List of transport megaprojects
This is a
According to the Oxford Handbook of Megaproject Management in 2017, "Megaprojects are large-scale, complex ventures that typically cost $1 billion or more, take many years to develop and build, involve multiple public and private stakeholders, are transformational, and impact millions of people."[1]
Completed projects
Project | Description | Country | Location | Est. cost ( USD billions)
|
Start of construction |
Year of completion |
Image | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At or near time of completion |
Adjusted for inflation | ||||||||
Tokaido Shinkansen | High-speed rail | ![]() |
Taiheiyō Belt | 1.06[2] | 7.96 | 1959 | 1964 | ![]() |
Original segment of the first shinkansen line |
Çanakkale 1915 Bridge
|
Bridge (road) | ![]() |
Çanakkale | 4[3] | 4.44 | 2017 | 2022 | ![]() |
Spans two continents. Longest suspension bridge span in the world.[4] |
Sha Tin to Central Link | Rapid transit | ![]() |
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11.6[5] | 13 | 2012 | 2022 | ![]() |
HK$90.7 billion[5] |
La Línea Tunnel
|
Tunnel (road) | ![]() |
Cordillera Central | 0.27[6] | 0.31 | 2009 | 2020 | ![]() |
|
Thameslink Programme | Commuter rail upgrade | ![]() |
Southeast England | 8.97[7] | 10.4 | 2009 | 2020 | ![]() |
(GBP7bn)[7] |
Alaskan Way Viaduct replacement tunnel
|
Tunnel (road) | ![]() |
Seattle | 3.3[8] | 3.9 | 2013 | 2019 | ![]() |
|
Santiago Metro Line 3, Phase One and 2023 extension. | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Santiago | 2.17[9][10] | 2.41 | 2012 | 2023 | Combined cost of initial line and extension.[9][10] | |
Santiago Metro Line 6 | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Santiago | 1.26[11] | 1.54 | 2014 | 2017 | ![]() |
|
Crimean Bridge | Bridge (rail/road) | ![]() |
3.7[12] | 4.4 | 2015 | 2019 | ![]() |
||
Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge | Bridge–tunnel | ![]() |
![]() ![]() ![]() |
19.2[13] | 23 | 2009 | 2018 | ![]() |
¥127 billion |
New Tappan Zee Bridge
|
Bridge (road) | ![]() |
South Nyack to Tarrytown, New York | 3.98[14] | 4.76 | 2013 | 2018 | ![]() |
|
Tel Aviv–Jerusalem railway | Railway
|
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1.9–2.5[15] | 2.3–3 | 2001 | 2004 (first section) 2007 (second section) 2018 (final section) |
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NIS7-9 billion[15] |
Abuja Light Rail (phase 1 nearing completion) [when?][16] |
Light Rail | ![]() |
Abuja | 2.7[16][17] | 3.2 | 2007 | 2018 | ![]() |
|
Noord/Zuidlijn
|
Rapid transit line | ![]() |
Amsterdam | 4.32[18] | 5.96 | 2002 | 2018 | ![]() |
(€3.1bn) |
Klang Valley MRT Line 1
|
Rapid transit | ![]() |
Kuala Lumpur | 11.7[19] | 15.4 | 2012 | 2017 | ![]() |
(MYR36B) |
Ionia Odos
|
Highway | ![]() |
Western Greece | 1.8[20] | 2.3 | 2007 | 2017 | ![]() |
(€1.4bn) |
Otoyol 5 | Highway | ![]() |
Istanbul to İzmir | 7[21] | 8.2 | 2013 | 2019 | ![]() |
Including Osman Gazi Bridge which has the 8th longest suspension bridge span in the world.[22] |
German Unification Transport Projects (Verkehrsprojekt Deutsche Einheit) |
Transport project to achieve German unity | ![]() |
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42[23] | 51.4 | 1991 | 2016 – continues expansion until 2020 | ![]() |
|
AVE - Spain's high-speed railway network | High-speed rail | ![]() |
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44[24] | 55.8 | 1992 | 2016 - continues expansion | ![]() |
40[24] billion euros |
Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge | Bridge (rail/road) | ![]() |
Istanbul | 2[25] | 2.6 | 2013 | 2016 | World's fifth-tallest bridge of any type.[26] | |
Evergreen Point Floating Bridge | Bridge (road) | ![]() |
Seattle and Medina, Washington | 4.56[27] | 5.68 | 2012 | 2016 | ![]() |
|
Eurasia Tunnel | Tunnel (undersea, road) | ![]() |
Istanbul | 1.3[28] | 1.6 | 2011 | 2016 | ![]() |
Spans two continents. |
Gotthard Base Tunnel | Tunnel (rail) | ![]() |
Swiss Alps | 9.7[29] | 12.1 | 1999 | 2016 | ![]() |
(CHF 9.56 billion)[29] |
World Trade Center Transportation Hub
|
Transit center and retail
|
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New York City | 3.9[30] | 4.9 | 2006 | 2016 | ![]() |
|
Blanka tunnel complex | Tunnel (road) | ![]() |
Prague | 1.75[31] | 2.2 | 2006 | 2015 | ![]() |
43bn Kč[31] |
Adler–Krasnaya Polyana road and railway | railway
|
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9.4[32] | 11.9 | 2010
|
2014 | ![]() |
|
Budapest Metro Line 4
|
Rapid transit line | ![]() |
Budapest | 1.95[33][34] | 2.52 | 2004 | 2014 | ![]() |
(HUF 452.5 bn) |
Marina Coastal Expressway | Highway | ![]() |
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3.4[35][36] | 4.4 | 2008 | 2013[37] | ( S$ 4.3 bn)
| |
Marmaray Tunnel | Tunnel (undersea, rail) | ![]() |
Istanbul | 4.5[38] | 5 | 2004 | 2008(Phase I) 2013(Phase II) |
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Deepest immersed tube tunnel in the world. |
Eastern span replacement of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge | Bridge (road) | ![]() |
San Francisco Bay Area | 6.5[39] | 8.4 | 2002 | 2013 | ![]() |
|
Russky Bridge | Bridge (road) | ![]() |
