List of countries by greenhouse gas emissions
This is a list of sovereign states and territories by greenhouse gas emissions due to certain forms of human activity, based on the EDGAR database created by European Commission. The following table lists the 1970, 1990, 2005, 2017 and 2022 annual GHG[n 1] emissions estimates (in kilotons of CO2 equivalent per year) along with a list of calculated emissions per capita (in metric tons of CO2 equivalent per year). The data include carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide from all sources, including agriculture and land use change. They are measured in carbon dioxide-equivalents over a 100-year timescale.
The
In 2022, GHG emissions from the top 10 countries with the highest emissions accounted for almost two thirds of the global total. Since 2006, China has been emitting more CO2 than any other country.[7][8][9]
However, the main disadvantage of measuring total national emissions is that it does not take population size into account. China has the largest CO2 and GHG emissions in the world, but also the largest population. For a fair comparison, emissions should be analyzed in terms of the amount of CO2 and GHG per capita.[10]
Considering GHG per capita emissions in 2022, China's levels (10.95) are almost 60 percent those of the United States (17.90) and less than a sixth of those of Qatar (67.38 – the country with the highest emissions of GHG per capita in 2022).[11][12]
China, the United States, India, the EU27, Russia and Brazil were the six world largest GHG emitters in 2022. Together they account for 50.1% of global population, 61.2% of global Gross Domestic Product (GDP), 63.4% of global fossil fuel consumption and 61.6% of global GHG emissions.[12] Even in 2022, global GHG emissions primarily consisted of CO2, resulting from the combustion of fossil fuels (71.6%). CH4 contributed 21% to the total, while the remaining share of emissions comprised N2O (4.8%) and F-gases (2.6%).[12]
Measures of territorial-based emissions, also known as
According to the review of the scientific literature conducted by the
Per capita GHG emissions
GHG emissions by country/territory
The data in the following table is extracted from EDGAR - Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research.[12]
Country/territory | GHG emissions (ktCO2eq/year) |
Per capita (tCO2eq/year | % of world | Change (1990=100%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1970 | 1990 | 2005 | 2017 | 2022 | 2022 | 2022 | 2022 | |
Aruba | 45.2 | 214.4 | 462.6 | 467.2 | 496.7 | 4.64 | 0.001% | 231.7% |
Afghanistan | 17,336.2 | 13,775.6 | 18,191.3 | 31,773.0 | 29,117.9 | 0.73 | 0.054% | 211.4% |
Angola | 20,138.4 | 34,957.0 | 73,533.9 | 81,888.0 | 66,480.1 | 1.90 | 0.124% | 190.2% |
Anguilla | 4.3 | 8.8 | 18.0 | 34.5 | 28.1 | 1.87 | 0.000% | 317.6% |
Albania | 8,261.3 | 11,568.1 | 8,070.1 | 9,281.3 | 7,983.4 | 2.71 | 0.015% | 69.0% |
Netherlands Antilles | 15,078.6 | 2,855.9 | 6,146.2 | 4,171.5 | 2,154.5 | 13.06 | 0.004% | 75.4% |
United Arab Emirates | 29,374.9 | 84,786.9 | 169,629.1 | 270,987.8 | 295,110.3 | 29.33 | 0.549% | 348.1% |
