Foreign relations of South Korea

Page semi-protected
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Politics of South Korea
Government
Legislature
Executive
  • Yoon Suk-yeol (P
    )


Prime Minister of South Korea
Han Duck-soo (I)

Judiciary
  • Jo Hee-de

Constitutional Court of Korea
President Lee Jong-seok
Elections
Political parties
Korean conflict
flag South Korea portal
Participants of the 2010 G20 Seoul summit gather for a conventional "family photo".
United States, Japan, and South Korean leaders meet at G7 meeting

IAAF World Championships Daegu South Korea. Furthermore, South Korea had hosted the 2018 Winter Olympics which took place in Pyeongchang
, South Korea from 9 to 25 February.

South Korea is a member of the

APEC) and the East Asia Summit
.

On January 1, 2007,

UN Secretary-General
, serving in that post until December 31, 2016.

International organization participation

Foreign policy

See also: Indo-Pacific Strategy of South Korea
Indo-Pacific

South Korea's Indo-Pacific strategy is a comprehensive strategy that encompasses the economic and security spheres of Indo-Pacific countries. Announcing the strategy, the country said, "While strengthening the rules-based International order, which is conducive to a stable and prosperous Indo-Pacific, we will work towards a regional order that enables a diverse set of nations to cooperate and prosper together."[1]

Free trade agreements

See also:
South Korea free trade agreements
  South Korea
  Free-trade areas

South Korea has the following trade agreements:[2]

  • South Korea-ASEAN (Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam) FTA
  • South Korea-Australia FTA
  • South Korea-
    CKFTA
    FTA
  • South Korea Central America (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama) FTA
  • South Korea-Chile FTA
  • South Korea-China FTA
  • South Korea-Colombia FTA
  • South Korea-
    EFTA
    (Iceland, Lichtenstein, Norway, Switzerland) FTA
  • South Korea-
    EU
    (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, UK) FTA
  • South Korea-India CEPA FTA
  • South Korea-Indonesia
  • South Korea-Israel
  • South Korea-New Zealand FTA
  • South Korea-Peru FTA
  • South Korea-RCEP (Australia, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam)
  • South Korea-Singapore FTA
  • South Korea-Turkey FTA
  • South Korea-United Kingdom FTA
  • South Korea-
    KORUS FTA
    )
  • South Korea-Vietnam FTA[3][4]

As of late 2021 states of

SACU (South Asia Cooperation Union) and South Korea-China-Japan[5] are in negotiations about the FTA with South Korea.[6]

Asia

China (PRC)

Main article: China–South Korea relations
Countries which signed cooperation documents related to the Belt and Road Initiative

Active South Korean-Chinese people-to-people contacts have been encouraged. Academics, journalists and particularly families divided between South Korea and the

Jilin Province of Northeast China
have interacted with South Koreans.

Trade between the two countries continued to increase nonetheless, Furthermore, China has attempted to mediate between North Korea and the United States, and between North Korea and Japan. China also initiated and promoted tripartite talks between North Korea, South Korea and the U.S.

South Korea had long been an ally of Taiwan. Diplomatic ties between Seoul and Taipei were nevertheless severed in 1992. Formal diplomatic relations were established between Seoul and Beijing on August 24, 1992.

In 2004 the PRC government began the

Northeast Project, sparking a massive uproar in South Korea when the project was widely publicized.[7]

After the

trade surplus with China which hit a record US$32.5 billion in 2009.[9][10]

Taiwan (ROC)

Main article: South Korea–Taiwan relations

On 23 August 1992, the

governments have been "in a rut".[11]

Japan

Main article: Japan–South Korea relations
See also: History of Japan–Korea relations and Japan–Korea disputes
There is an ongoing dispute between Japan and South Korea over the sovereignty of the Liancourt Rocks

The relation between South Korea and

Dokdo of the island
Korea.

On January 18, 1952, The first president of South Korea

Syngman Rhee line). Subsequently, some 3,000 Japanese fishermen who conducted fishery operations in this vicinity were captured. This incident, called the Dai Ichi Daihoumaru Ship case
strained relations between South Korea and Japan.

June 22, 1965, The president in South Korea

Korean Peninsula
.

South Korea's trade with Japan was US$892.1 million in 2008, with a surplus of nearly US$327.1 million on the Japanese side.[12] Japanese and South Koreans firms often had interdependent relations, which gave Japan advantages in South Korea's growing market.

In 1996 FIFA announced that the South Korea-Japan would jointly host the 2002 FIFA World Cup. The next few years would see leaders of both countries meet to warm relations in preparations for the games.[13] The year 2005 was designated as the "Japan-South Korea Friendship Year".

However, the Liancourt Rocks controversy erupted again when Japan's Shimane Prefecture declared "Takeshima Day", inciting mass demonstrations in South Korea.[14]

Mongolia

Main article: Mongolia–South Korea relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on March 26, 1990. South Korea has an embassy in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.[15] Mongolia has an embassy in Seoul.[16]

Philippines

Main article:
Philippines-South Korea relations

Since the establishment of diplomatic ties on 3 March 1949, the relationship between the

communist North during the Korean War
in the 1950s. After the war, the Philippines provided development assistance to South Korea and helped the country rebuild itself.

Since then, the Philippines's relations with South Korea have evolved with South Korea becoming one of the Philippines's most important bilateral partners aside from the United States, China and Japan. The Philippines's government seeks to cultivate strategic ties with South Korea given its increasing presence in the country. In the coming years, the Philippines anticipates to benefit from exploring unprecedented opportunities from South Korea that shall contribute significantly to the country's trade and economy, defense and security, and society and culture.

Vietnam

Main article: South Korea–Vietnam relations

The relationship between these two

LG.[17][18]

In December 2022, the two nations have elevated their ties to

denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula (mentioning North Korea) and South Korea's support on Vietnam's attitude towards the stability and freedom of navigation of the South China Sea.[19] Vietnam is also an important partner of South Korea to exercise its Indo-Pacific strategy and the insight to strengthen South Korea's relationship with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. It is said that Vietnam can be a "bridge" or "ambassador" representing South Korea's influence to the Southeast Asia region.[20]

In the state visit of the

Vietnamese President Nguyễn Xuân Phúc as "my very first national guest" (referring the fact that his Vietnamese counterpart was the first head of state to visit South Korea during his terms), and also saying that the people of Vietnam and South Korea are "close brothers".[21]

North Korea

Main article: North Korea–South Korea relations
See also:
Inter-Korean summit, June 15th North–South Joint Declaration, and Sunshine Policy

Inter-Korean relations may be divided into five periods. The first stage was between 1972 and 1973; the second stage was

Inter-Korean summit
.

The possibility of Korean reunification has remained a prominent topic. However, no peace treaty has yet been signed with the North. In June 2000, a historic first North Korea-South Korea summit took place, part of the South Korea's continuing Sunshine Policy of engagement. Since then, regular contacts have led to a cautious thaw. President Kim was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2000 for the policy.

With that policy, continued by the following administration of president Roh Moo-hyun, economic ties between the two countries have increased, humanitarian aid has been sent to North Korea and some divided families have been briefly reunited. Military ties remain fraught with tension, however, and in 2002 a brief naval skirmish left four South Korean sailors dead, leaving the future of the Sunshine policy uncertain. The North Korea cut off talks but the South remained committed to the policy of reconciliation and relations began to thaw again. The resurgence of the nuclear issue two years later would again cast relations in doubt, but South Korea has sought to play the role of intermediary rather than antagonist, and economic ties at the time seemed to be growing again.

Despite the Sunshine Policy and efforts at reconciliation, the progress was complicated by

the United States not to interfere with a satellite launch it had planned.[24]
As of 2009 North Korea and South Korea are still opposed and share a heavily fortified border.[25]

On May 27, 2009, North Korea media declared that the armistice is no longer valid due to the South Korean government's pledge to "definitely join" the Proliferation Security Initiative. To further complicate and intensify strains between the two nations, the sinking of the South Korean warship Cheonan in March 2010, killing 46 seamen, is as of May 20, 2010 claimed by a team of researchers around the world[26] to have been caused by a North Korean torpedo, which the North denies. South Korea agreed with the findings from the research group and president Lee Myung-bak declared in May 2010 that Seoul would cut all trade with North Korea as part of measures primarily aimed at striking back at North Korea diplomatically and financially.[27] As a result of this, North Korea severed all ties and completely abrogated the previous pact of non aggression.[28]

In November 2010, the Unification Ministry officially declared the Sunshine Policy a failure, thus bringing the policy to an end.

shelled Yeonpyeong with dozens of rounds at Yeonpyeong-ri and the surrounding area.[31]

Kim Jong-un and South Korean President Moon Jae-in during the 2018 inter-Korean summit
.