Vladivostok (Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula) and Russky Island |
1.1[40] | 1.4 | 2008 | 2012 | ![]() |
|
Freeway Durango-Mazatlán and Baluarte Bridge | Highway and road bridge | ![]() |
Durango – Sinaloa | 1.46[41][42] | 1.9 | 2008 | 2012 | ![]() |
|
Jiaozhou Bay Bridge
|
Bridge (road) | ![]() |
Shandong | 1.5[43] | 2 | 2007 | 2011 | ![]() |
|
Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway | High-speed rail | ![]() |
Eastern China (Beijing to Shanghai, via Tianjin and Nanjing) | 33.1[44] | 44.2 | 2008 | 2011 | ![]() |
(RMB 220.9bn) |
Clem Jones Tunnel | Tunnel (road) | ![]() |
Brisbane | 3.3[45] | 4.4 | 2006 | 2010 | ![]() |
|
CBD and South East Light Rail | Light rail
|
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Sydney | 2.2[46] | 2.6 | 2015 | 2019 | ![]() |
|
Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway | High-speed rail | ![]() |
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17.1[47] | 23.6 | 2005 | 2009 | ![]() |
(RMB 116.6bn) |
Egnatia Odos | Highway
|
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Northern Greece | 8.4[48] | 11.6 | 1994 | 2009 | ![]() |
(€5.9bn) |
Incheon Bridge | Bridge (road) | ![]() |
Incheon | 2.12[49] | 2.9 | 2005 | 2009 | ![]() |
(₩2.45 trillion; source listed that as being equivalent to US$2.12 billion) |
Sound Transit '1 line'
(initial segment) |
Light rail | ![]() |
Seattle metropolitan area | 2.9[50] | 4 | 2003 | 2009 | ![]() |
|
Bologna–Florence high-speed railway | High-speed rail | ![]() |
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7.8[51] | 10.6 | 1996 | 2009 | ![]() |
(€5.89 billion)[51] |
Milan–Bologna high-speed railway | High-speed rail | ![]() |
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9.2[51] | 12.6 | 1993 | 2008 | (€6.92 billion)[51] | |
Beijing–Tianjin intercity railway | High-speed rail | ![]() |
Beijing and Tianjin[52] | 2.34[53] | 3.3 | 2005 | 2008 | ||
High Speed 1 | High-speed rail | ![]() |
South East England | 13.7[54] | 19.4 | 1998 | 2007 | ![]() |
(£6.84 billion)[54] |
Lötschberg Base Tunnel
(initial bore) |
Tunnel (rail) | ![]() |
Swiss Alps | 3.6[55] | 5.1 | 1999 | 2007 | ![]() |
(CHF 4.3 billion)[55] |
Copenhagen Metro phase 1-3 | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Copenhagen | 1.47[56] | 2.1 | 1996 | 2007 | ![]() |
11,400,000,000 DKK |
"Big Dig" Central Artery/Tunnel Project | Tunnel (road) | ![]() |
Boston | 22[57] | 30.6 | 1991 | 2007 | ![]() |
14.6 billion USD; additional $7 billion in interest |
Colorado T-REX Project (TRansportation EXpansion)
|
Highway & Light rail upgrade | ![]() |
Denver | 1.7[58] | 2.5 | 2001 | 2006 | ![]() |
|
Shanghai Maglev Train
|
High-speed rail, Maglev | ![]() |
Shanghai | 1.4[59] | 2.2 | 2001 | 2004 | ![]() |
|
Red Line and Purple Line | Rapid transit
|
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Los Angeles | 4.5[60] | 7.6 | 1986 | 2000 | ![]() |
represents expenditure prior to the D Line Extension |
Toei Ōedo Line | Rapid transit
|
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Tokyo | 8.68[61] | 14.9 | 1988 | 2000 | ![]() |
(¥988.6 billion in 1999 yen values) |
Jubilee Line Extension | Rapid transit line | ![]() |
London | 6.83[62] | 9.32 | 1993 | 1999 | ![]() |
3.5 billion GBP
6.83 billion USD is for 2010 prices[62] |
Honshu-Shikoku Bridge Project
|
Bridges
17 bridges connecting the islands of Honshū and Shikoku |
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48[63] | 82.6 | 1978 | 1999 | ![]() |
4 trillion Yen
|
Øresund Bridge | Bridge–tunnel (rail/road) | ![]() ![]() |
![]() ![]() |
5.7[64] | 9.8 | 1995 | 1999 | (DKK30.1bn) | |
Great Belt Fixed Link
|
Bridge–tunnel (rail/road) | ![]() |
![]() |
3.2 | 7.1 | 1988 | 1998 | ![]() |
(DKK21.4bn)[65] |
Vasco da Gama Bridge | Bridge (road) | ![]() |
Lisbon | 1.3[66] | 2.4 | 1995 | 1998 | ![]() |
(€897m / 180bn PTE) |
Akashi-Kaikyō Bridge
|
Bridge (road) | ![]() |
Kobe | 5[67] | 8.7 | 1988 | 1998 | ||
Channel Tunnel | Tunnel (undersea, rail) | Strait of Dover, English Channel between the ![]() ![]() |
15.4[68] | 28.7 | 1988 | 1994 | ![]() |
(GBP9.5bn) | |
Interstate Highway System | Highway Network
|
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114[69] | 608 | 1956 | 1992[70][71] | ![]() |
425 billion in 2006 dollars[72] 548 billion in 2021 dollars[73] |
Baikal–Amur Mainline | Railway | ![]() ![]() |
Sovetskaya Gavan to Tayshet (modern-day Russia) | 15[74] | 37.2 | 1974 | 1984 | ![]() |
|
Bay Area Rapid Transit | Rapid transit
|
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San Francisco Bay Area | 1.586[75] | 6.6 | 1964 | 1976 - continues expansion | $11.9 billion adjusted for inflation | |
St. Lawrence Seaway | Canal system | ![]() ![]() |
0.470[76] | 3.8 | 1954 | 1959 | ![]() |
||
Caracas-La Guaira highway | Highway | ![]() |
Greater Caracas
|
0.06[77][78] | 0.5 | 1950 | 1953 | ![]() |
|
Trans-Siberian Railway | Railway | ![]() ![]() |
Moscow to Russian Far East (Vladivostok) (modern-day Russia) | 0.770[79] | 14.9 | 1891 | 1916 | ![]() |
|
Panama Canal | Canal | ![]() |
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0.375[80] | 8.4 | 1881 | 1914 | ![]() |
|
First transcontinental railroad | Railway | ![]() |