Argentina | 223,210.9 | 262,670.2 | 344,827.1 | 379,169.3 | 382,992.5 | 8.27 | 0.712% | 145.8% |
Armenia | 15,350.1 | 24,373.3 | 7,429.7 | 8,624.0 | 9,377.0 | 3.19 | 0.017% | 38.5% |
Antigua and Barbuda | 170.5 | 246.6 | 265.2 | 335.7 | 359.8 | 3.36 | 0.001% | 145.9% |
Australia | 315,014.3 | 457,216.6 | 576,589.8 | 601,065.2 | 571,382.1 | 21.98 | 1.062% | 125.0% |
Austria | 72,486.0 | 81,508.0 | 96,877.8 | 85,874.4 | 76,743.3 | 8.70 | 0.143% | 94.2% |
Azerbaijan | 46,276.3 | 69,807.5 | 46,458.6 | 57,785.6 | 68,876.9 | 6.72 | 0.128% | 98.7% |
Burundi | 2,284.8 | 3,059.2 | 3,731.9 | 7,223.4 | 7,479.9 | 0.59 | 0.014% | 244.5% |
Belgium | 170,206.5 | 142,803.4 | 145,835.3 | 124,191.4 | 114,032.2 | 9.74 | 0.212% | 79.9% |
Benin | 2,519.1 | 4,201.6 | 8,759.4 | 16,604.7 | 20,685.1 | 1.62 | 0.038% | 492.3% |
Burkina Faso | 6,801.4 | 11,283.5 | 20,701.4 | 31,296.6 | 36,497.1 | 1.65 | 0.068% | 323.5% |
Bangladesh | 130,992.6 | 139,912.8 | 179,555.0 | 268,202.7 | 281,082.1 | 1.62 | 0.523% | 200.9% |
Bulgaria | 91,663.7 | 104,986.5 | 66,755.3 | 65,315.8 | 68,413.5 | 10.00 | 0.127% | 65.2% |
Bahrain | 18,213.1 | 30,224.1 | 43,733.0 | 62,996.5 | 69,976.2 | 39.29 | 0.130% | 231.5% |
Bahamas | 1,586.0 | 1,289.9 | 1,145.1 | 1,675.1 | 1,881.6 | 4.54 | 0.003% | 145.9% |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 16,430.5 | 32,789.9 | 23,248.0 | 31,574.4 | 29,324.0 | 8.41 | 0.055% | 89.4% |
Belarus | 82,257.0 | 137,528.2 | 81,382.1 | 101,400.8 | 99,874.2 | 10.65 | 0.186% | 72.6% |
Belize | 293.2 | 495.4 | 601.1 | 924.7 | 976.6 | 2.36 | 0.002% | 197.1% |
Bermuda | 164.2 | 273.1 | 209.3 | 298.0 | 353.9 | 5.90 | 0.001% | 129.6% |
Bolivia | 27,433.2 | 31,278.5 | 36,467.9 | 56,609.4 | 58,463.0 | 4.92 | 0.109% | 186.9% |
Brazil | 365,261.1 | 695,638.1 | 1,067,458.9 | 1,298,021.6 | 1,310,498.9 | 6.05 | 2.437% | 188.4% |
Barbados | 544.5 | 858.9 | 887.3 | 856.2 | 928.0 | 3.22 | 0.002% | 108.0% |
Brunei | 3,207.7 | 8,182.6 | 11,465.3 | 13,653.9 | 14,829.4 | 32.66 | 0.028% | 181.2% |
Bhutan | 730.2 | 1,160.8 | 1,852.5 | 2,979.3 | 3,070.9 | 3.60 | 0.006% | 264.6% |
Botswana | 3,456.1 | 9,333.7 | 10,135.8 | 12,131.5 | 12,607.1 | 5.05 | 0.023% | 135.1% |
Central African Republic | 1,810.4 | 7,823.6 | 10,289.0 | 12,325.6 | 13,448.2 | 2.62 | 0.025% | 171.9% |
Canada | 464,159.0 | 582,165.4 | 745,212.1 | 772,896.9 | 756,810.1 | 19.79 | 1.407% | 130.0% |
Switzerland | 51,202.6 | 54,843.5 | 56,335.3 | 49,216.2 | 45,563.8 | 5.18 | 0.085% | 83.1% |
Chile | 51,533.1 | 60,743.3 | 95,547.5 | 128,447.3 | 137,011.2 | 7.31 | 0.255% | 225.6% |
China | 2,142,614.2 | 4,073,563.0 | 8,431,922.0 | 13,710,100.3 | 15,684,626.8 | 10.95 | 29.161% | 385.0% |
Ivory Coast | 6,679.5 | 11,278.4 | 20,283.6 | 31,455.4 | 36,177.2 | 1.32 | 0.067% | 320.8% |
Cameroon | 7,947.9 | 31,266.3 | 32,468.2 | 40,731.0 | 43,171.3 | 1.58 | 0.080% | 138.1% |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | 13,009.6 | 28,575.6 | 30,971.3 | 56,278.8 | 61,635.1 | 0.65 | 0.115% | 215.7% |
Republic of the Congo | 2,540.0 | 11,465.8 | 20,723.1 | 22,759.2 | 25,962.4 | 4.34 | 0.048% | 226.4% |
Cook Islands | 27.7 | 51.2 | 100.4 | 130.8 | 118.2 | 6.96 | 0.000% | 231.2% |