According to a 2013

Democratic People's Republic of Korea's influence positively, with 91% expressing a negative view.[32] A 2015 government-sponsored poll revealed that 41% of South Koreans consider North Korea to be an enemy, with negative views being more prevalent among younger respondents.[33] Still, in a 2017 poll, 58% of South Koreans said they don't expect another war to break out with North Korea.[34]

Europe

Russia

Main article:
Russia-South Korea relations
The Kremlin
.

In the 1980s South Korean president

Asia-Pacific region including South Korea as explained in his July 1986 Vladivostok and August 1988 Krasnoyarsk
speeches.

In initiating

Gorbachev in San Francisco
, United States.

South Korea and the

Russian Federation on December 27, 1991. Russian president Vladimir Putin visited Seoul in February 2001 while South Korean president Roh Moo-hyun visited Moscow Russia in September 2004.[35][36]

Yi So-Yeon became the first South Korean national as well as the third woman to be the first national in space on 8 April 2008 when Soyuz TMA-12 departed from Baikonur Cosmodrome.[37]

Since the 1990s there has been greater trade and cooperation between the Russian Federation and South Korea. The total trade volume between South Korea and Russia in 2003 was 4.2 billion U.S. dollars.[38]

United Kingdom

Main article:
United Kingdom-South Korea relations

The establishment of diplomatic relations between the United Kingdom and South Korea began on 18 January 1949.

Visits from South Korea to the United Kingdom:

From the United Kingdom to South Korea:

European Union

Main article: South Korea–European Union relations

The European Union (EU) and South Korea are important trading partners, having negotiated a free trade agreement for many years since South Korea was designated as a priority FTA partner in 2006. The free trade agreement has been approved in September 2010, following Italy's conditional withdrawal of its veto of the free trade agreement.[40] The compromise made by Italy was that free trade agreement would take provisional effect on July 1, 2011. South Korea is the EU's eighth largest trade partner and the EU has become South Korea's second largest export destination. EU trade with South Korea exceeded €65 billion in 2008 and has enjoyed an annual average growth rate of 7.5% between 2004 and 2008.[41]

The EU has been the single largest foreign investor in South Korea since 1962 and accounted for almost 45% of all FDI inflows into South Korea in 2006. Nevertheless, EU companies have significant problems accessing and operating in South Korea market due to stringent standards and testing requirements for products and services often creating barriers to trade. Both in its regular bilateral contacts with South Korea and through its FTA with South Korea, the EU is seeking to improve this situation.[41]

Americas

United States

Main article: South Korea–United States relations
United States President Barack Obama and Lee walking after a meeting at the Blue House in Seoul in November 2010.

The United States engaged in the decolonization of Korea (mainly in the South, with the Soviet Union engaged in North Korea) from Japan after World War II. After three years of military administration by the United States, the South Korean government was established. Upon the onset of the Korean War, U.S. forces were sent to defend South Korea against invasion by North Korea and later China. Following the Armistice, South Korea and the U.S. agreed to a "Mutual Defense Treaty", under which an attack on either party in the Pacific area would summon a response from both.[42]

In 1968, South Korea obliged the mutual defense treaty, by sending a large combat troop contingent to support the United States in the

U.S. Naval Forces Korea are stationed in South Korea. The two nations have strong economic, diplomatic, and military ties, although they have at times disagreed with regard to policies towards North Korea, and with regard to some of South Korea's industrial activities that involve usage of rocket or nuclear technology. There had also been strong anti-American sentiment during certain periods, which has largely moderated in the modern day.[43]

Since the late 1980s, the country has instead sought to establish an American partnership, which has made the Seoul–Washington relationship subject to severe strains. Trade had become a serious source of friction between the two countries. In 1989, the United States was South Korea's largest and most important trading partner and South Korea was the seventh-largest market for United States goods and the second largest market for its agricultural products.

From

Republic of Korea-United States Free Trade Agreement
(KORUS FTA) was reportedly signed between South Korea and the United States, but its formal implementation has been repeatedly delayed, pending further approval by the legislative bodies of the two countries.

The relations between the United States and South Korea have greatly strengthened under the

2009 G-20 London summit, U.S. President Barack Obama called South Korea "one of America's closest allies and greatest friends."[44]

South Korean President Moon Jae-in with U.S. President Donald Trump in November 2017

However, some

anti-American sentiment in South Korea still exists; the United States' alleged role in the May 1980 Gwangju uprising was a pressing South Korean political issue of the 1980s. Even after a decade, some Gwangju citizens and other South Koreans still blamed the United States for its perceived involvement in the bloody uprising. In 2008, the protests against U.S. beef
was a center of a major controversy that year.

In a June 2010 open letter from President of South Korea Lee Myung-bak published in the Los Angeles Times, he expressed gratitude for the 37,000 Americans who were killed in the Korean War defending South Korea, saying that they fought for the freedom of South Koreans they did not even know. He stated that thanks to their sacrifices, the peace and democracy of the South Korean state was protected.[45]

The U.S. states that "The Alliance is adapting to changes in the 21st Century security environment. We will maintain a robust defense posture, backed by allied capabilities which support both nations' security interests We will continue to deepen our strong bilateral economic, trade and investment relations In the Asia-Pacific region we will work jointly with regional institutions and partners to foster prosperity, keep the peace, and improve the daily lives of the people of the region The United States and South Korea will work to achieve our common Alliance goals through strategic cooperation at every level."[46]

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which South Korea maintains diplomatic relations with (all UN member states except North Korea and Syria):