Omaha, Nebraska, to Sacramento, California | 0.1[81] | 2 | 1863 | 1869 | ![]() |
$2.03 billion adjusted for inflation |
Suez Canal | Canal | ![]() ![]() |
Sinai Peninsula, Khedivate of Egypt (modern-day Egypt) | 0.082[82] | 1.7 | 1859 | 1869 | ![]() |
|
Suez Canal expansion | Canal expansion | ![]() |
Sinai Peninsula | 8[83] | 10.1 | 2014 | 2015 | ![]() |
|
Silver Line | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Northern Virginia | 6[84] | 6.7 | 2009 | 2014 (Phase 1)
2022 (Phase 2) |
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While the Silver Line runs through Maryland and through Washington, D.C., the actual new sections of railway were all located in Northern Virginia. |
Mid-Coast Extension of the Blue Line (San Diego Trolley) | Light rail
|
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San Diego | 2.17[85][86] | 2.41 | 2016 | 2021 | ![]() |
|
Green Line Extension | Light rail
|
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Greater Boston | 2.28[87] | 2.5 | 2012 | 2022 | ![]() |
|
Highway Vespucio Oriente | Tunnel (road) | ![]() |
Santiago | 1.1 | 1.2 | 2017 | 2022 | ![]() |
|
Grand Central Madison station )
|
Transit center, commuter rail
|
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New York City | 11.1[88] | 12.3 | 2007 | 2023 | ![]() |
The East Side Access project, including Grand Central Madison station, allows Long Island Rail Road service to Grand Central Terminal. |
Taichung Metro
|
Rapid transit | ![]() |
Taichung | 2.08[89] | 2.41 | 2009 | 2021 | ![]() |
|
Almaty Metro | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Almaty | 1[90] | 1.3 | 1988 (was temporarily suspended as a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union )
|
2011 | ![]() |
|
Dubai Metro | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Dubai | 7.62[91] | 10.52 | 2009 | ![]() |
||
Canada Line | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Greater Vancouver | 1.79[92] | 2.47 | 2005 | 2009 | ![]() |
$2.05 billion CAD – set as the value for 2009, though estimate was originally made in 2006 |
Second Avenue Subway, Phase 1 | Rapid transit | ![]() |
New York City | 4.4[93] | 5.5 | 2007 | 2017 | ![]() |
Inflation is based on 2016, as the line opened on January 1 of 2017; construction was thus technically completed before then. |
Silicon Valley BART extension, Phase I | Rapid transit | ![]() |
San Francisco Bay Area | 2.3[94] | 2.7 | 2012 | 2020 | ||
Algiers Metro (original section of Line 1) | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Algiers | 1.2[95] | 1.6 | 1982 (was suspended for a time) | 2011 | ||
Changsha Metro, Line 2 | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Changsha | 1.8[96] | 2.2 | 2009 | 2014 | ![]() |
|
Doha Metro | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Doha | 36[97][98] | 42.3 | 2013 | 2019 | ![]() |
|
Mombasa–Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway | Railway | ![]() |
Mombasa | 5.3[99] | 6.2 | 2013 | 2019 | ![]() |
Original phase: $3.8bn and extension: 1.5bn[99] |
Edinburgh Trams | Light rail | ![]() |
Edinburgh | 1.72[100] | 2.18 | 2008 | 2014 | (£1.043bn)[100] | |
Padma Bridge | Bridge (rail/road) | ![]() |
Padma River | 3.6[101] | 4 | 2014 | 2022 | ![]() |
|
Woodrow Wilson Bridge | Bridge (Bascule) | ![]() |
Washington metropolitan area | 2.357[102] | 3.04 | 2000 | 2013 | ![]() |
|
Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge (original/upper deck) | Bridge (road) | ![]() |
New York City | 0.320[103] | 2.4 | 1959 | 1964 | ![]() |
|
AirTrain JFK | People mover | ![]() |
New York City | 1.9[104] | 3 | 1998 | 2003 | While it does serve passengers within JFK, it was primarily built for transport between the airport and the city. | |
Taiwan High Speed Rail | High-speed rail | ![]() |
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14.63[105] | 20.72 | 2000 | 2007 | ![]() |
480.6 billion converted to USD in 2007 dollars is $14.63 billion.[106] |
Goethals Bridge (replacement) | Bridge (road) | ![]() |
New York City and New Jersey | 1.25[107] | 1.49 | 2014 | 2017 (New eastbound span)
2018 (New westbound span) |
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|
Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge
|
Bridge (rail) | ![]() |
Shanghai and Nanjing | 8.5[108] | 11.36 | 2006 | 2011 (construction ended in 2010; opened in 2011) | ||
Bolshaya Koltsevaya line | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Moscow | 8.59[109] | 10.5 | 2011 | 2023 | ![]() |
|
Seikan Tunnel | Tunnel (undersea, rail) | ![]() |
Tsugaru Strait | 8.58[110] | 19.1 | 1971 | 1988 | ||
Rennes Metro Line B | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Rennes | 1.405[111] | 1.56 | 2014 | 2022 | ![]() |
€1.342 billion converted to USD based on average rate for 2022 |
Paris Métro Line 14 (original segment) | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Paris | 1.2682[112] | 1.961 | 1993 | 2007 | ![]() |
Inflation clock starting in 2004 |
Crossrail 1 | Commuter rail, Rapid transit | ![]() |
Greater London | 23.0[113] | 25.5 | 2007 | 2023[114] | ![]() |
A new 73m (117 km) railway line in England, serving London, Berkshire, Buckinghamshire & Essex.