Colombia | 87,114.0 | 139,103.6 | 164,779.9 | 193,581.5 | 215,537.4 | 4.23 | 0.401% | 154.9% |
Comoros | 239.9 | 343.1 | 535.7 | 777.1 | 922.1 | 1.02 | 0.002% | 268.8% |
Cape Verde | 249.1 | 229.5 | 858.9 | 1,108.2 | 1,303.3 | 2.24 | 0.002% | 567.9% |
Costa Rica | 5,992.2 | 10,004.7 | 12,441.3 | 16,056.3 | 16,861.4 | 3.29 | 0.031% | 168.5% |
Cuba | 46,962.8 | 63,546.9 | 46,032.7 | 47,552.6 | 44,376.6 | 3.86 | 0.083% | 69.8% |
Cayman Islands | 30.1 | 122.6 | 162.0 | 291.0 | 344.8 | 5.31 | 0.001% | 281.2% |
Cyprus | 2,942.0 | 5,548.3 | 9,178.7 | 9,196.8 | 10,629.9 | 8.68 | 0.020% | 191.6% |
Czech Republic | 216,877.1 | 197,202.5 | 151,150.6 | 133,490.3 | 124,495.1 | 11.71 | 0.231% | 63.1% |
Germany | 1,322,146.9 | 1,235,234.5 | 983,712.9 | 893,939.6 | 784,004.6 | 9.49 | 1.458% | 63.5% |
Djibouti | 998.4 | 1,892.8 | 1,968.3 | 2,027.4 | 2,232.3 | 2.17 | 0.004% | 117.9% |
Dominica | 39.6 | 87.2 | 128.0 | 140.5 | 147.4 | 1.97 | 0.000% | 169.0% |
Denmark | 80,430.4 | 69,457.6 | 67,257.0 | 49,838.8 | 45,795.2 | 7.84 | 0.085% | 65.9% |
Dominican Republic | 10,231.5 | 18,067.1 | 30,905.6 | 40,279.2 | 41,858.5 | 3.70 | 0.078% | 231.7% |
Algeria | 57,099.8 | 145,886.9 | 188,337.6 | 264,905.6 | 284,445.1 | 6.38 | 0.529% | 195.0% |
Ecuador | 14,207.5 | 38,508.7 | 56,604.8 | 70,234.3 | 76,943.7 | 4.32 | 0.143% | 199.8% |
Egypt | 62,238.6 | 153,020.6 | 278,860.0 | 378,645.0 | 377,780.1 | 3.55 | 0.702% | 246.9% |
Eritrea | 4,173.6 | 4,832.3 | 5,763.3 | 6,528.0 | 6,951.9 | 1.22 | 0.013% | 143.9% |
Western Sahara | 107.9 | 240.6 | 456.1 | 448.6 | 490.4 | 0.78 | 0.001% | 203.8% |
Spain | 192,859.1 | 300,269.0 | 455,616.4 | 357,474.6 | 328,591.0 | 7.08 | 0.611% | 109.4% |
Estonia | 20,225.6 | 43,093.4 | 22,733.5 | 25,319.7 | 13,809.3 | 10.68 | 0.026% | 32.0% |
Ethiopia | 54,131.4 | 66,228.5 | 95,212.0 | 156,161.2 | 192,474.0 | 1.63 | 0.358% | 290.6% |
Finland | 66,615.5 | 85,557.8 | 87,451.9 | 66,912.5 | 54,805.0 | 9.76 | 0.102% | 64.1% |
Fiji | 1,442.6 | 2,195.4 | 3,296.9 | 2,869.0 | 2,982.3 | 3.19 | 0.006% | 135.8% |
Falkland Islands | 3.8 | 7.0 | 12.5 | 18.6 | 25.0 | 8.35 | 0.000% | 355.3% |
France | 637,749.4 | 535,186.8 | 546,469.6 | 469,611.9 | 430,363.3 | 6.50 | 0.800% | 80.4% |
Faroe Islands | 46.3 | 48.4 | 49.7 | 50.7 | 51.0 | 1.00 | 0.000% | 105.4% |
Gabon | 6,818.1 | 20,391.3 | 26,339.3 | 19,892.2 | 18,626.7 | 8.32 | 0.035% | 91.3% |
United Kingdom | 880,219.7 | 786,212.3 | 681,822.8 | 470,745.3 | 426,562.1 | 6.27 | 0.793% | 54.3% |
Georgia | 29,319.2 | 42,124.3 | 11,260.5 | 17,047.8 | 18,045.8 | 4.66 | 0.034% | 42.8% |
Ghana | 7,575.5 | 11,319.4 | 19,310.7 | 40,516.7 | 53,007.3 | 1.66 | 0.099% | 468.3% |
Gibraltar | 82.6 | 159.8 | 428.4 | 677.7 | 689.0 | 19.68 | 0.001% | 431.1% |
Guinea | 5,172.0 | 7,901.2 | 13,781.2 | 25,208.1 | 29,280.4 | 2.02 | 0.054% | 370.6% |
Guadeloupe | 459.1 | 959.3 | 991.5 | 1,191.2 | 1,260.1 | 2.81 | 0.002% | 131.3% |
Gambia | 731.7 | 972.9 | 1,530.0 | 2,120.5 | 2,343.5 | 0.97 | 0.004% | 240.9% |
Guinea-Bissau | 844.5 | 1,663.5 | 2,182.3 | 2,933.5 | 3,243.3 | 1.55 | 0.006% | 195.0% |
Equatorial Guinea | 115.0 | 182.3 | 17,072.8 | 16,576.5 | 11,551.9 | 7.71 | 0.021% | 6,336.7% |
