarbakır) | Turkey | ||||
| 1515 | Urmiah (Ürmiye)
|
Iran | ||||
| 1516 | Antiochia (Antakya) | Turkey | ||||
| 1516 | Aleppo (Halep) | Syria | ||||
| 1516 | Damascus (Trablus-i Şâm, Şam) | Syria | ||||
| 1516 | Beirut | Lebanon | ||||
| 1516 | Amman | Jordan | ||||
| 1516 | Jerusalem (Kudüs) | Palestine | ||||
| 1516 | Jaffa (Yafa) | Palestine | ||||
| 1517 | Cairo (Kâhire) | Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)
|
Egypt | |||
| 1517 | Damietta (Dumyat) | Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)
|
Egypt | |||
| 1517 | Mecca (Mekke) | Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 1517 | Jeddah (Cidde) | Saudi Arabia | ||||
| 1521 | Belgrade | Kingdom of Hungary | Serbia | |||
| 1522 | Rhodes (Rodos) | .svg){kind=small} Knights Hospitaller
|
Greece | Siege of Rhodes | ||
| 1526 | Tvrđa | Croatia | ||||
| 1529 | Algiers (Cezayir) | Algeria | Capture of Algiers
|
|||
| 1529 | Odesa (Hacibey) | Ukraine | ||||
| 1531 | Diu | India | Siege of Diu | Brief acquisition | ||
| 1534 | Tunis (Tunus) | Tunisia | Conquest of Tunis | |||
| 1534 | Baghdad (Bağdat) | Safavid Empire
|
Iraq | Capture of Baghdad | ||
| 1537 | Klis (Clissa, Kilis) | Croatia | Siege of Klis | |||
| 1538 | Basra | Iraq | ||||
| 1538 | Aden | Yemen | Capture of Aden | |||
| 1538 | San'a
|
Yemen | ||||
| 1538 | Bender | Moldova | ||||
| 1538 | Chişinău (Knişev)
|
Moldova | ||||
| 1539 | Herceg Novi (Yeni Hersek) | Montenegro | Siege of Castelnuovo | |||
| 1541 | Buda | Hungary | Siege of Buda | |||
| 1543 | Esztergom (Estergon) | Hungary | Siege of Esztergom | |||
| 1547 | Van | Turkey | Siege of Van
|
|||
| 1551 | Gozo | Malta | Invasion of Gozo | Brief acquisition | ||
| 1551 | Tripoli (Trablus-i Gârb, Trablusgarp) | Libya | Siege of Tripoli | |||
| 1552 | Muscat
|
Oman | ||||
| 1552 | Touggourt | Algeria | Marching overland to Sahara
|
|||
| 1552 | Timișoara | Romania | ||||
| 1555 | Béjaïa | Algeria | Capture of Bougie
|
|||
| 1557 | Massawa | Eritrea | ||||
| 1566 | Szigetvár (Zigetvar) | Hungary | Siege of Szigetvár | |||
| 1567 | Zabid | Yemen | ||||
| 1571 | Ulcinj (Ulqin/Dulcigno) | Republic of Venice
|
Montenegro | |||
| 1571 | Nicosia (Lefkoşa) | Cyprus | ||||
| 1578 | Akhaltsikhe (Ahıska) | Georgia | ||||
| 1578 | Yerevan | Armenia | ||||
| 1578 | Benghazi | Libya | ||||
| 1578 | Tbilisi (Tiflis) | Georgia | ||||
| 1578 | Ganja (Gence) | Azerbaijan | ||||
| 1578 | Baku (Bakü) | Azerbaijan | ||||
| 1584 | Lori | Armenia | ||||
| 1587 | Hamadan (Hamedan) | Iran | ||||
| 1590 | Derbent | Russia (Dagestan) | ||||
| 1594 | Győr (Yanık) | Hungary | ||||
| 1596 | Eger | Holy Roman Empire | Hungary | |||
| 1600 | Nagykanizsa (Kanije) | Hungary | Siege of Kanije | |||
| 1645 | Chania (Hanya) | Greece | ||||
| 1660 | Oradea (Varat) | Romania | ||||
| 1663 | Nové Zámky (Uyvar) | Slovakia | ||||
| 1669 | Heraklion (Kandiye) | Greece | Siege of Candia | |||
| 1672 | Kamianets-Podilskyi (Kamaniçe) | Ukraine | ||||
| 1678 | Chyhyryn (Çehrin) | Ukraine | ||||
| 1683 | Perchtoldsdorf | Austria | Battle of Vienna | Brief acquisition | ||
| 1713 | Khotyn (Hotin) | Ukraine | Conquest | |||
| 1852 | Doha | Qatar | Vassal | |||
| 1869 | Manama | Bahrain | Vassal |
See also
- List of Ottoman Empire territories
- Battles involving the Ottoman Empire
- List of Ottoman sieges and landings
Footnotes
References
- ^ Faik Reşit Unat: Tarih Atlası, Kanaat yayınları, İstanbul, 1991, p.29 (in Turkish)
- ^ Prof. Dr. Yaşar Yücel-Prof. Dr. Ali Sevim: Türkiye tarihi, AAKTDYK yayınları, İstanbul, 1991, [page needed] (in Turkish)
- ISBN 978-975-21-0955-1, [page needed] (in Turkish)
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