Core section opened May 24, 2022, full integration of routes and completion expected by May 2023.[114] |
Regional Connector | Light rail tunnel | ![]() |
Downtown Los Angeles | 1.8[115] | 1.9 | 2014 | 2023 | ![]() |
|
IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line | Rapid transit | ![]() |
New York City | 0.06[116] | 1.44 | 1900 | Complete line: 1908 | ||
Lekki Port | Seaport
|
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Lekki | 1.5[117] | 1.6 | 2015 | 2023 | ||
Ohio River Bridges Project | Bridges and interchange reconfiguration | ![]() |
Louisville metropolitan area | 2.3[118] | 2.78 | 2014 | 2017 | ![]() |
A new motorway project near Louisville, Kentucky. Major works included two new bridges across the Ohio River; a short tunnel section; and reconstruction of interchange ramps. |
Lagos Rail Mass Transit | Commuter rail
|
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Lagos | 3.6[119][120] | 3.7 | 2009 | 2023 (Blue Line) 2024 (Red Line) |
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|
Upgrades to Metro-North Railroad's Harmon Shop at Croton-on-Hudson | Improvements to a maintenance and operations hub | ![]() |
Croton-on-Hudson, New York | 1.1[121] | 1.1 | 2001[122] | 2024[122] | ||
Milan Metro Line 4 | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Milan | 2.24[123] | 2.6 | 2014[124] | 2022 (Phase One) 2023 (Phase Two) 2024 (Phase Three) |
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Roughly €1.9 billion as of April 2020[update]. |
Caltrain Modernization Program (CalMod) | Commuter rail | ![]() |
San Francisco Bay Area | 2.44[125] | 2.44 | 2017 | 2024 | ![]() | |
Parramatta Light Rail, Stage 1 | Light rail | ![]() |
Parramatta, New South Wales | 1.94[126] | 1.94 | 2018[127] | 2024[126] | ![]() | |
WestConnex | Tunnel (road)
|
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Sydney | 11.3[128] | 11.3 | 2015[128] | 2024[129] | ![]() |
|
Yaxi Expressway
|
Highway | ![]() |
Ya'an to Xichang | 3.3[130] | 4.3 | 2007 | 2012 | Unclear whether the $3.3 bn estimate was in 2007 dollars or 2012 dollars |
Partially completed and open
Project | Description | Country | Location | Est. cost (in billions USD ) at or near time of completion
|
Est. cost (in billions USD), adjusted for inflation | Start of construction | Year of completion | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Confederation Line | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Ottawa | 5.1[131] | 6 | 2013[132] | Completed 2019 (stage 1) Expected 2026 (stage 2) |
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$2.1 billion + $4.66 billion CA$[131] |
Lusail Tram | Light rail | ![]() |
Lusail | 2.7 as of 2014[update][133] | 3.4 | 2016 | Completed
2022 (First part of orange line) Expected Unclear timeline for rest of lines/stations |
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|
Hyderabad Metro | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Hyderabad | 2.4 as of November 2017[update][134] | 2.9 | 2012 | Completed
2018 (First stretch) 2020 (Second stretch) Expected Unclear timeline for rest of lines/stations |
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|
Trans-Sumatra Toll Road | Highway | ![]() |
Sumatra | 33.2[135] | 36.8 | Completed Several segments at varying times (2019-2022) Expected 2023, 2024 (Remaining segments) |
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||
K Line | Light rail | ![]() |
Los Angeles | 2.1[136] | 2.3 | 2014 | Completed 2022 (first section) Expected 2024 (rest of line) |
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|
Skyline | Railway
|
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Oʻahu
|
12.4[137] | 13.8 | 2011 | Completed 2023 (Phase 1) Expected 2025 (Phase 2) 2031 (Phase 3) |
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|
Sydney Metro | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Sydney | 14.9[138] | 15.8 | 2013 | Completed 2019 (Phase 1) Expected 2030 (remaining phases) |
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AUD $20.5 billion (Stage 1 and 2)[138]
|
El Insurgente | Commuter rail | ![]() |
State of Mexico; Mexico City | 2.8[139] | 3.2 | 2015 | Completed 2023 (Zinacantepec to Lerma) 2024 (Lerma to Santa Fe) Expected 2025 (Santa Fe to Observatorio) |
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|
Kınalı-Balıkesir Motorway
|
Highway
|
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Tekirdağ to Balıkesir | 2[140] | 2.5 | 2017 | Completed 2023 (Malkara-Lapseki) Expected 2024 (remaining phases) |
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|
A-1 motorway | Highway | ![]() |
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3.7[141][142] | 3.8 | 2015[143] | Completed 2023 (first 43 km section) Expected |
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(2.77 billion €) |
Réseau express métropolitain | Light rail, Rapid transit | ![]() |
Montreal | 5.5[144] | 6.1 | 2018 | Completed 2023 (first segment) Expected |
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67 km of rails, 26 stations, automated light metro. Cost estimated in June 2021 to be CA$6.9 billion. |
Tel Aviv Light Rail | Light rail | ![]() |
Tel Aviv | 5.8[146][147] | 6.4 | 2011 | Completed 2023 (Red Line) Expected |
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NIS18.8 billion |
Under construction
Project | Description | Country | Location | Approximate cost (in billions USD )
|
Start of construction | Planned year of completion | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Silver Line | Commuter rail | ![]() |
Dallas | 1.9[148] | 2020 | 2025 | ![]() |
Also known as the "Cotton Belt Line" |
Purple Line | Light rail
|
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Maryland suburbs of Washington, D.C. | 3.4[149] | 2017 (halted in 2020); resumed in 2022 | 2027[150] | ![]() |
|
Red & Purple Modernization Phase One Project | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Chicago | 2.1[151] | 2019 | 2025 | ![]() |
|
Thessaloniki Metro | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Thessaloniki | 3.24[152] | 2006 | 2024[153] | ![]() |
|
Fehmarn Belt Fixed Link
|
Tunnel (undersea, rail/road) | ![]() ![]() |
Fehmarn to Lolland | 8.75[154] | 2019[154] | 2028[154] | ![]() |
|
Lagos-Kano Standard Gauge Railway | Railway
|
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From Lagos to Kano | 8.3[155][156] | 2011 | TBA | ![]() |
|
Badagry Deep Sea Port | Seaport
|
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Badagry | 2.3[157] | 2024[158] | TBA | ||
Fourth Mainland Bridge | Bridge (road) | ![]() |
Across the lagoon to connect Ikorodu and Lekki | 4.2[159] | 2024 | TBA | ![]() |
|
California High-Speed Rail | High-speed rail | ![]() |
California | 80.3[160] | 2015 | 2033 (Phase I) |
Locations of planned California High-Speed Rail route. Phase I: black; Phase II: dark blue. (The separate Brightline West system is shown in light blue.) Route is approximate in some places. |
|
China Pakistan Economic Corridor
|
Economic corridor | ![]() ![]() |
![]() ![]() |
65[161] | 2015 | 2030 | ![]() |
|
Barcelona Metro line 9 | Rapid transit line | ![]() |
Barcelona | 26.3[162] | 2009 | 2027[163] | (€19bn) | |
Santiago Metro Line 7 | Rapid transit line | ![]() |
Santiago | 2.5[164] | 2022[165] | 2027 | ![]() |
|
Cross River Rail | Commuter rail tunnel | ![]() |
Brisbane | 4.7[166] | 2017 | 2026[166] | ![]() |
AUD $6.3 billion
|
Metro Tunnel | Commuter rail tunnel | ![]() |
Melbourne | 9.46[167] | 2018 | 2025 | ![]() |
AUD $12.58 billion |
Suburban Rail Loop | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Melbourne | 23.31-43.61[168] | 2022 | 2035-2053[a] | ![]() |
AUD $31–58 billion |
NHDP/ Bharatmala
|
Highway upgrade | ![]() |
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207.6 (total)
(NHDP: 53.2, 75.3 in 2023)[169] (Bharatmala: 132.4)[170] |
2000 | 2018: (NHDP)
2026: Bharatmala Phase I[171] Phase II was set to start in 2024, but now is uncertain[172] |
(INR 4.5 trillion).This project was partially completed by 2018 and was then subsumed under the Bharatmala project. | |
Agua Negra Tunnel | Tunnel (road) | ![]() ![]() |
![]() ![]() |
1.5[173] | 2018 | 2027 | ![]() |
|
Fastracks
|
Light rail, Commuter rail | ![]() |
Denver | 6.5[174] | 2006 | 2044 | ![]() |
|
City Rail Link | Commuter rail | ![]() |
Auckland | 3.4[175] | 2015 | 2026[176] | ![]() |
(NZD$5.5bn) |
Line 5 Eglinton | Light rail | ![]() |
Toronto | 10.26[177] | 2010 | 2024 | ![]() |
|
Grand Paris Express | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Île-de-France (Paris region) | 48[178] | 2016 | 2030 | ![]() |
4 new lines, 200 km, 72 new stations |
Scarborough Subway Extension | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Toronto | 3[179] | 2022 | 2029-2030 | ![]() |
CA$3.982 billion, 3 stops, 7.8 km [180] |
Tehran-Shomal Freeway, 121 km | Highway
|
![]() |
Mazandaran Province
|
1.7[181] | 1996 | 2024?
