Furazolidone

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Furazolidone
Structural formula of furazolidone
Space-filling model of the furazolidone model
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.comMicromedex Detailed Consumer Information
Routes of
administration		Oral-Local
ATC code
Identifiers
  • 3-[(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methylideneamino]-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one
JSmol)
  • C1COC(=O)N1N=CC2=CC=C(O2)[N+](=O)[O-]
  • InChI=1S/C8H7N3O5/c12-8-10(3-4-15-8)9-5-6-1-2-7(16-6)11(13)14/h1-2,5H,3-4H2 checkY
  • Key:PLHJDBGFXBMTGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Furazolidone is a

GlaxoSmithKline
as Dependal-M.

Medical uses

Furazolidone has been used in human and veterinary medicine. It has a broad spectrum of activity, being active against:[citation needed]

Use in humans

In humans, it has been used to treat

diarrhoea and enteritis caused by bacterial or protozoan infections, including traveler's diarrhoea, cholera, and bacteremic salmonellosis
.

From the early 1970s, it has been used in China to treat

peptic ulcers, where the mechanism is treatment of the causative Helicobacter pylori infection.[2] In 2002, a journal article suggested its use in treatment of H. pylori infections in children.[3]

Furazolidone has also been used for

Giardia lamblia), amoebiasis, and shigellosis, also though it is not a first-line treatment.[4]

Use in animals

As a veterinary medicine, furazolidone has been used with some success to treat salmonids for Myxobolus cerebralis infections.[citation needed]

It has also been used in aquaculture.[5]

Since furazolidone is a nitrofuran antibiotic, its use in food animals is currently prohibited by the FDA under the Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act, 1994.[6]

Furazolidone is no longer available in the US.[citation needed]

Use in laboratory

It is used to differentiate micrococci and staphylococci.[citation needed]

Mechanism of action

It is believed to work by crosslinking of DNA.[7]

Side effects

Though an effective antibiotic when all others fail, against extremely drug resistant infections, it has many side effects. including inhibition of monoamine oxidase,[1] and as with other nitrofurans generally, minimum inhibitory concentrations also produce systemic toxicity, resulting in tremors, convulsions, peripheral neuritis, gastrointestinal disturbances, and depression of spermatogenesis. Nitrofurans are recognized by FDA as mutagens/carcinogens, and can no longer be used as of 1991.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^
    S2CID 35868007
    .
  2. ISBN 978-0-86793-035-1
    .
  3. PMID 18372934
    .
  4. S2CID 22893579
    .
  5. S2CID 20792443
    .
  6. ^ Bagley C. "Drugs Prohibited from Extralabel Use in Animals". Utah State University Extension. Archived from the original on 16 April 2014. Retrieved 14 April 2014.
  7. ^ "Furazolidone (DB00614)". DrugBank. Retrieved 2008-12-19.
  8. ^ "Declaring a Ban/Phase-Out of the Use of Nitrofurans in Food-Producing Animals". Department of Health, Department of Agriculture. Republic of the Philippines. 17 August 2000. Archived from the original on September 24, 2007.
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