List of wars involving Thailand

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

This is a list of

Kingdom of Thailand
, its predecessor states, and by Siamese people, from antiquity to the present day. It also includes wars fought outside Thailand by Thailand military.

  Thai victory
  Thai defeat
  Another result
  Ongoing conflict

Sukhothai Kingdom

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Sukhothai-Champa War (1313)[1]

Location:Champa

The Sukhothai Kingdom at its greatest extent during the late 13th century under the reign of King Ram Khamhaeng
The Sukhothai Kingdom at its greatest extent during the late 13th century under the reign of King Ram Khamhaeng
Sukhothai Kingdom Kingdom of Champa

Trần dynasty

Champa defensive victory

Ayutthaya Kingdom

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Ayutthaya–Lan Na War
(1441–1474)[2]

Location: Northern Ayutthaya, Southern Lan Na[3][full citation needed]

Places listed in the Thai epic Yuan Phai, chronicling the conflict during c. 1474/75
Places listed in the Thai epic Yuan Phai, chronicling the conflict during c. 1474/75
Ayutthaya Kingdom[4][full citation needed
]
Kingdom of Lanna[4][5]
Stalemate[5]
Burmese–Siamese War (1547–1549)

Location: Upper Tenessarim coast, western and central Siam

Narisara Nuvadtivongs, depicting Queen Suriyothai (center) on her elephant putting herself between King Maha Chakkraphat (right) and the Viceroy of Prome
(left).
Ayutthaya Kingdom
Toungoo dynasty Siamese defensive victory
  • The Burmese command decided to withdraw
  • Burma claims to regain Upper Tenasserim down to Tavoy (Dawei)
Burmese–Siamese War (1563–1564)

Location:

Ayutthaya Kingdom
Toungoo dynasty
Vassal Lan Na
Vassal Sukhothai
Burmese victory
  • Ayutthaya becomes a Burmese vassal state
Burmese–Siamese War (1568–1569)

Location:

Ayutthaya Kingdom
Kingdom of Lan Xang
Toungoo dynasty
Vassal Sukhothai
Burmese victory
  • Ayutthaya remains a Burmese vassal state
Burmese–Siamese War (1584–1593)

Location:

Ayutthaya Kingdom and lower Tanintharyi Region

Elephant duel between Naresuan and Mingyi Swa during the Battle of Nong Sarai as wall murals in Phra Ubosot, Wat Suwan Dararam, Ayutthaya, Thailand.
Elephant duel between Naresuan and Mingyi Swa during the Battle of Nong Sarai as wall murals in Phra Ubosot, Wat Suwan Dararam, Ayutthaya, Thailand.
Ayutthaya Kingdom
Toungoo dynasty Siamese victory
Siamese–Cambodian War
(1591–1594)

Location:

Cambodia

Ayutthaya Kingdom
Cambodia Kingdom
Siamese victory
  • Siamese sack of Longvek (3 Jan 1594)
Burmese–Siamese War (1593–1600)

Location: Southern and central Burma

Pegu
, mural painting by Phraya Anusatchitrakon, Wat Suwandararam, Ayutthaya.
Ayutthaya Kingdom
Toungoo dynasty Siamese victory
  • Siamese controlled the entire
    Tenasserim coast
  • Lan Na becomes Siamese vassal from 1602 to 1614
Burmese–Siamese War (1609–1622)

Location: upper

Tenasserim coast and Lan Na

Ayutthaya Kingdom
Toungoo dynasty Burmese victory
Spanish-Siam War

(1624–1636)[6][7][8]

 Siam

Dutch Republic Dutch East India Company

Spain Iberian Union Siam victory
Burmese–Siamese War (1662–1664)

Location:

Tenasserim coast

Ayutthaya Kingdom
Toungoo dynasty Inconclusive
  • Burma defends upper Burma
  • Status quo ante bellum
Burmese–Siamese War
(1675–76)

Location:

Tenasserim coast

Ayutthaya Kingdom
Toungoo dynasty Military stalemate
  • Burma defends upper
    Tenasserim coast
  • Siam defeats counter Burmese invasion
Anglo-Siamese War
(1687–1688)

Location:

Coromandel coast

Ayutthaya Kingdom
Kingdom of England England
East India Company
Inconclusive
  • East India Company fails to blockade the port of Mergui
  • The ports of Siam were closed to East India Company vessels until 1708
  • The East India had resumed trade using foreign-flagged vessels as early as 1705
Siege of Bangkok
(June 1688 - November 13, 1688)