(sections 1,2, & 4 are already complete) |
![]() |
(HUF 452bn) |
Stuttgart 21 | Railway & Urban Development | ![]() |
Stuttgart | 10.8[182] | 2010 | 2026 | ![]() |
€9.15 billion[182] |
Birmingham Northern Beltline (I-422)
|
Highway | ![]() |
Birmingham, Alabama | 5.4[183] | 2014 | 2047 | ![]() |
|
Brenner Base Tunnel | Tunnel (rail) | ![]() ![]() |
![]() ![]() |
11[184] | 2008 | 2032 | ![]() |
|
Koralm Tunnel | Tunnel (rail) | ![]() |
Styria / Carinthia | 6.2[185] | 2009 | 2026 | ![]() |
(€5.4 bn) |
Semmering Base Tunnel | Tunnel (rail) | ![]() |
Lower Austria / Styria | 4.6[186] | 2012 | 2024 | ![]() |
(€3.9 bn) |
Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor | High-Speed Rail | ![]() |
From Ahmedabad to Mumbai | 20[187] | 2019 | 2026 (partial), 2027 (complete) | ![]() |
(₹1.6 lakh crore) |
Sagarmala | Seaport | ![]() |
Coastal areas of India | 80.9[188] | 2017 | 2035 | (₹6.5 lakh crore, only counting current projects) | |
High Speed 2 | High Speed Railway | ![]() |
England | 106.4[189] | 2017[190] | 2033 | ![]() |
330 mi/530 km of High Speed track, West Coast Mainline integration
|
Northern Powerhouse Rail | Railway & Urban renewal
|
![]() |
England | 39[192] | 2018[193] | 2026 | ![]() |
Links Newcastle-upon-Tyne to High Speed 2.
|
Link light rail 2 Line | Light rail line | ![]() |
Eastside King County, Washington | 3.7[194] | 2016 | 2025 | ![]() |
|
Bogotá Metro
(line 1) |
Rapid transit | ![]() |
Bogotá | 4.5[195] | 2020 | 2028 | ![]() |
|
Brussels Metro line 3 | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Brussels | 1.86[196] | 2020[197] | 2030 | ![]() |
|
Chūō Shinkansen | High-speed rail, Maglev | ![]() |
![]() |
64.35[198] as of May 2021[update] | 2014 | Unknown[199] | ||
Tel Aviv Metro | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Tel Aviv metro area | 39.4[200] | 2025 | 2032 | ![]() |
|
Panama Metro Line 3 | Rapid transit line (monorail) | ![]() |
Panama City | 2.7154[201] | 2021 | 2025 | ![]() |
The Panamanian balboa is tied to the United States dollar. |
Millennium Line Broadway Extension ("Broadway Subway Project")
|
Rapid transit | ![]() |
Vancouver | 2.35[202] | 2021[202] | 2026[203] | ![]() |
Cost estimated in May 2021 to be 2,830,000,000 Canadian dollars; in roughly May 2021, that was roughly equivalent to 2,350,000,000 United States dollars. |
Penn Station Access | Commuter rail | ![]() |
New York City and Westchester County, New York | 2.87[204] | 2022 | 2027 | ![]() |
|
South Coast Rail | Commuter rail | ![]() |
Southeastern Massachusetts | 3.42[205] | 2019[206] | 2030 | ![]() |
|
Trillium Line Expansion | Light rail | ![]() |
Ottawa | 3.5[207] | 2019 | 2024 | 4.72 billion CAD | |
Bangkok–Nong Khai high-speed railway | High-speed rail | ![]() |
![]() |
4.65[208] | 2020 | 2026 | ![]() |
179 billion baht as of October 2022[update] |
Oslo Metro Line T6 | Rapid transit line | ![]() |
Oslo and Bærum | 1.6[209] | 2020 | 2027 | ![]() |
Cost is as of January 2017[update] |
Lima Metro Line 2
|
Rapid transit | ![]() |
Lima | 5.8[210] | 2014 | 2025 | ![]() |
|
Line 4 (Athens Metro) | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Athens | 1.9 | 2021 | 2029-30 | ![]() |
€1.6 billion[211] |
Cairo Metro Line 3, Phase 3 | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Cairo | 2.6[212] | 2023 (last extensions) | ![]() |
Entire Line 3 costs more | |
São Paulo Metro, Line 6 | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Greater São Paulo | 2.6[213] | Resumed in 2020 | 2025 | ![]() |
|
Toulouse Metro, Line C | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Toulouse Métropole | 3.65[214] | 2022 | 2028 | ![]() |
€3.4 billion as of February 7, 2023 |
Abidjan Metro | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Abidjan | 1.46[215] | 2022 | 2025 | ![]() |
€1.36 billion as of December 20, 2022 |
Ho Chi Minh City Metro, Line 1
|
Rapid transit | ![]() |
Ho Chi Minh City | 2.5[216] | 2012 | 2023[216] | ![]() |
|
Vienna U-Bahn, U2xU5 Project | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Vienna | 2.5[217] | 2018[218] | 2030 | ![]() |
|
Riyadh Metro | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Riyadh | 22.5 as of July 2013[update][219] | 2014 | 2024 | ![]() |
There were disputes regarding at least $1 billion in 2022; as of January 2023[update], it is unclear if/how that affected the overall cost.[220] |
Xiong'an–Xinzhou high-speed railway | High-speed rail | ![]() |
Xiong'an–Xinzhou | 8.86[221] | 2022 | 2027 | ![]() |
|
Tanzania Standard Gauge Railway | Railway | ![]() |
Tanzania | At least 7.6[222] | 2017 | Unclear (does vary based on phase) | ![]() |
|
Portal Bridge replacement | Bridge (rail) | ![]() |
New Jersey | 1.5[223] | 2022 | 2025 (first line of track)[224] | ![]() |
|
Rogfast | Tunnel (road) | ![]() |
Rogaland | 2.91[225] | 2018 (paused 2019; unclear if/when resumed, but it is still expected to be constructed) | 2033 | ![]() |
|
Gordie Howe International Bridge | Bridge (road) | ![]() ![]() |
Detroit to Windsor, Ontario | 5.4[226] | 2018 | 2025 | ![]() |
|
D Line Extension | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Greater Los Angeles | 9.5[227] | 2014 (Section 1) 2018 (Section 2) 2021 (Section 3) |
2027 (final section: Section 3)[227] | ![]() |
|
Belgrade Metro | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Belgrade | 5.35[228] | 2021 | 2028 | ![]() |
|
Ontario Line | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Toronto | 7.3-8.7[229] | 2022 | 2031 | ![]() |
16 km, 15 stop line with at-grade, elevated and underground sections operated with driverless trains.[230] |