Greece | 45,373.4 | 99,514.3 | 128,975.6 | 89,820.1 | 76,031.2 | 6.88 | 0.141% | 76.4% |
Grenada | 63.5 | 101.1 | 128.2 | 184.8 | 194.1 | 1.75 | 0.000% | 191.9% |
Greenland | 52.1 | 65.2 | 694.0 | 582.8 | 539.5 | 9.47 | 0.001% | 827.1% |
Guatemala | 8,950.6 | 14,150.7 | 27,402.9 | 39,327.6 | 45,018.3 | 2.42 | 0.084% | 318.1% |
French Guiana | 121.0 | 371.5 | 360.9 | 557.9 | 585.5 | 1.84 | 0.001% | 157.6% |
Guyana | 5,098.6 | 3,849.2 | 4,447.1 | 5,991.5 | 7,791.0 | 9.75 | 0.014% | 202.4% |
Hong Kong | 12,084.0 | 39,973.7 | 48,363.5 | 50,499.7 | 39,140.1 | 5.12 | 0.073% | 97.9% |
Honduras | 6,044.0 | 9,652.8 | 16,526.5 | 21,461.3 | 23,744.8 | 2.37 | 0.044% | 246.0% |
Croatia | 28,751.2 | 34,067.6 | 30,005.8 | 26,537.8 | 24,177.8 | 5.94 | 0.045% | 71.0% |
Haiti | 6,441.0 | 7,925.3 | 11,250.6 | 14,850.2 | 14,874.1 | 1.28 | 0.028% | 187.7% |
Hungary | 91,797.8 | 96,780.9 | 80,244.1 | 71,451.9 | 66,207.6 | 6.93 | 0.123% | 68.4% |
Indonesia | 217,887.6 | 427,655.1 | 694,313.9 | 1,019,775.1 | 1,240,832.6 | 4.47 | 2.307% | 290.1% |
India | 817,874.6 | 1,436,580.6 | 2,203,100.2 | 3,590,031.5 | 3,943,264.6 | 2.79 | 7.331% | 274.5% |
Ireland | 40,003.1 | 57,591.4 | 75,339.4 | 66,621.6 | 62,419.1 | 12.58 | 0.116% | 108.4% |
Iran | 212,904.4 | 332,763.0 | 683,556.5 | 937,917.3 | 951,983.7 | 11.20 | 1.770% | 286.1% |
Iraq | 100,560.3 | 169,632.3 | 163,848.9 | 330,746.9 | 367,941.1 | 8.41 | 0.684% | 216.9% |
Iceland | 3,228.7 | 4,427.6 | 4,266.4 | 4,590.7 | 4,768.2 | 13.70 | 0.009% | 107.7% |
Israel | 72,897.9 | 42,692.9 | 73,940.7 | 87,727.6 | 87,753.7 | 6.02 | 0.163% | 205.5% |
Italy | 395,944.8 | 513,737.9 | 580,426.5 | 422,796.1 | 394,747.9 | 6.70 | 0.734% | 76.8% |
Jamaica | 9,414.9 | 9,289.7 | 12,598.5 | 8,921.5 | 7,706.8 | 2.64 | 0.014% | 83.0% |
Jordan | 3,730.4 | 12,541.8 | 25,593.4 | 35,693.8 | 34,539.2 | 3.32 | 0.064% | 275.4% |
Japan | 1,022,184.8 | 1,321,807.7 | 1,402,607.5 | 1,306,923.4 | 1,182,769.9 | 9.41 | 2.199% | 89.5% |
Kazakhstan | 259,461.0 | 349,540.7 | 243,168.7 | 308,907.7 | 331,530.2 | 17.33 | 0.616% | 94.8% |
Kenya | 24,912.4 | 42,674.8 | 59,858.5 | 96,050.0 | 117,894.8 | 2.10 | 0.219% | 276.3% |
Kyrgyzstan | 20,060.8 | 33,702.7 | 12,045.1 | 20,101.6 | 21,939.6 | 3.40 | 0.041% | 65.1% |
Cambodia | 26,301.0 | 20,264.9 | 28,923.5 | 42,488.5 | 50,016.3 | 2.91 | 0.093% | 246.8% |
Kiribati | 27.2 | 35.1 | 90.9 | 113.7 | 110.0 | 0.87 | 0.000% | 313.3% |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 65.4 | 66.4 | 111.4 | 144.3 | 153.3 | 2.64 | 0.000% | 231.0% |
South Korea | 103,319.8 | 330,373.9 | 582,519.8 | 745,547.3 | 725,743.6 | 14.01 | 1.349% | 219.7% |
Kuwait | 73,341.8 | 49,868.2 | 117,473.3 | 144,112.3 | 167,862.0 | 37.96 | 0.312% | 336.6% |
Laos | 7,219.9 | 8,240.3 | 11,735.9 | 34,185.9 | 36,861.5 | 5.01 | 0.069% | 447.3% |
Lebanon | 6,966.9 | 8,059.7 | 20,980.5 | 36,324.7 | 31,926.8 | 5.43 | 0.059% | 396.1% |
Liberia | 1,669.0 | 1,790.4 | 2,697.3 | 4,370.3 | 5,311.2 | 0.99 | 0.010% | 296.6% |
Libya | 131,650.6 | 86,632.3 | 105,179.5 | 85,377.1 | 104,513.9 | 15.32 | 0.194% | 120.6% |
Saint Lucia | 92.1 | 163.6 | 240.8 | 338.4 | 433.4 | 2.37 | 0.001% | 264.9% |