Location: Bangkok, Thailand

Siege of the French fortress in Bangkok by the Siamese revolutionary forces of Phetracha in 1688.
Siege of the French fortress in Bangkok by the Siamese revolutionary forces of Phetracha in 1688.
Ayutthaya Kingdom
Supported by:
: Dutch East India Company
 Kingdom of France
Kingdom of France French East India Company
Decisive Siamese victory
  • French negotiated retreat
Burmese–Siamese War
(1700–1701)

Location:

Ayutthaya Kingdom

Ayutthaya Kingdom
Toungoo dynasty Siamese defensive victory
  • Siam defeats Burmese invasion
Siamese–Vietnamese War (1717)[9][10]

Location:

Cambodia

Ayutthaya Kingdom
Nguyễn lords Siamese victory
  • Siam gains suzerainty of Cambodia
  • Vietnam annexes several border provinces of Cambodia
Burmese–Siamese War (1759–1760)

Location:

Siam

Siege of the French fortress in Bangkok by the Siamese revolutionary forces of Phetracha in 1688.
Siege of the French fortress in Bangkok by the Siamese revolutionary forces of Phetracha in 1688.
Ayutthaya Kingdom
Konbaung dynasty Inconclusive
  • Burma captures the Tennasserim coast down to
    Mergui
    frontier
Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)

Location:

Ayutthaya

Ayutthaya Kingdom
Konbaung dynasty Burmese victory

Thonburi Kingdom

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Thonburi reunification of Siam
(1767–1771)[11][12]

Location: Siam

State of Thonburi (Thonburi Kingdom) State of Phimai
State of Phitsanulok
State of Sawangburi
State of Nakhon Si Thammarat
Principality of Banteay Mas
Konbaung dynasty (Burma)
Thonburi victory
Siamese–Vietnamese War (1771–1773)[13][14]

Location: Cambodia, Southern Vietnam

Map of Indochina in 1760
Map of Indochina in 1760
Thonburi Kingdom Nguyễn Lords
Cambodia
Hà Tiên polity
Siamese victory
Burmese–Siamese War (1775–1776)

Location: Northern and central Siam, Lan Na

Thonburi Kingdom Konbaung dynasty Siamese victory
Lao–Siamese War (1778–1779)

Location: Khorat Plateau

Thonburi Kingdom
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang
Cambodia
Kingdom of Vientiane
Kingdom of Champasak
Siamese victory
  • Lao kingdoms of Luang Phrabang, Vientiane and Champasak came under Siamese suzerainty.

Rattanakosin Kingdom

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Siamese–Vietnamese War (1784–1785)

Location: Rạch Gầm River and Xoài Mút River, Southern Vietnam

Hà Tiên Protectorate
Tây Sơn Decisive Tây Sơn Victory
Burmese–Siamese War (1785–1786)

Location: Western Siam

Rattanakosin Kingdom
Konbaung dynasty Siamese victory
  • Siam gains control of
    Lanna
Tavoy campaign (1788)

Location:Tenasserim Coast

Rattanakosin Kingdom Konbaung dynasty Burmese defensive victory
Burmese–Siamese War (1792–1794)

Location:Tenasserim Coast

Rattanakosin Kingdom Konbaung dynasty Burmese defensive victory
Burmese–Siamese War (1797–1798)

Location:

Lanna Kingdom, Northern Thailand

Lanna Kingdom
Kingdom of Vientiane
Konbaung dynasty Siamese victory
Burmese–Siamese War (1802–1805)

Location:

Lanna Kingdom, Northern Thailand

Rattanakosin Kingdom
Lanna Kingdom
Kingdom of Vientiane
Konbaung dynasty Siamese victory
Burmese–Siamese War (1809–1812)

Location:

Phuket

Rattanakosin Kingdom
Konbaung dynasty Siamese victory
Cambodian rebellion (1811–1812)

Location: Cambodia, Southern Vietnam

Rattanakosin Kingdom
Cambodian pro-Vietnamese faction
Nguyễn dynasty
Cambodian pro-Vietnamese faction victory

Vietnamese forces restore Ang Chan to the Cambodian throne

Siamese invasion of Kedah
(1821)

Location: Kedah

Rattanakosin Kingdom
Kedah Sultanate Siamese victory
  • Exile of Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah II[15]
  • Imposition of direct Siamese rule on Kedah
  • Start of the Kedahan resistance[16]
First Anglo-Burmese War
(1824-1826)

Location:

Rangoon
), 8 July 1824
United Kingdom British Empire Konbaung dynasty
Siamese-allied victory
Lao rebellion (1826–1828)

Location: Central Laos

Rattanakosin Kingdom
Kingdom of Vientiane
Kingdom of Champasak
Military support:
Nguyễn dynasty[a]
Siamese victory
Siamese–Vietnamese War (1831–1835)

Location: Cambodia, Southern Vietnam

Rattanakosin Kingdom
Nguyễn dynasty Vietnamese victory
  • Cambodia becomes a vassal state of Vietnam
Cambodian rebellion (1840)

Location: Cambodia, Cochinchina

Khmer anti-Vietnamese rebels
Support:
Rattanakosin Kingdom
Nguyễn dynasty Siamese-allied Victory

Siamese intervention
Cambodia independence from Vietnam
Cambodia came under joint Siamese-Vietnamese suzerainty

Siamese–Vietnamese War (1841–1845)

Location: Cambodia, Southern Vietnam

A map showing the movement of Vietnamese troops (from June to December 1845) in Vietnam-Siamese War (1841–1845).
A map showing the movement of Vietnamese troops (from June to December 1845) in Vietnam-Siamese War (1841–1845).
Rattanakosin Kingdom
Khmer anti-Vietnamese rebels
Nguyễn dynasty Stalemate
Burmese–Siamese War (1849–1855)

Location: Kengtung, Trans-Salween region

Rattanakosin Kingdom
Konbaung dynasty Burmese defensive victory
Haw wars
(1865–1890)

Location: Eastern Cambodia,

A Siamese army during Haw wars in 1865
A Siamese army during Haw wars in 1865
Rattanakosin Kingdom
Haw Kingdom (Red flag and Striped flag bands) Siamese victory
Franco-Siamese conflict

(1893)

Location:

Siam

French ships Inconstant and Comète under fire in the Paknam incident, 13 July 1893
French ships Inconstant and Comète under fire in the Paknam incident, 13 July 1893
Kingdom of Siam
French Third Republic French Republic French victory;
Ngiao rebellion(1902)

Location: Phrae

Rattanakosin Kingdom
Shan (Ngiao) rebels Siamese victory
World War I
(1917-1918)

Location: Europe

Dardanelles * A British Vickers machine gun crew wears gas masks during the Battle of the Somme * Albatros D.III fighters of Jagdstaffel 11
Allied Powers:
Central Powers: Siamese-allied victory

After 1932 revolution

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results
Franco-Thai War
(1940-1941)

Location: French Indochina

French Indochina
French Indochina
 Thailand  Vichy France Indecisive[19]
Japanese invasion of Thailand
(1941)

Location:Thailand

Map of the Japanese invasion of Thailand, December 8, 1941
Map of the Japanese invasion of Thailand, December 8, 1941
Thailand Thailand Empire of Japan Japan Ceasefire
  • Thai alliance with Japan
  • Thailand declares war on the Allied Powers.
World War II
(1941-1945)

Location: Southeast Asia

(clockwise from top left)
(clockwise from top left)
Axis Powers:
Allied Powers:

Allied victory
Malayan Emergency
(1948-1960)

Location: Malay Peninsula, Southeast Asia

Australian Avro Lincoln bomber dropping 500lb bombs on communist rebels in the Malayan jungle (c. 1950)
Australian Avro Lincoln bomber dropping 500lb bombs on communist rebels in the Malayan jungle (c. 1950)
Commonwealth forces:
 United Kingdom

Australia Australia
New Zealand New Zealand
Supported by:
 Thailand
(Thai–Malaysian border)

Communist forces:
Malayan Communist Party

Supported by:
China China[21][22][23]
North Vietnam Viet Minh
(until 1954)
 North Vietnam
(from 1954)[24][25][26]
 Soviet Union[23][27]
 Indonesia[22][23]

Thailand-allied victory
Korean War
(1950-1953)

Location:

 South Korea

United Nations[b]

Medical support
Other support
Other support
Military stalemate
Vietnam War
(1955-1975)

Location: South Vietnam, North Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, South China Sea, Gulf of Thailand

Huế Massacre
.
Supported by:
North Vietnamese and National Liberation Front victory
Laotian Civil War
(1959-1975)

Location: Kingdom of Laos

Laos
Laos
 Kingdom of Laos
Forces Armées Neutralistes
(from 1962)
 United States
 South Vietnam
 Thailand
Supported by:
Pathet Lao
Forces Armées Neutralistes
(1960–1962)
Patriotic Neutralists
(from 1963)
 North Vietnam
Supported by:
Pathet Lao and North Vietnamese victory
Communist insurgency in Thailand
(1965–1983)