# Country Date[47]
1  United Kingdom 18 January 1949[48]
2  France 15 February 1949
3  Philippines 3 March 1949
4  United States 25 March 1949[49]
5  Spain 17 March 1950
6  Italy 24 November 1956
7  Turkey 8 March 1957
8  Germany 25 May 1957[50]
9  Thailand 1 October 1958[51]
10  Norway 2 March 1959
11  Denmark 11 March 1959
12  Sweden 11 March 1959
13  Brazil 31 October 1959
14  Malaysia 23 February 1960
15  Netherlands 4 April 1961
16  Greece 5 April 1961
17  Portugal 15 April 1961
18  Belgium 2 May 1961[52]
19  Ivory Coast 23 July 1961
20  Niger 27 July 1961
21  Benin 1 August 1961
22  Chad 6 August 1961
23  Cameroon 10 August 1961
24  Australia October 1961
25  Mexico 26 January 1962
26  Nicaragua 26 January 1962
27  Argentina 15 February 1962
28  Colombia 10 March 1962
29  Luxembourg 16 March 1962
30  New Zealand 26 March 1962[53]
31  Honduras 1 April 1962
32  Israel 10 April 1962
33  Chile 18 April 1962
34  Burkina Faso 20 April 1962
35  Dominican Republic 6 June 1962
36  Paraguay 12 June 1962
37  Madagascar 25 June 1962
38  Sierra Leone 25 June 1962
39  Morocco 6 July 1962
40  Jordan 26 July 1962
41  Costa Rica 15 August 1962
42  El Salvador 30 August 1962
43  Haiti 22 September 1962
44  Panama 30 September 1962
45  Gabon 1 October 1962
46  Ecuador 5 October 1962
47  Iceland 10 October 1962
48  Jamaica 13 October 1962
49  Saudi Arabia 16 October 1962
50  Senegal 19 October 1962
51  Iran 23 October 1962
52  Guatemala 24 October 1962
53  Canada 14 January 1963
54   Switzerland 11 February 1963
55  Rwanda 21 March 1963
56  Uganda 26 March 1963
57  Democratic Republic of the Congo 1 April 1963
58  Peru 1 April 1963
59  Austria 22 May 1963[54]
60  Togo 26 July 1963
61  Mauritania 30 July 1963
62  Central African Republic 5 September 1963
63  Ethiopia 23 December 1963
64  Kenya 7 February 1964
65  Liberia 18 March 1964
66  Uruguay 7 October 1964
67  Malawi 9 March 1965
68  Malta 2 April 1965
69  Gambia 21 April 1965
70  Bolivia 25 April 1965
71  Venezuela 29 April 1965
72  Japan 18 December 1965
73  Lesotho 7 December 1966
74  Maldives 30 November 1967
75  Botswana 18 April 1968
76  Guyana 13 June 1968
77  Eswatini 6 November 1968
78  Tunisia March 1969
79  Cambodia 18 May 1970
80  Tonga 11 September 1970
81  Fiji 30 January 1971
82  Mauritius 3 July 1971
83  Samoa 15 September 1972
84  Finland 24 August 1973
85  Indonesia 18 September 1973
86  India 10 December 1973[55]
—  Holy See 11 December 1973[56]
87  Bangladesh 18 December 1973
88  Afghanistan 31 December 1973[57]
89  Oman 28 March 1974
90  Qatar 18 April 1974
91    Nepal 15 May 1974
92  Laos 22 June 1974
93  Grenada 1 August 1974
94  Myanmar 16 May 1975
95  Singapore 8 August 1975
96  Suriname 28 November 1975
97  Bahrain 17 April 1976
98  Papua New Guinea 19 May 1976
99  Seychelles 28 June 1976
100  Sudan 13 April 1977
101  Ghana 14 November 1977
102  Sri Lanka 14 November 1977
103  Barbados 15 November 1977
104  Djibouti 7 December 1977
105  Solomon Islands 15 September 1978
106  Dominica 3 November 1978
107  Tuvalu 15 November 1978
108  Comoros 19 February 1979
109  Saint Lucia 23 February 1979
110  Kuwait 11 June 1979
111  Nauru 20 August 1979
112  Equatorial Guinea 14 September 1979
113  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 28 October 1979
114  Nigeria 22 February 1980
115  Kiribati 2 May 1980
116  United Arab Emirates 18 June 1980
117  Vanuatu 5 November 1980
118  Libya December 1980
119  Lebanon 12 February 1981
120  Antigua and Barbuda 1 November 1981
121  Saint Kitts and Nevis 19 September 1983
122  Ireland 4 October 1983[58]
123  Pakistan 7 November 1983[59]
124  Guinea-Bissau 22 December 1983
125  Brunei 1 January 1984
126  Bahamas 8 July 1985
127  Trinidad and Tobago 23 July 1985
128  Yemen 22 August 1985
129  Belize 14 April 1987
130  Bhutan 24 September 1987[60]
131  Somalia 25 September 1987
132  São Tomé and Príncipe 20 August 1988
133  Cape Verde 3 October 1988
134  Hungary 1 February 1989
135  Iraq 9 July 1989
136  Poland 1 November 1989
137  Serbia 27 December 1989
138  Algeria 15 January 1990
139  Namibia 21 March 1990
140  Czech Republic 22 March 1990
141  Bulgaria 23 March 1990
142  Mongolia 26 March 1990
143  Romania 30 March 1990
144  Republic of the Congo 16 June 1990
145  Zambia 4 September 1990
146  Mali 27 September 1990
147  Russia 30 September 1990
148  Federated States of Micronesia 5 April 1991
149  Marshall Islands 5 April 1991
150  Albania 22 August 1991
151  Lithuania 14 October 1991
152  Estonia 17 October 1991
153  Latvia 22 October 1991
154  Angola 6 January 1992
155  Kazakhstan 28 January 1992
156  Uzbekistan 29 January 1992
157  Kyrgyzstan 31 January 1992
158  Moldova 31 January 1992
159  Turkmenistan 7 February 1992
160  Belarus 10 February 1992
161  Ukraine 10 February 1992
162  Armenia 21 February 1992
163  Azerbaijan 23 March 1992
164  Tajikistan 27 April 1992
165  Tanzania 30 April 1992
166  China 24 August 1992
167  Croatia 18 November 1992
168  Slovenia 18 November 1992
169  South Africa 1 December 1992
170  Georgia 14 December 1992
171  Vietnam 22 December 1992
172  Slovakia 1 January 1993
173  Liechtenstein 2 March 1993
174  Eritrea 24 May 1993
175  Mozambique 11 August 1993
176  Burundi 3 October 1993
177  Zimbabwe 18 November 1994
178  Andorra 23 February 1995
179  Palau 22 March 1995
180  Egypt 13 April 1995
181  Bosnia and Herzegovina 15 December 1995
182  Cyprus 28 December 1995
183  San Marino 25 September 2000
184  East Timor 20 May 2002
185  Guinea 28 August 2006
186  Montenegro 4 September 2006
187  Monaco 20 March 2007
188  South Sudan 9 July 2011[61]
—  Cook Islands 22 February 2013
189  North Macedonia 18 July 2019
—  Niue 29 May 2023[62]
190  Cuba 14 February 2024[63]

Bilateral relations

Americas

See also: South Korea–Latin America relations
Country Formal relations began Notes
 Argentina 1962-02-15[64] See Argentina–South Korea relations
 Brazil 1959-10-31[67] See Brazil–South Korea relations
  • Brazil has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in
    Brasilia
    .
  • In 2006, Korea's export in Brazil was 3.06 billion US dollars.[68]
 Canada 1963-01-14[69] See Canada–South Korea relations
 Chile 1962-04-18[73] See Chile–South Korea relations
  • Working Holiday Program
    Agreement with South Korea
  • Chile-South Korea
    Free Trade Agreement.[6]
 Colombia 1962-03-10[74] See Colombia–South Korea relations
 Cuba 2024-02-14 See Cuba–South Korea relations
  • Diplomatic relations were established on 14 February 2024.
 Mexico 1962-01-26[76] See Mexico–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Mexico and South Korea started on 26 January 1962.
  • Mexico has a
    Working Holiday Program
    Agreement with South Korea
  • Mexico has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Mexico City, Mexico.
 Panama 1962-09-30[77] See Panama–South Korea relations
 Paraguay 1962-06-12[78] See Paraguay–South Korea relations
 Peru 1963-04-01[82] See Peru–South Korea relations
 United States 1882-05-22[83]
1949-01-01[84] 		See South Korea–United States relations
  • South Korea has an embassy in Washington, D.C.[85]
  • The United States of America has an embassy in Seoul.[86]
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the United States of America and South Korea began through its predecessor state the
    Joseon dynasty
    , on 22 May 1882.
  • The United States has a
    Working Holiday Program
    Agreement with South Korea
  • Number of South Koreans living in the United States in 2013 was about 2.09 million.
  • The United States-South Korea have a
    KORUS FTA
    ).
 Uruguay 1964-10-07[87] See South Korea–Uruguay relations
 Venezuela 1965-04-29[89] See South Korea–Venezuela relations