Sri Lanka | 20,512.1 | 23,102.8 | 32,333.9 | 40,768.9 | 38,804.5 | 1.83 | 0.072% | 168.0% |
Lesotho | 1,975.0 | 2,206.8 | 2,830.3 | 3,055.4 | 3,023.1 | 1.27 | 0.006% | 137.0% |
Lithuania | 28,548.4 | 46,631.4 | 21,676.3 | 23,042.3 | 20,846.9 | 7.37 | 0.039% | 44.7% |
Luxembourg | 19,249.8 | 12,669.8 | 13,072.2 | 10,147.7 | 8,475.6 | 13.69 | 0.016% | 66.9% |
Latvia | 18,089.7 | 27,266.5 | 11,742.4 | 11,813.6 | 11,107.8 | 5.98 | 0.021% | 40.7% |
Macau | 361.4 | 1,010.9 | 2,303.7 | 3,366.2 | 2,414.1 | 3.59 | 0.004% | 238.8% |
Morocco | 24,016.5 | 45,249.7 | 74,237.8 | 102,365.0 | 114,770.7 | 3.03 | 0.213% | 253.6% |
Moldova | 20,872.4 | 37,447.1 | 11,180.6 | 11,870.3 | 12,320.3 | 3.09 | 0.023% | 32.9% |
Madagascar | 20,981.5 | 25,245.0 | 28,168.0 | 34,371.9 | 34,979.8 | 1.20 | 0.065% | 138.6% |
Maldives | 31.6 | 152.5 | 845.1 | 2,085.4 | 2,424.3 | 5.14 | 0.005% | 1,589.8% |
Mexico | 217,975.3 | 466,419.2 | 707,979.7 | 802,741.6 | 819,872.9 | 5.99 | 1.524% | 175.8% |
North Macedonia | 12,307.4 | 14,468.7 | 12,439.6 | 10,801.8 | 11,183.8 | 5.35 | 0.021% | 77.3% |
Mali | 12,192.6 | 13,389.4 | 22,415.4 | 41,132.6 | 49,383.2 | 2.30 | 0.092% | 368.8% |
Malta | 791.6 | 2,489.8 | 2,921.9 | 2,013.7 | 2,178.2 | 5.00 | 0.004% | 87.5% |
Myanmar | 71,740.5 | 72,767.1 | 111,059.6 | 157,469.5 | 169,386.9 | 3.04 | 0.315% | 232.8% |
Mongolia | 15,872.6 | 25,924.4 | 25,063.6 | 62,660.4 | 62,790.3 | 19.07 | 0.117% | 242.2% |
Mozambique | 10,296.9 | 10,380.5 | 17,947.2 | 35,740.8 | 40,072.1 | 1.17 | 0.075% | 386.0% |
Mauritania | 5,695.1 | 6,649.8 | 10,404.5 | 14,679.7 | 16,669.9 | 3.31 | 0.031% | 250.7% |
Martinique | 407.0 | 919.0 | 875.0 | 1,055.1 | 1,078.4 | 2.80 | 0.002% | 117.3% |
Mauritius | 902.8 | 1,977.8 | 3,840.5 | 6,054.2 | 6,409.0 | 5.01 | 0.012% | 324.0% |
Malawi | 2,739.2 | 6,396.9 | 9,735.5 | 16,290.1 | 20,919.5 | 0.98 | 0.039% | 327.0% |
Malaysia | 33,132.5 | 94,791.5 | 246,078.1 | 307,934.5 | 353,917.4 | 10.50 | 0.658% | 373.4% |
Namibia | 6,544.3 | 6,638.4 | 10,697.0 | 12,459.3 | 13,102.8 | 4.67 | 0.024% | 197.4% |
New Caledonia | 1,352.8 | 1,908.7 | 3,143.2 | 5,331.1 | 5,687.9 | 19.35 | 0.011% | 298.0% |
Niger | 11,310.6 | 11,678.8 | 21,581.4 | 34,528.6 | 43,240.1 | 1.66 | 0.080% | 370.2% |
Nigeria | 186,683.3 | 287,313.9 | 399,978.8 | 408,751.0 | 407,690.2 | 1.88 | 0.758% | 141.9% |
Nicaragua | 9,224.9 | 10,614.4 | 14,979.9 | 19,978.2 | 21,025.2 | 3.21 | 0.039% | 198.1% |
Netherlands | 182,391.7 | 228,342.4 | 226,131.5 | 206,269.3 | 167,847.4 | 9.72 | 0.312% | 73.5% |
Norway | 55,200.6 | 62,914.1 | 74,509.0 | 73,862.4 | 69,965.5 | 12.60 | 0.130% | 111.2% |
Nepal | 25,311.8 | 31,605.0 | 37,509.2 | 53,401.3 | 56,735.1 | 1.84 | 0.105% | 179.5% |
New Zealand | 57,277.4 | 70,544.4 | 88,081.8 | 87,974.5 | 82,720.4 | 16.83 | 0.154% | 117.3% |
Oman | 14,172.4 | 33,464.8 | 66,647.8 | 121,262.1 | 137,243.7 | 25.59 | 0.255% | 410.1% |
Pakistan | 104,993.5 | 215,032.9 | 351,128.7 | 512,766.2 | 546,099.3 | 2.53 | 1.015% | 254.0% |
Panama | 6,381.2 | 7,365.9 | 12,934.9 | 16,749.0 | 18,477.6 | 4.19 | 0.034% | 250.9% |
Peru | 39,375.9 | 47,003.3 | 66,338.5 | 96,521.1 | 105,139.4 | 3.09 | 0.195% | 223.7% |
Philippines | 90,673.0 | 109,812.4 | 162,958.0 | 239,385.7 | 265,295.9 | 2.35 | 0.493% | 241.6% |
