Cuisine

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A cuisine is a style of

Used in English since the late 18th century, the word cuisine—meaning manner or style of cooking—is borrowed from the French for "style of cooking", as originally derived from Latin coquere "to cook".^[2]

Influences on cuisine

A cuisine is partly determined by ingredients that are available locally or through trade. Regional ingredients are developed and commonly contribute to a regional or national cuisine, such as Japanese rice in Japanese cuisine.

The area's climate, in large measure, determines the native foods that are available. In addition, climate influences food preservation. For example, foods preserved for winter consumption by smoking, curing, and pickling have remained significant in world cuisines for their altered gustatory properties.

The trade among different countries also largely affects a region's cuisine. Dating back to the ancient spice trade, seasonings such as

Culinary culture exchange is also an important factor for cuisine in many regions: Japan's first substantial and direct exposure to the West came with the arrival of European missionaries in the second half of the 16th century. At that time, the combination of Spanish and Portuguese game frying techniques with an East Asian method for cooking vegetables in oil, led to the development of tempura, the "popular Japanese dish in which seafood and many different types of vegetables are coated with batter and deep fried".^[7]

History

Cuisine dates back to Antiquity. As food began to require more planning, there was an emergence of meals that situated around culture.^[8]

Evolution of cuisine

Cuisines evolve continually, and new cuisines are created by innovation and cultural interaction. One recent example is

A global cuisine is a cuisine that is practiced around the world, and can be categorized according to the common use of major foodstuffs, including grains, produce and cooking fats.

Regional diversity

African cuisines use a combination of locally available fruits, cereals and vegetables, as well as milk and meat products. In some parts of the continent, the traditional diet features a preponderance of milk, curd and whey products. In much of tropical Africa, however, cow's milk is rare and cannot be produced locally (owing to various diseases that affect livestock). The continent's diverse demographic makeup is reflected in the many different eating and drinking habits, dishes, and preparation techniques of its manifold populations.^[15]

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  Typical Ethiopian and Eritrean cuisine: Injera (thin pancake-like bread) and several kinds of wat (stew)
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  A Ramadan dinner in Tanzania
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  fish

  . Chicken yassa is pictured.
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  Spices at central market in Agadir, Morocco

Asian cuisines

Due to Asia's vast size and extremely diverse geography and demographics,

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  Due to

  Guangdong's location on the southern coast of China, fresh live seafood is a specialty in Cantonese cuisine. Such markets selling seafood are found across East Asia

  .
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  Traditional

  North Indian vegetarian thali with various curries from India. Various curry dishes are found across South Asia

  .
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  A market stall at Thanin market in Chiang Mai, Thailand, selling readily-made food. Market stalls selling food are found across Southeast Asia.
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  A Tajik feast. A large feast is commonly associated with cultures of Central Asia.
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  Typical Assyrian cuisine; an example of a type of meal found in West Asia.

European cuisine

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  An English Sunday roast with roast beef, roast potatoes, vegetables and Yorkshire pudding
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  Traditional pizza from Napoli: originally Italian dish
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  German sausages and cheese
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  Beef Stroganoff, a Russian dish.

Oceanian cuisine

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  Bush Tucker (bush foods) harvested at Alice Springs Desert Park in Australia
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  A Hāngī being prepared, a New Zealand Māori method of cooking food for special occasions using hot rocks buried in a pit oven.
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  Samoan umu, an oven of hot rocks above ground

Cuisines of the Americas

The

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  Bandeja paisa from Peñól de Guatapé in Antioquia, Colombia.
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  A Jamaican patty wrapped in coco bread.
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  Buffalo wings with blue cheese dressing, served with lager beer.
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  Tacos filled with several meat types, mainly beef, chicken and pork.^[19]

See also

Portals

Food	Drink	Wine
Beer	Liquor	Coffee

References