Asia

Country Formal relations began Notes
 Afghanistan 1973-12-12[90] See
Afghanistan – South Korea relations
  • The initial establishment of diplomatic relations between Afghanistan and South Korea began in December 1973 and lasted until September 1978.
  • The 2007 South Korean hostage crisis in Afghanistan was a major event in relations between the two countries. Two hostages were killed, and after the safe release of the remaining hostages, a Taliban official announced that South Korea had paid the Taliban more than US$20 million in ransom.[91] However, South Korea stated that they have made a promise with the Taliban not to make any public statements about the ransom.[92]
 Bangladesh 1973-12-18[93] See Bangladesh–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Bangladesh and South Korea began on 18 December 1973.
  • Bangladesh has diplomatic relations with both North Korea and South Korea; North Korea commenced diplomatic relations with Bangladesh in 1973.
  • In 1974, South Korea opened its embassy in the capital Dhaka while her counterpart in 1987.[94]
  • In 2008, Ministry of Justice of South Korea ceased the protocol of visa exemption. It is decided in that illegal residents from Bangladesh have been over 13,000 through South Korea. Both nations should get permission from each country to enter from July 15, 2008.[95]
  • Scale of bilateral trade between two nation is US$1.2 billion.[96]
 Bhutan 1987-09-24[97] See Bhutan–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Bhutan and South Korea began in September 1987.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2012
    • Exports 3.27million US dollars.
    • Imports 382 thousand US dollars.
  • South Korea's Grant Aid to Bhutan, Total of $6.21million US dollars (1987–2012).
 Brunei 1984-01-01[98] See Brunei–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Brunei and South Korea began on 1 January 1984.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2013 was about 2,030 million US dollars.
  • Brunei Darussalam
    has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei.
  • Both countries working closely in economic.[99]
 Cambodia 1970-05-18[100] See Cambodia–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Cambodia and South Korea began on 18 May 1970 and lasted until 5 April 1975. They were re-established on 30 September 1997.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2013 750 million US dollars
    • Exports 610 million US dollars
    • Imports 140 million US dollars
  • The number of South Koreans living in the
    Kingdom of Cambodia
    in 2013 was about 5,000.
 China 1992-08-24[101] See China–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    People's Republic of China
    and South Korea began on 24 August 1992.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Beijing, China.[102]
  • China has an embassy in Seoul.[103]
  • South Korea's Investment in China (cumulative total at the end of 2014) about $3.7 billion.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014 was about 235.4 billion US dollars.
    • Exports: $145.3 billion US dollars.
    • Imports: $90.1 billion US dollars.
  • People-to-People Exchanges, total of 10.3 million visitors
    • The number of South Korean visitors to China: 4.18million.
    • Number of Chinese visitors to South Korea: 6.12million.
  • Number of Long-Term Residents
    • South Korean long-term residents in China: 800.000.
    • Chinese long-term residents in the KOR: 780.000.
 Republic of China (Taiwan) 1948-08-13[104]
1992-08-23[105] 		See South Korea–Taiwan relations
 East Timor 2002-05-20[109]
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between East Timor and South Korea began on 20 May 2002.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2012 was about 75 million US dollars.
    • Exports 7.7 million US dollars.
    • Imports 67 million US dollars.
  • South Korea's Investment in the East Timor (cumulative total as of 2012) 14 million US dollars.
 Hong Kong 1945-05-01[110]
 India 1973-12-01[114] See
India – South Korea relations
  • During the Korean War, India sent military medical staff to support South Korea as a part of the United Nations troops.
  • Diplomatic relations between the two countries has been relatively limited, although much progress arose during the three decades. Since the formal establishment of the diplomatic ties between the two countries in 1973, several trade agreements have been reached: Agreement on Trade Promotion and Economic and Technological Cooperation in 1974; Agreement on Cooperation in Science & Technology in 1976; Convention on Double Taxation Avoidance in 1985; and Bilateral Investment Promotion/ Protection Agreement in 1996.
  • Trade between the two nations has increased exponentially, exemplified by the $530 million during the fiscal year of 1992–1993, and the $10 billion during 2006–2007.[115] During the 1997 Asian financial crisis, South Korean businesses sought to increase access to the global markets, and began trade investments with India.[115]
 Indonesia 1973-09-17[116] See Indonesia–South Korea relations

  • South Korea has an embassy in Jakarta.
  • The
    Republic of Indonesia
    has an embassy in Seoul.
  • Scale of bilateral trade between two nation is US$14.88 billion.[117]
  • South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade about relations with Indonesia
  • Indonesia and South Korea have invested in multiple joint military development projects, including the KFX/IFX fighter jet.[118]
  • South Korean firm Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering (DSME) is in final contract negotiations to supply Indonesia with three Type-209 submarines. This will be the largest ever bilateral defense deal, valued at US$1.1 billion.[119]
  • Trade in
    US dollar.[120][citation needed
    ]
 Japan 1965-12-18[121] See Japan–South Korea relations
 North Korea No Relations See North Korea–South Korea relations
  • North Korea and South Korea have not established diplomatic relations.
 Laos 1974-06-22[124] See
Laos–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Laos and South Korea began on June 22, 1974, and lasted until July 24, 1975. They were reestablished on October 25, 1995.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2013 was about 199 million US dollars.
    • Exports 187 million US dollars.
    • Imports 12 million US dollars.
  • South Korea's Investment in the Laos (cumulative total as of 2011) 32 million US dollars.
 Macau
  • The number of South Koreans living in the Macau in 2008 was about 320.
  • The number of South Korean visitors to Macau in 2008 was about 281,129.
  • South Korea's Investment in Macau was about 5,530 US dollars.[125]
 Malaysia 1960-02-23[126] See Malaysia–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Malaysia and South Korea began on 23 February 1960.
  • Malaysia has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • The two countries established relations in 1960.[127]
  • Scale of bilateral trade between two nation is US$15.7 billion.[128]
 Maldives 1967-11-30[129] See Maldives–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Maldives and South Korea began on 30 November 1967.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2012
    • Exports 3.67 million US dollars.
    • Imports 380 thousand US dollars.
  • The number of South Koreans visitors to Maldives in 2012 was 23,933.
 Mongolia 1990-03-26[130] See Mongolia–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Mongolia and South Korea started on 26 March 1990.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2013 was about 520 million US dollars.
    • Exports 507 million US dollars.
    • Imports 13 million US dollars.
  • Investment (cumulative total at the end of 2013) about 350 million US dollars.
 Myanmar 1975-05-16[131] See Myanmar–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Myanmar and South Korea began on 16 May 1975, when the former was known as Burma.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2012 was about 1,682 million US dollars
    • Exports 1,331million US dollars
    • Imports 351 million US dollars
  • The number of South Koreans living in
    Burma
    ) in 2013 was about 2,300.
   Nepal 1974-05-15[132] See Nepal–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Nepal and South Korea started on 15 May 1974.
  • Nepal has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Kathmandu Nepal.
  • Scale of bilateral trade between two nation is 27.2 million US dollars.[133]
  • South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade about relations with Nepal
 Pakistan 1983-11-01[134] See
Pakistan-South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Pakistan and South Korea started in November 1983.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2012 was about 1.33billion US dollars.
    • Exports 810 million US dollars.
    • Imports 520 million US dollars.
  • South Korea's Investment in Pakistan (total at December 2012) 100 million US dollars.
 Philippines 1949-03-03[135] See Philippines–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Philippines and South Korea started on 3 March 1949.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Manila, Philippines.
  • The Philippines has an embassy in Seoul.
  • Scale of bilateral trade between two nation is 6.8 billion US dollars.[136]
  • South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade about relations with Philippines
 Singapore 1975-08-08[137] See Singapore–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Singapore and South Korea started on 8 August 1975.
  • Singapore has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Singapore.
  • Scale of bilateral trade between two nation is 24.7 billion US dollars.[138]
  • South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade about relations with Singapore
 Sri Lanka 1977-11-14[139] See Sri Lanka–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Sri Lanka and South Korea started on 14 November 1977.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Colombo.
  • Sri Lanka has an embassy in Seoul.
  • Scale of bilateral trade between two nation is 686 million US dollars.[140]
  • South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade about relations with Sri Lanka
 Thailand 1958-10-09[141] See
South Korea – Thailand relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Thailand and South Korea started in October 1958.
  • During the Korean War, Thailand was the second state sending troops for supporting South Korea just after United States. In October 2003, South Korean president Roh Moo-hyun visited Thailand while Prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra to Seoul in November 2005.[142]
  • The Republic of Korea is Thailand's 10th largest trade partner, which is due to reach the scale of 10 billion US dollars.[143]
  • South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade about relations with Thailand
 Vietnam 1992-12-22[144] See
Vietnam–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Vietnam and South Korea started on 22 December 1992.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Hanoi.
  • Vietnam has an embassy in Seoul.
  • Scale of bilateral trade between two nation is 9.8 billion US dollars.[145]
  • South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade about relations with Vietnam

Oceania

See also: South Korea–Oceania relations
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Australia 1961-10-31[146] See Australia–South Korea relations
 Fiji 1970-10-01[153] See Fiji–South Korea relations
  • The Republic of the Fiji Islands and South Korea established official diplomatic relations in 1970, when the Republic of Fiji became independent.[154]
  • South Korea embassy in Suva Republic of Fiji.[155]
  • Fiji embassy in Seoul.[156]
  • South Korea's Investment in Fiji (cumulative amount at the end of 2013) 73.3 million US dollars.
  • South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade about relations with Fiji
 New Zealand 1962-03-01[157] See New Zealand–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between New Zealand and South Korea began on 1 March 1962.
  • During the Korean War, New Zealand has sent 5,350 New Zealand soldiers to offer military cooperation with South Korea.
  • Republic of Korea has a consulate general in Auckland and an embassy in Wellington New Zealand.[158]
  • New Zealand has an embassy in Seoul.[159]
  • Scale of bilateral trade between two nation is US$1.94 billion.[160]
  • New Zealand–Korea
    Free Trade Agreement
    .
  • New Zealand has a
    Working Holiday Program
    Agreement with the South Korea.
  • South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade about relations with New Zealand
 Niue 29 May 2023[1] See Niue–South Korea relations
  • In May 2011
    Foreign Ministers's Meeting.[161]