Location: Thailand (primarily East Thailand)

Ta Ko Bi Cave, a former hideout used by communist rebels.
Ta Ko Bi Cave, a former hideout used by communist rebels.
 Thailand

Supported by:

 Taiwan (until July 1981)

 United States[citation needed]

Communist Party of Thailand

Pathet Lao[citation needed]

Supported By:

Khmer Rouge (until 1982)[citation needed]
 Vietnam
 China (from 1979)
 Soviet Union

Thai government victory
  • Amnesty declared on 23 April 1980 by the Thai government
  • Order 66/2523 signed by Prime Minister Prem Tinsulanonda
  • Communist insurgency declines and ends in 1984
Cambodian Civil War
(1968-1975)

Location: Cambodia

US tanks entering a town in Cambodia in 1970.
US tanks entering a town in Cambodia in 1970.
Cambodia
(1967–1970)
Khmer Republic
(1970–1975)
 United States
 South Vietnam
Other support:
GRUNK (1970–1975)

 

Việt Cộng

Khmer Rouge victory
Communist insurgency in Malaysia

(1968-1989)

Location: Malaysian Peninsular and Sarawak

Sarawak Rangers (present-day part of the Malaysian Rangers) consisting of Ibans leap from a Royal Australian Air Force Bell UH-1 Iroquois helicopter to guard the Malay–Thai border from potential Communist attacks in 1965, two years before the war starting in 1968.
Sarawak Rangers (present-day part of the Malaysian Rangers) consisting of Ibans leap from a Royal Australian Air Force Bell UH-1 Iroquois helicopter to guard the Malay–Thai border from potential Communist attacks in 1965, two years before the war starting in 1968.
Anti-communist forces:
 Malaysia[43]
 Thailand[44][45]

Supported by:
 United Kingdom[46]
 Australia
 New Zealand[47]
 United States
 South Vietnam (until 1975)

Communist forces:

Malayan Communist Party[48]

Communist Party of Thailand (until 1983)
Supported by:
 China[49][21]
 Soviet Union[49]
 Vietnam (until late 1970s)
North Kalimantan Communist Party

Peace agreement reached
Third Indochina War
(1975-1991)

Location: Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, China

 China
Democratic Kampuchea

Lao royalists
Hmong insurgents
FULRO
 Thailand
Supported by:
 United States
 North Korea[52]

 Vietnam
Laos Laos
People's Republic of Kampuchea People's Republic of Kampuchea
Communist Party of Thailand
  • Pak Mai

Supported by:
Warsaw Pact countries (until 1991)[52]

Vietnam-allied victory
Vietnamese border raids in Thailand
(1979–1989)

Location: Thai–Cambodian border, Gulf of Thailand

 Thailand
CGDK[53]

Supported by:
 United States
 China

 
State of Cambodia (1989)
Supported by:
 Soviet Union
 Poland[54]
 Czechoslovakia[55]
 East Germany[56]
Vietnamese withdrew
  • Destruction of numerous guerrilla bases and refugee camps along the Thai–Cambodian border
  • Isolated outbreaks of open hostility between Vietnamese and Thai troops
  • Withdrawal of Vietnamese troops from the border in 1989
Thai–Laotian Border War
(1987-1988)

Location:

Sainyabuli Province, Lao PDR

Phitsanulok
.
 Thailand  Laos
 Vietnam
Peace talks in Bangkok
Gulf War
(1990–1991)

Location: Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and
the Persian Gulf

 
Czechoslovakia
 Greece
 Denmark
 New Zealand
 Hungary
Iraq Thailand-allied victory
  • Iraqi forces expelled from Kuwait
  • Kuwaiti independence restored
  • Destruction of Iraqi and Kuwaiti infrastructure
1999 East Timorese crisis
(1999-2002)

Location: East Timor

Destroyed houses in Dili
Destroyed houses in Dili
East Timor East Timor

International Force:

  • Australia Australia – 5,500
  • New Zealand New Zealand – 1,200
  • Thailand Thailand – 1,600
  • Brazil Brazil 
  • Canada Canada 
  • Fiji Fiji 
  • France France 
  • Germany Germany 
  • Republic of Ireland Ireland 
  • Italy Italy 
  • Jordan Jordan 
  • Kenya Kenya 
  • Malaysia Malaysia 
  • Norway Norway 
  • Pakistan Pakistan 
  • Philippines Philippines 
  • Portugal Portugal 
  • Singapore Singapore 
  • South Korea South Korea 
  • United Kingdom United Kingdom 
  • United States United States [57]
Insurgents: Conflict ended
  • Defeat of pro-Indonesian militia
  • Stabilisation of East Timor
Iraq War (2003–2004)
Location: Iraq
Iraq War montage
Iraq War montage
Invasion phase (2003)
 United States
 United Kingdom
 Australia
 Poland
Peshmerga
INC
Supported by:
 Denmark[58]
 Netherlands[59]
 Italy[60]
 Spain[61]
Post-invasion
(2003–11)

Iraq
 United States
 United Kingdom

MNF–I
(2003–09)
Awakening Council

Supported by:
 Iran[62][63]


 Iraqi Kurdistan

Invasion phase (2003)
 Iraq
Ansar al-Islam[c][64]
Post-invasion (2003–11)
Ba'ath loyalists

Sunni insurgents


Shia insurgents

Supported by:
 Iran

Thailand-allied victory
Narathiwat
)
Souththailandmap
Souththailandmap
 Thailand
RTARF
RTP
VDC
Former support:

 Islamic State


Oil smugglers[95][96][97]


Pirates[98]

Ongoing
Cambodian–Thai border dispute

(2008–2011)

Location: Thai–Cambodian border

Phraviharngopura
Phraviharngopura
 Thailand  Cambodia Conflict ended
  • ICJ decision awards promontory of Preah Vihear to Cambodia[99]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Vietnamese observers totaled 80-100.[citation needed]
  2. ^ On 9 July 1951 troop constituents were: US: 70.4%, ROK: 23.3% other UNC: 6.3%[28]
  3. ^ against both Iraq and the United States

References

  1. ^ Taylor, p. 144
  2. .
  3. ^ Jumsai 1976, pp. 54–57.
  4. ^ a b Jumsai 1976, p. 54.
  5. ^ a b Jumsai 1976, pp. 58–61.
  6. ^ "History of Ayutthaya - Foreign Settlements - Portuguese Settlement". www.ayutthaya-history.com. Retrieved 2023-07-05.
  7. ^ "History of Ayutthaya - Essays - Spain". www.ayutthaya-history.com. Retrieved 2023-07-05.
  8. ^ "History of Ayutthaya - Historical Events - Timeline 1600-1649". www.ayutthaya-history.com. Retrieved 2023-07-05.
  9. ^ Tucker, p. 13.
  10. ^ Tucker (2009), p. 722.
  11. ^ Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk. A History of Thailand Third Edition (p. 307). (Cambridge University Press. Kindle Edition.)
  12. .
  13. ^ Kohn, p. 447.
  14. ^ Dupuy, p. 768.
  15. ^ "Siam, Cambodia, and Laos 1800-1950 by Sanderson Beck".
  16. ^ Stearn, Duncan (25 March 2019). Slices of Thai History: From the curious & controversial to the heroic & hardy. Proglen Trading Co.
  17. ^ Wood, W.A.R. (1924). A History of Siam. London: T. Fisher Unwin, Ltd. pp. 276–277. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
  18. ^ Van Roy, Edward (2010). "Safe Haven: Mon Refugees at the Capitals of Siam from the 1500s to the 1800s" (PDF). Journal of the Siam Society. 98: 172–173.
  19. ^ Tucker, World War II: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection p. 649
  20. ^ Fall, p. 22. "On the seas, one old French cruiser sank one-third of the whole Thai fleet ... Japan, seeing that the war was turning against its pupil and ally, imposed its 'mediation' between the two parties."
  21. ^ .
  22. ^ a b A. Dahana (2002). "China Role's in Indonesia's "Crush Malaysia" Campaign". MAKARA of Social Sciences and Humanities Series. Universitas Indonesia. Archived from the original on 19 July 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  23. ^ a b c Mohd. Noor Mat Yazid (2013). "Malaysia-Indonesia Relations Before and After 1965: Impact on Bilateral and Regional Stability" (PDF). Programme of International Relations, School of Social Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 July 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  24. .
  25. .
  26. .
  27. .
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  30. ^ "Post-War Warriors: Japanese Combatants in the Korean War". The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus.
  31. .
  32. ^ .
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  35. .
  36. . Retrieved 18 September 2015. India could not be considered neutral.
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  40. ISBN 978-9832220268. Archived from the original
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  44. ^ Chin Peng, pp.479–80
  45. ^ NIE report
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