Palau | 2,149.7 | 2,326.2 | 1,841.1 | 1,255.3 | 1,418.1 | 61.65 | 0.003% | 61.0% |
Papua New Guinea | 1,855.5 | 3,848.0 | 9,572.3 | 11,822.6 | 9,096.8 | 1.00 | 0.017% | 236.4% |
Poland | 486,545.0 | 514,613.2 | 412,029.3 | 413,802.9 | 400,823.8 | 10.62 | 0.745% | 77.9% |
Puerto Rico | 30,654.0 | 21,711.0 | 28,585.5 | 13,997.8 | 15,264.6 | 4.19 | 0.028% | 70.3% |
North Korea | 100,088.1 | 169,836.3 | 113,563.2 | 83,986.8 | 81,292.5 | 3.12 | 0.151% | 47.9% |
Portugal | 29,951.0 | 59,464.8 | 84,117.7 | 72,188.8 | 59,712.5 | 5.88 | 0.111% | 100.4% |
Paraguay | 10,660.8 | 21,379.8 | 26,632.5 | 43,237.1 | 45,565.3 | 6.30 | 0.085% | 213.1% |
French Polynesia | 213.1 | 960.6 | 1,150.1 | 1,189.0 | 1,122.1 | 3.82 | 0.002% | 116.8% |
Qatar | 24,294.5 | 29,080.7 | 83,445.5 | 190,788.4 | 194,652.1 | 67.38 | 0.362% | 669.4% |
Réunion | 492.2 | 1,163.1 | 2,757.1 | 3,056.7 | 3,147.2 | 3.46 | 0.006% | 270.6% |
Romania | 180,720.4 | 245,773.6 | 140,123.3 | 121,013.0 | 117,061.0 | 6.10 | 0.218% | 47.6% |
Russia | 1,910,915.8 | 3,053,150.2 | 2,221,772.8 | 2,339,248.0 | 2,579,798.1 | 17.99 | 4.796% | 84.5% |
Rwanda | 4,348.3 | 6,219.8 | 5,541.3 | 8,107.1 | 9,031.8 | 0.66 | 0.017% | 145.2% |
Saudi Arabia | 76,320.0 | 238,391.2 | 466,493.6 | 774,572.6 | 810,511.6 | 22.64 | 1.507% | 340.0% |
Serbia and Montenegro | 46,143.1 | 85,526.3 | 76,987.7 | 71,887.6 | 69,945.0 | 7.54 | 0.130% | 81.8% |
Sudan | 38,913.6 | 62,644.9 | 116,451.2 | 137,089.8 | 146,955.4 | 2.42 | 0.273% | 234.6% |
Senegal | 8,020.5 | 10,461.7 | 16,956.3 | 25,916.8 | 30,614.5 | 1.69 | 0.057% | 292.6% |
Singapore | 7,648.1 | 34,203.2 | 51,214.0 | 70,398.0 | 70,469.5 | 11.67 | 0.131% | 206.0% |
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha | 3.9 | 10.9 | 11.4 | 18.6 | 20.3 | 5.08 | 0.000% | 186.6% |
Solomon Islands | 137.1 | 272.5 | 491.6 | 587.0 | 593.8 | 0.88 | 0.001% | 217.9% |
Sierra Leone | 3,206.2 | 4,069.3 | 5,002.0 | 7,007.8 | 7,123.1 | 0.85 | 0.013% | 175.0% |
El Salvador | 5,963.3 | 7,777.1 | 13,029.3 | 11,956.5 | 13,073.9 | 2.00 | 0.024% | 168.1% |
Somalia | 18,707.2 | 25,345.4 | 30,342.4 | 30,973.5 | 33,358.2 | 1.95 | 0.062% | 131.6% |
Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 41.7 | 93.9 | 28.2 | 41.1 | 44.1 | 6.30 | 0.000% | 47.0% |
São Tomé and Príncipe | 40.8 | 86.6 | 159.5 | 235.3 | 262.4 | 1.16 | 0.000% | 302.9% |
Suriname | 2,075.4 | 1,922.3 | 2,648.0 | 3,647.6 | 4,500.3 | 7.67 | 0.008% | 234.1% |
Slovakia | 57,919.2 | 74,712.0 | 52,151.8 | 47,439.5 | 45,564.2 | 8.36 | 0.085% | 61.0% |
Slovenia | 14,808.8 | 21,426.1 | 23,667.6 | 20,091.2 | 18,275.8 | 8.78 | 0.034% | 85.3% |
Sweden | 116,237.4 | 79,214.7 | 81,440.1 | 66,114.4 | 60,636.8 | 5.91 | 0.113% | 76.5% |
Eswatini | 1,896.5 | 3,345.0 | 3,369.5 | 3,089.8 | 3,386.9 | 2.28 | 0.006% | 101.3% |
Seychelles | 135.4 | 330.3 | 1,051.0 | 1,188.0 | 1,199.4 | 12.36 | 0.002% | 363.1% |
Syria | 15,921.6 | 64,097.8 | 89,637.4 | 44,949.1 | 46,311.8 | 2.26 | 0.086% | 72.3% |
Turks and Caicos Islands | 5.2 | 10.7 | 44.3 | 95.2 | 100.7 | 2.65 | 0.000% | 941.7% |
Chad | 9,097.3 | 11,136.4 | 36,548.1 | 70,226.4 | 89,837.3 | 5.21 | 0.167% | 806.7% |