São Paulo Metro Line 2 extension | Rapid transit | ![]() |
São Paulo | 1.4[231] | 2020 | 2026 | ![]() |
|
Valley Metro Rail: South Central Extension | Light rail | ![]() |
Phoenix, Arizona | 1.35[232] | 2019 | 2025 | ![]() |
|
Hamburg U5 | Rapid transit | ![]() |
Hamburg | 1.75[233] | 2022 | 2030 | ![]() |
|
Project Connect | Public transit[b] | ![]() |
Austin, Texas | 10.3 for the light rail components; unclear for the rest[234] | 2021 | Unclear | ![]() |
Measure approved by Austin voters. Construction of at least one bus rapid transit corridor has begun; light rail construction has not begun. |
Hampton Roads Bridge–Tunnel Expansion Project
|
Bridge–tunnel (road) | ![]() |
Hampton Roads (Virginia) | 3.9[235] | 2020 | 2025 | ![]() |
|
Frederick Douglass Tunnel
|
Tunnel (rail) | ![]() |
Baltimore | 6[236] | 2023 | 2033 | ![]() |
Replacement for old Baltimore and Potomac Tunnel) |
Brightline West | High-speed rail | ![]() |
California and Nevada | 12[237] | 2024 | 2028 | ||
Gateway Program | Rail improvements, including bridges and tunnels | ![]() |
New York City to New Jersey (Hudson River) | 16.1[238] | 2023[239] | 2035[239] |
Suspended or abandoned
Project | Description | Country | Location | Status (suspended or abandoned) | Approximate cost (in billions USD ) and year of cost estimate
|
Start of construction | Year suspended | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Northern Latitudinal Railway | Railway
|
![]() |
Labytnangi (Obskaya) - Korotchaevo | Suspended | 3.03 (2018)[240] | 2018 | 2022 |
Proposed
Project | Description | Location | Approximate cost (in billions USD )
|
Proposed start of construction | Proposed year of completion | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Great Istanbul Tunnel | Undersea tunnel
|
![]() |
3.5[241] | TBD | TBD | After Marmaray and Eurasia Tunnel's, it will be the third tunnel to connect Istanbul's sides. |
Arctic Railway | Railway
|
![]() ![]() |
3.43[242] | TBD | TBD | A connecting line between Kirkenes port and the Finnish railway network. |
Bridge of the Horns
|
Bridge (rail/road) | ![]() ![]() |
20 | TBD | TBD | A bridge across the Red Sea. |
Crossrail 2 | Railway, Commuter rail, Rapid transit
|
![]() |
49.4 in 2014 money[243] | 2023 | 2030s[citation needed] | A new railway line in England, serving London, Surrey & Hertfordshire to interlink with Crossrail (above). |
Helsinki City Rail Loop | Commuter Rail | ![]() |
1.77[244] | TBD | TBD | An underground rail loop in Helsinki. |
Helsinki–Tallinn Tunnel | Undersea tunnel
|
![]() ![]() |
17.74[245] | TBD | TBD | |
Irish Sea Bridge | Bridge (rail/road) | ![]() |
20.55[246] | TBD | TBD | A proposed bridge between Scotland and Northern Ireland, supported by the Johnson ministry.[247] |
Lentorata | Railway tunnel
|
![]() |
6.5[248] | 2030 | TBD | An airport rail link for Helsinki Airport. |
Malacca Strait Bridge | Bridge (road) | ![]() ![]() |
14[249] | TBD | TBD | A proposed 48 kilometer bridge over the Strait of Malacca. |
MetroLink (Dublin) | Rapid transit | ![]() |
9.83[250] | 2025 | 2031-2034 | |
Saudi–Egypt Causeway | Causeway | ![]() ![]() |
4 | TBD | TBD | |
Strait of Messina Bridge | Bridge (rail/road) | ![]() |
6.6 | TBD | TBD | |
Sunda Strait Bridge | Bridge (rail/road) | ![]() |
18.87[251] | TBD | TBD | The project has been indefinitely postponed.[252] |
Singapore Strait crossing | Tunnel (undersea) | ![]() ![]() |
TBD | TBD | TBD | A proposed tunnel between Singapore and Indonesia. |
Qatar–Bahrain Causeway | Causeway | ![]() ![]() |
5 | TBD | TBD | |
Texas Central Railway | High-speed rail | ![]() |
5.9 | TBD | TBD | Would operate between Dallas and Houston, with a stop in the Brazos Valley region |
LinkUS | Rapid transit | ![]() |
8[253] | 2024 | 2030 | Cost includes three rapid-transit corridors set to open by 2030, and two more by 2050.[253][254] |
Second Avenue Subway, Phase 2 | Rapid transit | ![]() |
6.39[255] | TBD | TBD | Project was moved to the engineering stage in January 2022.[256] |
Interborough Express | Light rail | ![]() |
5.5[257] (in 2027 dollars)[258] | TBD | TBD | New light rail line, built largely along existing tracks, connecting Brooklyn and Queens. Still in planning stages. |
Rio de Janeiro Light Rail Expansion | Light rail | ![]() |
3[259] | 2023 | 2025 (at least first sections) | Would add 145.5 km (90.4 mi) to existing light rail network |
Bagamoyo Port | Seaport | ![]() |
10[260] | 2023 | ||
Valparaíso–Santiago rail replacement | Railway
|
![]() |
1.32[261] | 2025 | 2030 | |
D2 Subway | Light rail | ![]() |
1.7-1.9[262] | TBD | 2028 | |
City Centre–Māngere Line | Light rail | ![]() |
8.7[263] | TBD | TBD | In the detailed planning phase. Would connect Auckland Airport to the CBD, terminating at Wynyard Quarter |
Airport projects
Airport | Primary market(s) served | Country | IATA Code | Type of project | Passengers (total) | Year completed | Est. cost (in billions USD ) at or near time of completion
|
Est. cost (in billions USD), adjusted for inflation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abu Dhabi International Airport |
Abu Dhabi | ![]() |
AUH | New airport | 20,000,000 | 1982 | 6.8 | 18.2 |
Adolfo Suarez Madrid-Barajas International Airport Terminals 4 and 4S |
Madrid | ![]() |
MAD | New terminals | 57,891,340 | 2006 | 8.7 | 12.7 |
Al Maktoum International Airport | Dubai | ![]() |
DWC | New airport | 410,278 (expected: 260 million) | 2010 | 32 | 43.7 |
Athens International Airport | Athens | ![]() |
ATH | New airport | 16,225,885 | 2001 | 3 | 4.9 |
Auckland Airport | Auckland | ![]() |