Europe

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Albania 1991-08-22[162] See Albania–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Republic of Albania
    and South Korea began on 22 August 1991.
  • Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade Ban Ki-moon and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Albania Besnik Mustafaj signed the Convention between the government of the Republic of Korea and the Council of Ministers of the Albania for the Avoidance of Double Taxation with Respect to Taxes on Income and for the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion on May 17, 2006.[163]
 Andorra 1995-02-23[164] See Andorra–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Principality of Andorra
    and South Korea began on 23 February 1995.
  • Bilateral Exchange in 2014: None.
  • Bilateral trade in 2014 was valued at 315,000 US dollars.
  • 2007 June Minister for Government Policy Coordination Im Sang-gyu.
  • 2008 August Foreign Minister Meritxell Mateu Pi.[164]
 Armenia 1992-02-21[165] See Armenia–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Armenia and South Korea began on 21 February 1992.
  • The Republic of Korea and Armenia Policy Consultation will deal with ways to vitalize high-level exchanges promote substantive cooperation and work together on regional and global issues.[166]
 Austria 1963-05-22[167] See Austria–South Korea relations
 Azerbaijan 1992-03-23[171] See Azerbaijan–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between South Korea and the
    Republic of Azerbaijan
    began on 23 March 1992.
  • The Republic of Korea embassy in Azerbaijan held a briefing for journalists and officials from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade.[172]
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Baku.
 Belarus 1992-02-10[173] See
Belarus–South Korea relations
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 1995-12-15[175] See Bosnia and Herzegovina–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Bosnia Herzegovina
    and South Korea and began on 15 December 1995.
  • The Republic of Korea and Bosnia Herzegovina Policy Consultation was held in Sarajevo on July 9 with MOFAT's Deputy Minister for Political Affairs Lee Yong-joon and his Bosnian counterpart Ana Trisic-Babic leading their respective delegations.[176]
 Bulgaria 1990-03-23[177] See
Bulgaria – South Korea relations
 Croatia 1992-11-18[180] See
Croatia–South Korea relations
 Cyprus 1995-12-28[181] See
Cyprus–South Korea relations
 Czech Republic 1990-03-22[182] See Czech Republic–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between
    the Czech Republic
    and South Korea began on 22 March 1990.
  • South Korea has had an embassy in Prague since 1990.[183]
  • The Czech Republic has had an embassy in Seoul since 1991.[184]
  • There is also the Czech Info Center in Seoul.
  • The Czech Republic has a Working Holiday Program Agreement with the Republic of Korea
  • According to the
    the Czech Republic
    .
  • South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Czech Republic
 Denmark 1902-07-15[185]
1959-03-11[186] 		See
Denmark – South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Denmark and South Korea began on 11 March 1959.
  • The number of South Koreans living in Denmark in 2012 was about 538.
  • Denmark has an embassy in Seoul.[187]
  • South Korea has an embassy in Copenhagen.[188]
  • During the Korean War, Denmark sent Danish medical staff to support South Korea as a part of the United Nations troops.
  • Denmark has a Working Holiday Program Agreement with the Republic of Korea. There is no quota to Danish citizens.
  • In October 2007,
    Margrethe II of Denmark) visited Seoul for the first time after the official diplomacy between both nations.[189]
  • South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade about relations with Denmark
 Estonia 1991-10-17[190] See
Estonia–South Korea relations
 Finland 1973-08-24[192] See
Finland–South Korea relations
 France 1886-06-04[193]
1949-02-15[194] 		See
France – South Korea relations
 Georgia 1992-12-14[197] See Georgia–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Georgia and South Korea started on 14 December 1992.
  • The number of South Koreans living in the Georgia in 2014 was about 50.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014 was about 162 million US dollars.
  • Georgia has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Tbilisi.
 Germany 1883-11-26[198]
1955-12-01[199] 		See
Germany – South Korea relations
 Greece 1961-04-05[202] See Greece–South Korea relations
 Holy See 1966-09-01[204] See Holy See–South Korea relations
 Hungary 1989-02-01[211] See Hungary–South Korea relations
 Iceland 1962-10-10[212] See Iceland–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Iceland and South Korea began on 10 October 1962.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014 was about 57,000,000 US dollars.
  • Bilateral Investments (from 1962 to 2014) about 5,140,000 US dollars.
  • Minister of Foreign Affairs Halldor Ásgrímsson has visited South Korea in August 1996.
  • Minister of Foreign Affairs Choi has visited Iceland in September 2002.
 Ireland 1983-10-01[213] See
Ireland–South Korea relations
 Italy 1884-06-26[216]
1956-11-24[217] 		See
Italy – South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Italy and South Korea began on 24 November 1956.
  • Bilateral Trade and Investment between Italy and the Republic of Korea were about 10,926,000,000. US dollars in 2014.
  • Bilateral Investments in 2014
    • South Korea's Investment in Italy 654,000,000 US dollars.
    • Italy's Investment in South Korea 539,000,000 US dollars.
  • During the Korean War, Italy sent medical staff to support South Korea.
  • Italy has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Rome.
  • The number of South Koreans living in Italy in 2012 was about 4,054.
  • The Italian Prime Minister Mario Monti has visited to attend Seoul Nuclear Security Summit in March 2012.
  • The South Korean President Park Geun-hye has visited to Italy October 2014.
  • Italy has a Working Holiday Program Agreement with the Republic of Korea
  • South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade about relations with Italy
 Kazakhstan 1992-01-28[218] See Kazakhstan–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Republic of Kazakhstan
    and South Korea started on 28 January 1992.
  • The number of South Koreans living in Kazakhstan in 2013 was about 100,000.
  • Kazakhstan has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in
    Nur-Sultan
    .
  • Bilateral Trade in 2013 was about 1,323 million US dollars.
 Latvia 1991-10-22[219] See Latvia–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Republic of Latvia
    and South Korea began in October 1991.
  • Latvia has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Riga.
  • The number of South Koreans living in Latvia in 2012 was about 41.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014 was about 166,000,000 US dollars.
  • In 2019, South Korean MOFA was taught from Latvia that the country belongs to the Baltic region, not Balkans.[220]
 Liechtenstein 1993-03-01[221] See Liechtenstein–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Principality of Liechtenstein
    and South Korea started in 1993.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2013
    • Exports 4.5 million US dollars
    • Imports $8.7 million US dollars
 Lithuania 1991-10-14[222] See Lithuania–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Republic of Lithuania
    and South Korea began in October 1991.
  • Lithuania has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Vilnius.
  • The number of South Koreans living in the Lithuania in 2012 was about 106.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014 was about 3,485,000 US dollars.