Togo | 1,995.3 | 3,568.7 | 6,063.7 | 8,914.3 | 11,087.6 | 1.26 | 0.021% | 310.7% |
Thailand | 120,386.0 | 221,898.5 | 381,183.0 | 449,459.5 | 463,874.7 | 6.67 | 0.862% | 209.0% |
Tajikistan | 13,292.8 | 22,325.1 | 12,080.8 | 18,351.3 | 22,833.6 | 2.32 | 0.042% | 102.3% |
Turkmenistan | 45,078.1 | 86,640.9 | 100,266.1 | 123,127.1 | 128,919.2 | 20.80 | 0.240% | 148.8% |
Timor-Leste | 715.3 | 595.1 | 2,041.0 | 3,135.5 | 2,475.7 | 1.72 | 0.005% | 416.0% |
Tonga | 79.0 | 189.2 | 237.8 | 296.1 | 284.1 | 2.51 | 0.001% | 150.2% |
Trinidad and Tobago | 9,436.7 | 18,193.6 | 51,840.4 | 50,988.6 | 45,910.9 | 33.27 | 0.085% | 252.3% |
Tunisia | 10,853.5 | 23,923.2 | 36,498.6 | 43,521.0 | 49,820.1 | 4.11 | 0.093% | 208.3% |
Turkey | 102,477.4 | 228,085.7 | 336,515.3 | 597,556.5 | 687,526.3 | 8.09 | 1.278% | 301.4% |
Taiwan | 54,468.2 | 140,576.5 | 332,140.0 | 319,322.7 | 307,682.3 | 12.86 | 0.572% | 218.9% |
Tanzania | 21,126.2 | 31,170.0 | 50,948.7 | 77,561.5 | 89,378.4 | 1.34 | 0.166% | 286.7% |
Uganda | 13,213.2 | 18,452.4 | 28,496.1 | 46,922.5 | 56,490.4 | 1.12 | 0.105% | 306.1% |
Ukraine | 651,144.0 | 952,140.0 | 444,000.5 | 280,727.8 | 208,606.9 | 4.84 | 0.388% | 21.9% |
Uruguay | 29,122.0 | 29,648.8 | 38,125.1 | 41,091.9 | 41,907.8 | 11.91 | 0.078% | 141.3% |
United States | 5,750,029.6 | 6,163,741.6 | 7,101,881.2 | 6,110,706.4 | 6,017,443.0 | 17.90 | 11.188% | 97.6% |
Uzbekistan | 109,995.2 | 177,173.0 | 191,579.3 | 203,018.8 | 227,206.7 | 6.67 | 0.422% | 128.2% |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 55.7 | 87.9 | 127.8 | 170.9 | 154.6 | 1.39 | 0.000% | 175.8% |
Venezuela | 100,657.7 | 166,754.7 | 247,491.0 | 233,864.8 | 169,517.1 | 4.99 | 0.315% | 101.7% |
British Virgin Islands | 9.2 | 21.3 | 41.7 | 71.6 | 75.4 | 2.28 | 0.000% | 354.1% |
Vietnam | 94,250.8 | 112,020.8 | 239,899.9 | 386,338.2 | 489,159.2 | 4.88 | 0.909% | 436.7% |
Vanuatu | 297.8 | 479.6 | 563.7 | 637.8 | 585.9 | 1.91 | 0.001% | 122.2% |
Samoa | 169.0 | 301.8 | 441.1 | 592.7 | 548.4 | 2.70 | 0.001% | 181.7% |
Yemen | 5,959.3 | 18,241.6 | 45,378.7 | 31,807.1 | 38,006.0 | 1.20 | 0.071% | 208.3% |
South Africa | 243,936.9 | 411,937.7 | 555,478.1 | 602,773.4 | 534,531.7 | 8.91 | 0.994% | 129.8% |
Zambia | 12,784.9 | 16,287.4 | 17,321.1 | 27,241.6 | 30,330.6 | 1.53 | 0.056% | 186.2% |
Zimbabwe | 22,245.8 | 35,256.5 | 28,593.1 | 29,174.9 | 30,190.1 | 1.64 | 0.056% | 85.6% |
GLOBAL TOTAL | 24,497,544 | 33,268,121 | 42,318,429 | 51,195,419 | 53,786,039 | 6.76 | 100% | 161.7% |
World – International Aviation | 171,160.5 | 261,804.5 | 423,309.1 | 591,079.3 | 425,963.7 | 0.792% | 162.7% | |
World – International Shipping | 375,583.6 | 394,750.8 | 607,269.9 | 747,849.1 | 750,699.3 | 1.396% | 190.2% |
Notes
- Greenhouse gases(GHG) constitute a group of gases contributing to global warming and climate change.
The Kyoto Protocol, an environmental agreement adopted by many of the parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1997 to curb global warming, nowadays covers seven greenhouse gases:- the non-fluorinated gases:
- carbon dioxide (CO2),
- methane (CH4),
- nitrous oxide (N2O),
- the fluorinated gases:
- hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs),
- perfluorocarbons (PFCs),
- sulphur hexafluoride (SF6),
- nitrogen trifluoride (NF3).
- the non-fluorinated gases:
- land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF), consequently, the exchange of CO2 (carbon cycle) between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere is altered.[4]
References
- ^ "Greenhouse gas emissions". ourworldindata.org. Our World in Data. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ^ "Annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region, 1850 to 2021". ourworldindata.org. Our World in Data. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ^ "Total greenhouse gas emissions per capita". ourworldindata.org. Our World in Data. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ^ a b c d United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. "Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF)". unfccc.int. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ^ Global Carbon Project (2022) Supplemental data of Global Carbon Budget 2022 (Version 1.0) [Data set]. Global Carbon Project. https://doi.org/10.18160/gcp-2022
- ^ "Per capita greenhouse gas emissions". Our World in Data. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ^ "China's Emissions: More Than U.S. Plus Europe, and Still Rising". The New York Times. 2018-01-25.
- ^ "Chinese coal fuels rise in global carbon emissions". The Times. 2017-11-14. Retrieved 2023-09-22.
- ^ PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency. "China now no. 1 in CO2 emissions; USA in second position". pbl.nl. Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving , nl. Archived from the original on 2014-08-15.
- ^ Roser, Max; Ritchie, Hannah (11 May 2017). "CO2 and other Greenhouse Gas Emissions". Our World in Data. Archived from the original on 4 July 2019.
- ^ Ritchie, Hannah; Roser, Max. "Per capita CO2 emissions". Our World in Data. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ^ a b c d Joint Research Centre (2023). "GHG emissions of all world countries". EDGAR – Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ^ Ritchie, Hannah; Roser, Max. "Consumption-based (trade-adjusted) emissions". Our World in Data. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ISBN 978-92-9169-158-6.
- ^ Klugman, Cornelia. "The EU, a world leader in fighting climate change". European Parliament Think Tank. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
See also
- List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions per capita
- List of countries by carbon intensity of GDP
- List of countries by renewable electricity production
- List of countries by greenhouse gas emissions per person
- Top contributors to greenhouse gas emissions
- United Nations | Sustainable Development Goal 13 – Climate action
External links
- UN Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform – The SDGs
- GHG data from UNFCCC – United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions data
- Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent) – World Bank
- CO2 emissions in metric tons per capita – Google Public Data Explorer