AKL | New terminal, new runway | 2028-2029 (expected) | 2.4[264] | ||
Bahrain International Airport expansion | Bahrain | ![]() |
BAH | New terminal | 2021 | 1.1[265] | 1.2 | |
Beijing Capital International Airport Terminal 3 | Beijing | ![]() |
PEK | New terminal | 50,000,000 | 2008 | 3.8[266] | 5.3 |
Beijing Daxing International Airport | Beijing | ![]() |
PKX | New airport | 25,051,012 | 2019 | 17 | 20.4 |
Berlin Brandenburg Airport | Berlin | ![]() |
BER | New airport | 28,000,000 (expected)[267] | 2020 | 10 (as of 2018[update])[268] | |
Central Transport Hub |
Warsaw | ![]() |
N/A | ≈45,000,000 (expected) | 2027 (expected) | 4.2-5.0 (expected, without rail component and road component) | ||
Changi Airport Terminal 3 | Singapore | ![]() |
SIN | New terminal | 22,000,000 | 2008 | 1.4[269] | 1.9 |
Changi Airport Terminal 4 | Singapore | ![]() |
SIN | New terminal | 65,628,000 | 2017 | 1[270] | |
Charles de Gaulle Airport | Paris | ![]() |
CDG | New airport | 26,196,575 as of 2021[update][271] | 1973 | 0.27[272] | 1.4 |
Chengdu Tianfu International Airport | Chengdu | ![]() |
TFU | New airport | 4,354,758 as of 2021[update] | 2021 | 10.8[273] | 12 |
Chennai greenfield airport, Parandur |
Chennai | ![]() |
N/A | New airport | 100,000,000 (expected) | Unclear | 2.5 (₹20,000 crore)[274] | |
Ciudad Real Central Airport |
Ciudad Real | ![]() |
CQM | New airport | Ceased operations in 2012 (expected: 10 million) | 2009 | 1.41 | |
Comodoro Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport: International Terminal | Santiago | ![]() |
SCL | New terminal | 30,000,000 | 2022[275][unreliable source?] | 0.99 | |
Dallas Fort Worth International Airport | Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex | ![]() |
DFW | New airport | 62,465,756 as of 2021[update] | 1973 | 0.7[276] | 3.7 |
Dallas Fort Worth International Airport Terminal F; overhaul | Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex | ![]() |
DFW | New terminal; terminal expansion; renovations | 2028 or 2033 (expected) | 4.8[277] | ||
Denver International Airport | Denver | ![]() |
DEN | New airport | 50,167,485 | 1995 | 4.8[278] | 8.8 |
Dubai International Airport Terminal 3 | Dubai | ![]() |
DXB | New terminal | 2008 | 4.5[279] | 6.3 | |
Felipe Ángeles International Airport | Mexico City | ![]() |
NLU | New airport | 2022 | 3.68[280] | ||
George Bush Intercontinental Airport, international terminal construction | Houston | ![]() |
IAH | Terminal redevelopment and/or expansion | Unclear | 1.2[281] (as of October 2019[update]) | ||
Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport | Guangzhou | ![]() |
CAN | New airport | 59,732,147 | 2004 | 2.39 | 3.7 |
Hamad International Airport | Doha | ![]() |
DOH | New airport | 2014 | 15.5[282] | 19.7 | |
Harry Reid International Airport (then McCarran International Airport), Terminal 3 | Las Vegas | ![]() |
LAS | New terminal | 2012 | 2.4[283] | 3.1 | |
Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport Terminal 3 | Dhaka | ![]() |
DAC | New terminal | Additional 12,000,000 (expected) | 2.53[284] (as of 2019[update]) | ||
Hong Kong International Airport | Hong Kong | HKG | New airport | 70,502,000 | 1998 | 20[285][unreliable source?] | 34.9 | |
Heathrow Airport Terminal 5 | London | ![]() |
LHR | New terminal | 32,100,000 as of 2018[update] | 2008 | 7.9[286] | 11 |
Incheon International Airport | Seoul | ![]() |
ICN | New airport | 28,677,161 | 2001 (Phase 1)
2008 (Phase 2) 2017 (Phase 3) |
5 (Phase 1)
2.6 (Phase 2) 3.54 (Phase 3) |
8.2 (Phase 1)
3.6 (Phase 2) 4.3 (Phase 3) |
Istanbul Airport | Istanbul | ![]() |
IST | New airport | 76,236,980[287] | 2018 | 29 (including side projects)[288] | 34.7 |
John F. Kennedy International Airport, (New) Terminal One | New York City | ![]() |
JFK | New terminal | Expected:
2026 (Phase 1) 2030 (Full completion) |
9.5[289] | ||
John F. Kennedy International Airport, (New) Terminal 6 | New York City | ![]() |
JFK | New terminal | Expected:
2026 (Phase 1) 2028 (Full completion) |
4.2 (Phase 1)[290] | ||
Kansai International Airport | Osaka | ![]() |
KIX | New airport | 27,987,564 | 1994 | 20 (as of 2008[update]) | 27.8 (starting inflation calculation in 2008) |
Kansas City International Airport | Kansas City | ![]() |
MCI | New terminal (replacement) | 2023 | 1.5[291] | ||
Kertajati International Airport | Majalengka Regency | ![]() |
KJT | New airport | 29,000,000 (expected) | 2018 | 15 | 17.9 |
King Abdulaziz International Airport | Jeddah | ![]() |
JED | New airport | 18,000,000 | 1981 | 7.2[292] | |
King Shaka International Airport | Durban | ![]() |
DUR | New airport | 7,500,000 | 2010 | 1 | 1.4 |
Kuala Lumpur International Airport | Kuala Lumpur | ![]() |
KUL | New airport | 52,643,511 | 1998 | 3.5 | |
Kualanamu International Airport | Medan | ![]() |
KNO | New airport | 12,245,116 | 2013 | 4.4[293] | |
Kuwait International Airport, Terminal 2 | Kuwait City | ![]() |
KWI | New terminal | 25,000,000 additional passengers (estimated) | 2026 (expected) | 5[294] | |
LaGuardia Airport | New York City | ![]() |
LGA | Renovation | 15,601,063 | 2025 (expected) | 8[295] | |
Long Thanh International Airport | Ho Chi Minh City | ![]() |
N/A | New airport | 100,000,000 (expected) | 2025 (expected) | 10 | |
Los Angeles International Airport | Los Angeles | ![]() |
LAX | Renovation and expansion | 14 | |||
Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport (new terminal) | New Orleans | ![]() |
MSY | New terminal | 2019 | 1.3[296] | 1.5 | |
Manchester Airport Transformation Programme | Manchester | ![]() |