 Luxembourg 1962-03-16[223] See Luxembourg–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Luxembourg and South Korea started in March 1962.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014
    • Exports 572,000,000 US dollars
    • Imports: $39,000,000 US dollars
  • The number of South Koreans living in the Luxembourg in 2012 was about 61.
 North Macedonia 2019-07-18[224] See North Macedonia–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between North Macedonia and South Korea started on 18 July 2019.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014
    • Exports 9.4 million US dollars
    • Imports 2.1 million US dollars
  • Macedonian Prime Minister Nikola Gruevski visited South Korea in July 2014.[225]
 Malta 1965-04-02[226] See Malta–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Republic of Malta
    and South Korea started in April 1965.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014
    • Exports: $1,014,000,000 US dollars
    • Imports: $514,000,000 US dollars
  • Bilateral Investments in 2014 was about 5,419,490,000. US dollars
 Moldova 1992-01-31[227] See Moldova–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Republic of Moldova
    and South Korea started on 31 January 1992.
  • The number of South Koreans living in the
    Republic of Moldova
    in about 130.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014
    • Exports 10 million US dollars
    • Imports 18 million US dollars
 Monaco 2007-03-20[228] See Monaco–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Principality of Monaco
    and South Korea began on 31 March 2007.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014
    • Export 241,000,000 US dollars
    • Imports 1,460,000 US dollars
  • Former
    foreign minister Yu Myung-hwan has attended the 6th World Policy Conference in Monaco on December 13–15 as Special Envoy of the President.[229]
 Montenegro 2006-06-04[230] See Montenegro–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Republic of Montenegro
    and South Korea started on 4 September 2006.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014
    • Export $0.935 million
    • Imports:$0.027 million
  • The Montenegrin
    Deputy Prime Minister
    has visited South Korea in October 2014.
 Netherlands 1961-04-01[231] See Netherlands–South Korea relations
 Norway 1959-03-02[234] See Norway–South Korea relations
 Poland 1989-11-01[236] See Poland–South Korea relations
 Romania 1990-03-30[239] See
Romania – South Korea relations
 Russia 1884-07-07[243]
1990-09-30[244] 		See Russia–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Russian Federation
    and South Korea began on 30 September 1990.
  • The
    Russian Federation
    has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has a consulate general Office in Vladivostok and has an embassy in Moscow
  • President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin has visited Republic of Korea in November 2013.
  • President of the Republic of Korea Lee Myung-bak has visited Russia in November 2011.
  • Russia and South Korea's Bilateral Trade in 2013 was about $22.64 billion US dollars.
  • The Republic of Korea's Investment in Russia in 2013 was about $2,962 million US dollars.
  • The Number of
    Russian Federation
    in 2013 was about 5,350.
 Serbia 1989-12-27[245] See Serbia–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Republic of Serbia
    ) and South Korea began on 27 December 1989.
  • The
    Република Србија (Serbia) has an embassy in Seoul.[246]
  • South Korea has an embassy in Belgrade, Serbia
  • The number of South Koreans living in Republic of Serbia in 2014 was about 117.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014 was about 163 million US dollars.
 Slovakia 1993-01-01[247] See Slovakia–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Slovak Republic
    and South Korea began in January 1993.
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Seoul.[248]
  • South Korea has an embassy in
    Slovak Republic
    .
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014 was about 45 billion US dollars.
  • The Republic of Korea's Investment in the
    Slovak Republic
    in 2014 million US dollars.
 Slovenia 1992-04-15[249] See Slovenia–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Republic of Slovenia
    and South Korea began on 4 April 1992.
  • Slovenia has an embassy in Seoul.[250]
  • South Korea has an embassy in
    Republic of Slovenia
    .
  • The number of South Koreans living in the
    Republic of Slovenia
    in 2013 January, 25.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014 was about 1,791 million US dollars.
 Spain 1950-03-17[251] See
Spain–South Korea relations
 Sweden 1959-03-07[254] See Sweden–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Korea and Sweden began on 11 March 1959.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Stockholm.
  • Sweden has an embassy in Seoul.
  • Sweden has a Working Holiday Program Agreement with the Republic of Korea. There is no quota to Swedish citizens.
  • The number of South Koreans living in Sweden in 2012 was 2,602.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014
    • Exports 871,000,000 US dollars
    • Imports 1,799,000,000 US dollars
  • South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade about the relations with Sweden
  Switzerland 1963-02-11[255] See
Switzerland–South Korea relations
 Tajikistan 1992-04-27[257] See Tajikistan–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Republic of Tajikistan
    and South Korea began on 27 April 1992.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2013 was about 44 million
    US dollar
    .
    • Exports 44 million
      US dollar
      .
    • Imports 0.18 million
      US dollar
      .
  • Investment of South Korea in the
    Republic of Tajikistan
    in 2013 was about 63 million US dollars.
 Turkey 1957-03-08[258] See
Turkey–South Korea relations
 Turkmenistan 1992-02-07[260] See Turkmenistan–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Republic of Turkmenistan
    and South Korea began on 7 February 1992.
  • The number of South Koreans living in the
    Republic of Turkmenistan
    in 2013 was about 320.
  • Number of Ethnic Koreans living in the
    Republic of Turkmenistan
    about 1,060.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2013 was about 141 million
    US dollar
    .
  • Exports 141 million
    US dollar
    .
 Ukraine 1992-02-10[261] See
Ukraine–South Korea relations
 Uzbekistan 1992-01-29[264] See
Uzbekistan–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the
    Republic of Uzbekistan
    and South Korea began on 29 January 1992.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2013 was about 2,020 million US dollars
    • Exports 1,968 million US dollars
    • Imports 53million US dollars
  • The number of South Koreans living in the
    Republic of Uzbekistan
    in 2013 was about 2,500.
  • Number of
    Republic of Uzbekistan
    about 180,000.
 United Kingdom 1883-11-26[265]
1949-01-18[39] 		See South Korea–United Kingdom relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the United Kingdom and South Korea began on 18 January 1949.
  • During the
    UN
    ) troops.
  • South Korea has an embassy in London, United Kingdom.[266]
  • The United Kingdom has an embassy in Seoul.[267]
  • The United Kingdom has a Tier 5 Visa (Youth Mobility Scheme) Agreement with the Republic of Korea.
  • Bilateral Trade in 2014
    • Exports 5,785,000,000
      US dollar
      .
    • Imports 7,441,000,000
      US dollar
      .
  • Bilateral Investments 1949~2014
    • South Korea's Investment in the
      US dollar
      .
    • The
      US dollar
      .
  • South Korean Ministry of Foreign affairs and Trade about relations with United Kingdom
 Vatican City 1963-12-11[268] See
Vatican City–South Korea relations

