Celivarone

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Celivarone
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Propan-2-yl 2-butyl-3-{4-[3-(dibutylamino)propyl]benzoyl}-1-benzofuran-5-carboxylate
Other names
SSR149744C
Identifiers
3D model (
JSmol
)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard
 100.211.855 Edit this at Wikidata
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C34H47NO4/c1-6-9-14-31-32(29-24-28(19-20-30(29)39-31)34(37)38-25(4)5)33(36)27-17-15-26(16-18-27)13-12-23-35(21-10-7-2)22-11-8-3/h15-20,24-25H,6-14,21-23H2,1-5H3 ☒N
    Key: ZCENNVQCOZQSGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ☒N
  • InChI=1/C34H47NO4/c1-6-9-14-31-32(29-24-28(19-20-30(29)39-31)34(37)38-25(4)5)33(36)27-17-15-26(16-18-27)13-12-23-35(21-10-7-2)22-11-8-3/h15-20,24-25H,6-14,21-23H2,1-5H3
    Key: ZCENNVQCOZQSGH-UHFFFAOYAX
  • O=C(OC(C)C)c3cc1c(oc(c1C(=O)c2ccc(cc2)CCCN(CCCC)CCCC)CCCC)cc3
Properties
C34H47NO4
Molar mass 533.753 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Celivarone is an

fainting, and even death.[2] They can manifest as slow (bradycardia) or fast (tachycardia) heart rate, and may have a regular or irregular rhythm.[2]

Molecular causes of cardiac arrhythmias

The causes of cardiac arrhythmias are numerous, from structural changes in the

action potential (AP), or by affecting the rate or force of contraction.[3]

The specific molecular changes involved in arrhythmias depend on the nature of the problem. Ion channel mutations can alter

ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib).[5][6][7] Arrhythmias can also be induced by altered activity of the vagus nerve and activation of β1 adrenergic receptors.[8]

Mechanism of action

Celivarone is a non-iodinated

resting membrane potential, caused by blocked Na+ channels, and longer action potential duration due to K+ channel blocks.[1][10] Celivarone is therefore described as having class I, II, III, and IV antiarrhythmic properties.[1][10]

Indications for use

Celivarone displays some atrial selectivity, suggesting it may be most effective at targeting atrial arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter.[1][9][10][11] These conditions are characterized by rapid atrial rates, 400–600 bpm for atrial fibrillation and 150–300 bpm for atrial flutter.[2] Studies have shown celivarone is capable of cardioversion, maintaining normal sinus cardiac rhythms,[1][10] being effective in hypokalemic, vasotonic, and stretch-induced atrial fibrillation, as well as ischemic and reperfusion ventricular fibrillation.[10] Since it affects multiple ion channels, it also shows promise in treating genetic forms of arrhythmia caused by several ion channel mutations.[1][10]

Future research

Celivarone may be an effective

body tissues are also benefits of celivarone.[1][10] Presently, two studies are underway to determine if the effects observed in the animal models are reproducible in a human population.[12][13]

See also

References

  1. ^
    S2CID 12663630
    .
  2. ^
    PMID 5945668
    .
  3. ^
    PMID 384460
    .
  4. PMID 8791523
    .
  5. S2CID 2902785
    .
  6. S2CID 8507168
    .
  7. PMID 11208676
    .
  8. S2CID 71486340
    .
  9. ^
    doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2007.03.018
    .
  10. ^
    S2CID 13448017
    .
  11. doi:10.1016/S1567-4215(03)90164-0
    .
  12. ^ "Double Blind Placebo Controlled Dose Ranging Study of the Efficacy and Safety of SSR149744C 300 or 600 mg for the Conversion of Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter (CORYFEE)". ClinicalTrials.gov. 7 May 2012. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  13. ^ "Dose Ranging Study of Celivarone with Amiodarone as Calibrator for the Prevention of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) Interventions or Death (ALPHEE)". ClinicalTrials.gov. Retrieved 6 January 2016.