MAN | New terminal | 2025 (expected) | 1.6[297] (equivalent to £1.3 billion as of February 2023[update]) | ||
Munich Airport | Munich | ![]() |
MUC | New airport | 1992 | 5.17[298] | 10.08 | |
Nashville International Airport, BNA Vision | Nashville, Tennessee | ![]() |
BNA | Airport overhaul[c] | 2024 | 1.5[299] | ||
Nashville International Airport, New Horizon | Nashville, Tennessee | ![]() |
BNA | Terminal expansion; other improvements[d] | 2028 (expected) | 1.4[300] | ||
Navi Mumbai International Airport | Mumbai | ![]() |
NMU | New airport | 60,000,000 (expected) | 2025 (expected) | 2 | |
New Islamabad International Airport |
Islamabad | ![]() |
IBD | New airport | 5,140,585 | 2018 | 3.91 | 4.7 |
New Lisbon Airport |
Lisbon | ![]() |
N/A | 50,000,000 (expected) | 2035 (expected) | 4.5 | ||
New Mexico City International Airport |
Mexico City | ![]() |
Ceased operations in 2018 (expected: 125 million) | 2018 | 13 | |||
Newark Liberty International Airport Terminal A | Newark, New Jersey; New York City | ![]() |
EWR | Terminal replacement | 2023 | 2.7[301] | ||
Newark Liberty International Airport Terminal C | Newark, New Jersey; New York City | ![]() |
EWR | Terminal renovation and expansion | 33,399,207 | 2003 | 1.2 | 1.9 |
O'Hare International Airport | Chicago | ![]() |
ORD | Expansion | 2028 (expected) | 8.7[302] (as of March 2019[update]) | ||
Orlando International Airport, Terminal C | Orlando, Florida | ![]() |
MCO | New terminal | 2022 | 2.8[303] | ||
Salt Lake City International Airport | Salt Lake City | ![]() |
SLC | Renovation and expansion | 2024 (expected) | 4.1[304] (as of January 2020[update]) | ||
Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport, replacement terminal | Shenzhen | ![]() |
SZX | Terminal replacement | 2013 | 1.4[305] | 1.8 | |
Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport, third runway | Shenzhen | ![]() |
SZX | New runway | 2025 (expected) | 1.76[306] | ||
Suvarnabhumi Airport | Bangkok | ![]() |
BKK | 55,892,428 | 2006 | 3.8 | 5 | |
Taoyuan International Airport Terminal 3 | Taipei | ![]() |
TPE | New terminal | First stage: 2024 (expected)[307] | 3.13 (as of November 2022[update])[308] | ||
Western Sydney Airport | Sydney | ![]() |
WSI (provisional) | New airport | 10,000,000 (initially) 82,000,000 (by 2036) | 2026 (expected) | 3.3 | |
Jorge Chávez International Airport | Callao | ![]() |
LIM | New terminal and runway | 2025 (expected)[309] | 2[310] |
-
John F. Kennedy Airport
-
Hartsfield-Jackson Airport, the busiest in the world.
-
O'Hare Airport
-
Terminal 3 atSoekarno-Hatta International Airport
Notes
- ^ SRL East 2035
SRL North 2043-2053 - ^ This plan includes multiple light rail lines, a new commuter rail line, and multiple bus rapid transit routes.
- ^ The project includes terminal lobby renovation, an international arrivals facility (including six new international gates and a new Customs and Border Protection area), a new tarmac terminal apron and taxilane expansion, an on-airport hotel and corresponding garage, a satellite concourse, the creation of Concourse D, multiple new terminal garages, and roadway updates to accommodate the changes.
- ^ The project includes expanding multiple concourses, as well as constructing a new air freight building, making terminal roadway improvements, and making baggage system handling improvements.
References
- ISBN 978-0198732242.
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- ^ "Groundbreaking ceremony for bridge over Dardanelles to take place on March 18 - Latest News". March 17, 2017.
- ^ a b SCMP Editorial (May 11, 2022). "Sha Tin-Central link must lead to costly lessons being learned". South China Morning Post. Retrieved January 16, 2023.
- ^ "Colombia opens South America's longest road tunnel". Reuters. September 5, 2020. Retrieved November 22, 2023.
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- ^ Grace, Amanda (January 17, 2019). "Seattle tunnel construction avoided costly mistakes of Boston's Big Dig". KING-TV. Retrieved January 16, 2023.
- ^ a b Newman, Ian Thomson (December 1, 2017). "Chilean capital's metro network enters an era of expansion: Santiago is already home to South America's most extensive metro, and with two new lines nearing completion and a third planned, the network is set to expand to eight lines totalling 174km". International Railway Journal. 57 (12): 24–27.
- ^ a b "Santiago metro Line 3 reaches Plaza Quilicura". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved November 24, 2023.
- ^ Newman, Ian Thomson (December 15, 2017). "Chilean capital's metro network enters an era of expansion". International Railway Journal. Archived from the original on January 26, 2023.
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- ^ "8ος ΚΑΤΑΛΟΓΟΣ ΜΕ ΤΑ ΜΕΓΑΛΑ ΕΡΓΑ ΣΤΗΝ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ, Σεπτέμβριος 2014, O ΠΙΝΑΚΑΣ". ypodomes.com. Archived from the original on January 2, 2015. Retrieved January 1, 2015.
- ^ Unal, Arife Yildiz (August 1, 2019). "New Istanbul-Izmir highway cuts travel time in half". AA. Archived from the original on August 2, 2019.
- ^ "Gebze-Izmir Motorway Project - Verdict Traffic".
- ^ "BMVI - Verkehrsprojekte Deutsche Einheit". www.bmvi.de (in German). Retrieved April 18, 2017.
- ^ a b Mount, Ian (April 30, 2014). "In Spain, government-backed trains overtake planes". Fortune. Retrieved January 16, 2023.
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- ^ "3. köprü yüzünü gösterdi, Bakan 3. köprüyü Habertürk'e tanıttı". July 13, 2012. Retrieved August 29, 2016.
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