Middle East and Africa

See also:
Africa-South Korea relations
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Egypt 1995-04-13[270] See Egypt–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Egypt and South Korea began on April 13, 1995.
 Ghana 1977-11-14[271] See Ghana–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Ghana and South Korea began on November 14, 1977.
 Iran 1962-10-23[272] See Iran–South Korea relations
 Israel 1962-04-10[273] See Israel–South Korea relations
 Ivory Coast 1961-07-23[276] See Ivory Coast–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Ivory Coast and South Korea began on July 23, 1961.
  • Since 1966 South Korea has an embassy in Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
 Jordan 1962-07-26[277] See Jordan–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Kingdom of Jordan and South Korea began on July 26, 1962.
 Kenya 1964-02-07[278] See Kenya–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Kenya and South Korea began on February 7, 1962.
 Saudi Arabia 1962-10-16 See Saudi Arabia–South Korea relations
 Somalia 1987-09-25[280] See Somalia–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between Somalia and South Korea began on September 25, 1987.
 South Africa 1992-12-01[281] See South Africa–South Korea relations

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Introducing the Indo-Pacific Strategy". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Republic of Korea.
  2. ^ "FTA Trend in Korea". KCS FTA PORTAL.
  3. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Economy and Trade" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-04-15. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  4. Naver Blog
    . Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  5. Naver Blog
    . Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  6. ^ a b 우리나라와 FTA체결한국가 : 지식iN (in Korean). Kin.naver.com. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  7. ^ 호감→비호감, 서로를 보는 눈이 변했다 (in Korean). Naver News. 2009-02-11. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  8. ISSN 0013-0613
    . Retrieved 2018-12-26.
  9. ^ "S Korea posts record-high trade surplus in 2009". 2010-01-14. Archived from the original on 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2010-12-27.
  10. ^ [1] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^ "South Korea-Taiwan relations 'in a rut'". Yonhap News Agency. 2002-08-21. Archived from the original on 2012-10-07. Retrieved 2008-02-05.
  12. ^ [2] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ "South Korean leader bids farewell to Japanese emperor". CNN. 1998-10-09. p. 1. Archived from the original on April 20, 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-19.
  14. ^ Charles Scanlon (2005-03-14). "S Korean fury over island dispute". BBC. Retrieved 2007-01-19.
  15. ^ [3] Archived February 27, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ [4] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  17. ^ "Quan hệ hợp tác giữa Việt Nam và Hàn Quốc đang phát triển mạnh mẽ, toàn diện, thực chất". Communist Party of Vietnam (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2022-12-09.
  18. ^ "South Korean foreign trade in figures - Santandertrade.com". santandertrade.com. Retrieved 2022-12-09.
  19. ^ "SRV-ROK joint statement about the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership". Communist Party of Vietnam (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2022-12-09.
  20. ^ ONLINE, TUOI TRE (2022-12-06). "Việt Nam sẽ là cầu nối cho Hàn Quốc với ASEAN". TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2022-12-09.
  21. ^ ONLINE, TUOI TRE (2022-12-05). "Tổng thống Hàn Quốc: 'Việt – Hàn anh em thân thiết với nhau'". TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2022-12-09.
  22. ^ "N Korea 'deploying more missiles'". BBC News. 23 February 2009.
  23. ^ "North Korea tears up agreements". BBC News. 30 January 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-08.
  24. ^ "N Korea warning over 'satellite'". BBC News. 3 March 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-08.
  25. ^ "CNN.com – Koreas agree to military hotline – Jun 4, 2004". Edition.cnn.com. 2004-06-04. Retrieved 2010-02-18.
  26. ^ "Anger at North Korea over sinking". BBC News. 2010-05-20. Retrieved 2010-05-23.
  27. ^ [5] Archived May 28, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  28. ^ Text from North Korea statement, by Jonathan Thatcher, Reuters, 25-05-2010
  29. ^ "South Korea Formally Declares End to Sunshine Policy". Voanews.com. 17 November 2010. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  30. ^ Nagesh Narayana (2010-11-19). "South Korea dumps Sunshine Policy with North, opts to go solo". Ibtimes.com. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  31. ^ Hyung-Jin and Kwang-Tae Kim. "North, South Korea exchange fire; 2 marines killed". Washington Times. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  32. ^ 2014 World Service Poll Archived 2015-03-05 at the Wayback Machine BBC
  33. ^ Yong, Kim Hwan (19 January 2016). "Poll: Growing Number of S. Koreans See N. Korea as Enemy". VOA.
  34. ^ "In South Korea, daily stresses outweigh North Korea missile worries". Reuters. 2017. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
  35. ^ "Russia makes up lost ground with Korean proposals". Asia Times. 2001-02-27. Archived from the original on 2001-03-05. Retrieved 2007-05-29.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  36. ^ "South Korean president's visit to boost ties with Russia". People's Daily. 2004-09-24. Retrieved 2007-05-28.
  37. ^ "Why South Korea's Only Astronaut Quit".
  38. ^ "Russia ends WTO talks with S. Korea". People's Daily. 2004-09-22. Retrieved 2007-05-28.
  39. ^ a b c "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-15. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  40. ^ "EU agrees free trade deal with S.Korea". AFP. 2009-09-16.
  41. ^ a b "Bilateral Relations: Korea". European Commission.
  42. ^ "Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United States and the Republic of Korea; October 1, 1953". Yale Law School.
  43. ^ Haesook Chae (2010). "South Korean Attitudes toward the ROK–U.S. Alliance: Group Analysis". Cambridge University Press.
  44. ^ [6] Archived May 27, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  45. United States of America
    alliance into one befitting the spirit of the new age."
  46. ^ U.S. Government (June 16, 2009)
  47. ^ "Countries & Regions". Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  48. ^ "공관약사주 영국 대한민국 대사관". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 6 December 2019.
  49. ^ "All Countries". Office of the Historian. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  50. ^ "Länder" (in German). Retrieved 23 July 2023.
  51. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเกาหลี (South Korea)" (in Thai). Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  52. ^ Korea & World Affairs - Volume 10. Research Center for Peace and Unification. 1986. p. 202.
  53. ^ "Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Mar 26, 1962". Embassy of the Republic of Korea to New Zealand. Archived from the original on 1 February 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  54. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (in Korean). Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
  55. ^ "India-Republic of Korea Bilateral Relations" (PDF). mea.gov.in. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
  56. ^ "Diplomatic relations of the Holy See". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
  57. ^ Korea & World Affairs Volume 6. Research Center for Peace and Unification. 1982. p. 417.
  58. ^ "Bilateral Relations". Embassy of the Republic of Korea in Ireland. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  59. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific". 4 September 2015. Archived from the original on 4 September 2015.
  60. ^ "Bilateral relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bhutan. Retrieved 4 May 2021.
  61. ^ "S. Korea, South Sudan establish ties". The Korea Herald. 10 July 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
  62. ^ "South Korea establishes diplomatic ties with Pacific nation of Niue". Bernama. 29 May 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  63. ^ "S. Korea establishes diplomatic relations with Cuba". 14 February 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  64. ^ "아르헨티나공화국 정보" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  65. ^ [7] Archived May 16, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
  66. MOFAT. Archived from the original
    on 21 February 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  67. ^ "브라질연방공화국 정보" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  68. ^ [8] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  69. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-North America" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-09. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  70. ^ Canada, Global Affairs (22 May 2009). "Embassy of Canada to Korea". Gac. Canadainternational.gc.ca. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  71. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Korea to Canada" (in Korean). Can-ottawa.mofa.go.kr. 1963-01-14. Archived from the original on 2017-08-29. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  72. ^ "Canada-Korea Free Trade Agreement". International.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 2015-08-21. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  73. ^ "칠레공화국 정보" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  74. ^ "콜롬비아공화국 정보" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  75. ^ [9] Archived March 8, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  76. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Latin America and Caribbean" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  77. ^ "파나마공화국 정보" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  78. ^ "파라과이공화국 정보" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  79. ^ a b "Embassy of Paraguay in the Republic of Korea". Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  80. ^
    MOFAT. Archived from the original
    on 29 July 2014. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  81. ^ 재외동포현황 [Current Status of Overseas Compatriots] (Report) (in Korean). South Korea: Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. 2009. Archived from the original on 2010-10-23. Retrieved 2009-05-21.
  82. ^ "페루공화국 정보" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  83. ^ "미합중국 정보" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  84. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-North America" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-22. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  85. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Korea in the USA" (in Korean). Usa.mofa.go.kr. Archived from the original on 2017-12-20. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  86. ^ "Home | Seoul, Korea – Embassy of the United States". Seoul.usembassy.gov. Archived from the original on 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  87. ^ "우루과이동방공화국 정보" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  88. MOFAT. Archived from the original
    on 24 April 2008. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  89. ^ "베네수엘라볼리바르공화국 정보" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  90. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  91. ^ "Taliban say S.Korea paid over $20 mln ransom". Reuters. 2007-09-01.[permanent dead link]
  92. Naver News. 2007-09-06. Archived from the original
    on 2012-07-11.
  93. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-25. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  94. ^ [10] Archived August 14, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  95. ^ "국민일보 쿠키뉴스". www.kukinews.com. Archived from the original on 6 September 2012. Retrieved 27 January 2022.
  96. ^ [11] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  97. ^ 부탄왕국 정보 (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  98. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-25. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  99. Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Brunei). Archived from the original
    on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
  100. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-14. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  101. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-22. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  102. ^ 大韩民国驻中国大使馆 (in Simplified Chinese). Chn.mofa.go.kr. Archived from the original on 2017-12-20. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  103. ^ 中华人民共和国驻大韩民国大使馆 (in Chinese (China)). Embassy of the People's Republic of China, Seoul. Archived from the original on 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  104. ^ 대만은 ‘또 하나의 중국’… 단교 20년 불구 6번째 교역국 (in Korean). Kyunghyang Shinmun. 2012-08-21. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  105. ^ 대만과 한국과의 주요이슈 : 지식백과 (in Korean). Terms.naver.com. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  106. ^ 주 타이뻬이 대한민국 대표부. Republic of Korea Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-09. Retrieved 2015-08-28.
  107. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of China
    (Taiwan). Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  108. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Archived from the original
    on 2015-07-26. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  109. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  110. ^ 한국과 홍콩의 관계 : 지식백과 (in Korean). Terms.naver.com. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  111. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-26. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  112. ^ "Consulate General of the Republic of Korea in Hong Kong" (in Korean). Hkg.mofa.go.kr. Archived from the original on 2015-07-25. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  113. ^ "The Republic Of Korea Cheong Wa Dae". English1.president.go.kr. Archived from the original on 2015-07-25. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  114. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-25. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  115. ^ a b [12] Archived December 16, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  116. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-14. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  117. ^ [13] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  118. ^ "Indonesia teams up with S. Korea to develop fighter jet". News.xinhuanet.com. Archived from the original on 2016-12-27. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  119. ^ "Junotane Korea". Archived from the original on 9 July 2012. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  120. ^ "South Korea, Indonesia sign pact to shift away from dollar". The Nigerian Observer. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
  121. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-22. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  122. ^ 駐日本国大韓民国大使館 (in Japanese). Jpn-tokyo.mofa.go.kr. 1965-12-18. Archived from the original on 2015-10-16. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  123. ^ "Embassy of Japan in Korea". Kr.emb-japan.go.jp. Archived from the original on 2015-08-15. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  124. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  125. ^ 한국과 마카오의 관계 : 지식백과 (in Korean). Terms.naver.com. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  126. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  127. ^ Ariffin, Roslan (2007-03-08). "Najib Dijangka Kukuhkan Hubungan Dua Hala M'sia-Korea Selatan (Najib plans strong Malaysia-South Korea bilateral relations)". Bernama. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-05-04.
  128. ^ [14] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  129. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  130. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  131. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  132. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  133. ^ [15] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  134. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  135. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  136. ^ [16] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  137. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  138. ^ [17] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  139. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  140. ^ [18] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  141. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  142. ^ [19] Archived November 11, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  143. ^ [20] Archived March 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  144. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  145. ^ [21] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  146. ^ "김진수 시드니 총영사"문화·인적 교류 늘려 정서적 유대 강화하겠다"" (in Korean). The Dong-a Ilbo. 26 October 2011. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  147. ^ [22] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  148. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Korea to the Commonwealth of Australia" (in Korean). Aus-act.mofa.go.kr. 1961-10-30. Archived from the original on 2017-08-29. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  149. ^ "Home – Australian Embassy". Southkorea.embassy.gov.au. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  150. ^ "Power and Passion as Julia Gillard Shows Her Seoul". Dailytelegraph.com.au. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  151. ^ 即日融資. Archived from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  152. ^ [23] Archived September 4, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
  153. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  154. ^ [24] Archived March 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  155. ^ "Embassy of South Korea in Fiji". Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  156. ^ "Embassy of Fiji in South Korea". Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  157. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  158. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Korea to New Zealand" (in Korean). Nzl-wellington.mofa.go.kr. 1962-03-26. Archived from the original on 2015-08-15. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  159. ^ "Korea". NZEmbassy.com. Archived from the original on 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  160. ^ [25] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  161. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Press Releases" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-22. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  162. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  163. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Press Releases" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  164. ^ a b "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  165. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-25. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  166. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Press Releases" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  167. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  168. ^ "Außenministerium Österreich -> Botschaft -> Seoul". 22 July 2012. Archived from the original on 22 July 2012.
  169. ^ [26] Archived March 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  170. ^ "Bundespräsident Heinz Fischer zu Staatsbesuch in Südkorea eingetroffen" (in German). Federal President of the Republic of Austria. Archived from the original on 2007-11-07. Retrieved 18 November 2008.
  171. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  172. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Disarmament/International Security" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  173. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  174. ^ "Äèïëîìàòè÷åñêèå ïðåäñòàâèòåëüñòâà Ðåñïóáëèêè Áåëàðóñü". Archived from the original on 11 May 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  175. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  176. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Press Releases" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  177. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  178. ^ "Министерство на външните работи". Mfa.bg. Archived from the original on 2015-07-08. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  179. ^ [27] Archived March 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  180. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  181. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  182. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  183. ^ [28] Archived March 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  184. ^ "Czech embassy in Seoul". Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  185. ^ "덴마크·한국 수교 110주년, 함께해요" (in Korean). Kyunghyang Shinmun. 2012-02-27. Retrieved 2020-11-19.
  186. ^ [29] Archived March 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  187. ^ [30] Archived January 12, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  188. MOFAT. Archived from the original
    on 21 February 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  189. ^ 덴마크 여왕, "한국은 역동이고 정이 많은 나라". Yonhap News Agency Daum 뉴스 (in Korean). Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  190. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  191. ^ [31] Archived July 18, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  192. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  193. ^ a b "Ambassade de la République de Corée en France" (in Korean). Fra.mofa.go.kr. Archived from the original on 2015-07-06. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  194. ^ a b c "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  195. ^ "Coopération politique – La France en Corée – Ambassade de France à Séoul". Ambafrance-kr.org. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  196. ^ "La France en Corée – Ambassade de France à Séoul". Ambafrance-kr.org. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  197. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  198. ^ a b 주 독일 대한민국 대사관 (in Korean). Deu.mofa.go.kr. Archived from the original on 2015-07-03. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  199. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  200. ^ "Deutsche Botschaft Seoul – Startseite" (in German). Seoul.diplo.de. 2015-02-25. Archived from the original on 2015-08-09. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  201. ^ "Auswärtiges Amt – Bilateral relations". Auswaertiges-amt.de. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  202. ^ a b "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  203. MOFAT. Archived from the original
    on 24 April 2008. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  204. ^ [32] Archived October 21, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  205. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-25. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  206. ^ David M. Cheney. "Korea (Nunciature) [Catholic-Hierarchy]". Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  207. ^ "Papal Address to South Korean Ambassador". ZENIT – The World Seen From Rome. Archived from the original on 15 October 2007. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  208. ^ "Vatican Information Service News Archives – Monday, March 6, 2000: John Paul II Welcomes First Head of State from Korea." Refers to two visits in text.
  209. ^ "Mass for the canonization of Korean martyrs, Homily of John Paul II, 6 May 1984". Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  210. ^ VIS, Vatican Information Service. "VIS news – Holy See Press Office: Monday, March 06, 2000". Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  211. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  212. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  213. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-06. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  214. ^ "Irish embassy in Seoul". Embassyofireland.or.kr. 2009-11-24. Retrieved 2010-10-24.
  215. ^ "South Korean embassy in Dublin". Irl.mofat.go.kr. Archived from the original on 2010-08-29. Retrieved 2010-10-24.
  216. ^ "한국과의 관계" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2020-11-19.
  217. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  218. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  219. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  220. ^ "'Baltic, stupid!': Latvia tells Korean Foreign Ministry". March 22, 2019. Retrieved August 29, 2020.
  221. ^ 주 스위스 대한민국 대사관 – 겸임국 리히텐슈타인 개황 (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  222. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  223. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  224. ^ "S. Korea establishes diplomatic ties with North Macedonia". Yonhap News Agency. 2019-07-18. Archived from the original on 2019-07-18. Retrieved 2019-07-18.
  225. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  226. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  227. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  228. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-03. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  229. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Press Releases" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-22. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  230. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  231. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  232. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Korea to the Kingdom of the Netherlands" (in Korean). Nld.mofa.go.kr. 1961-04-04. Archived from the original on 2015-10-16. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  233. ^ "Netherlands Embassy in Seoul, South Korea". Southkorea.nlembassy.org. Archived from the original on 2017-08-22. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  234. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  235. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Korea to Norway" (in Korean). Nor.mofa.go.kr. 1959-03-02. Archived from the original on 2015-07-10. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  236. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  237. ^ 주 폴란드 대한민국 대사관 (in Korean). Pol.mofa.go.kr. Archived from the original on 2015-07-23. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  238. ^ "Ambasada Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w Seulu" (in Polish). Seul.msz.gov.pl. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  239. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  240. ^ "HONORARY CONSULATE of ROMANIA". Archived from the original on 18 April 2012. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  241. ^ [33] Archived March 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  242. ^ [34] Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  243. ^ "러 외무부, 朝-러 수호통상조약 원본 공개" (in Korean). The Dong-a Ilbo. 2004-07-09. Retrieved 2020-11-19.
  244. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  245. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  246. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Serbia in the Republic of Korea". Seoul.mfa.gov.rs. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  247. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-25. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  248. ^ 주한 슬로바키아대사관: 네이버 지도 (in Korean). Map.naver.com. 2015-02-27. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  249. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  250. ^ 슬로베니아 : 지식백과 (in Korean). Terms.naver.com. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  251. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  252. ^ 주 스페인 대한민국 대사관 (in Korean). Esp.mofa.go.kr. Archived from the original on 2015-07-22. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  253. ^ "Páginas – Home". Exteriores.gob.es. Archived from the original on 2015-08-17. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  254. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  255. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  256. ^ [35] Archived March 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  257. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  258. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  259. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe". Archived from the original on August 25, 2012. Retrieved January 14, 2011.
  260. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  261. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  262. MOFAT. Archived from the original
    on 21 February 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  263. ^ "Посольство України в Республіці Корея". Archived from the original on 3 October 2012. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  264. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  265. ^ "조영 수호 통상 조약" (in Korean). National Institute of Korean History. Retrieved 2020-11-19.
  266. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Korea in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland" (in Korean). Gbr.mofa.go.kr. Archived from the original on 2015-07-15. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  267. ^ "UK and South Korea – UK and the world". GOV.UK. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  268. ^ 주 교황청 대한민국 대사관 – 공관 약사 (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
  269. ^ 주한 교황 대사관 : 지식백과 (in Korean). Terms.naver.com. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  270. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-14. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  271. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  272. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  273. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa" (in Korean). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-07-23. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  274. ^ "Error-2010-f3". Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  275. ^ "Embassy of the Republic of Korea in the State of Israel". Archived from the original on October 17, 2013.
  276. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa: Cote d'Ivoire". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  277. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa: Kingdom of Jordan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  278. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa: Kenya". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  279. ^ a b "Acting president calls for expanded economic cooperation with Saudi Arabia". Yonhap News Agency. Retrieved 2017-03-08.
  280. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa: Somalia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2013-12-30. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  281. ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa: South Africa". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
  282. ^ "South Korea-South Africa Relations". The Embassy of the Republic of Korea to the Republic of South Africa. 6 April 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 November 1996. Retrieved 7 October 2016.

Further reading

External links
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_South_Korea&oldid=1220669035"