Diphenidine

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Diphenidine
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
  • (±)-1-(1,2-Diphenylethyl)piperidine
JSmol)
Melting point210 °C (410 °F)
  • c1ccc(cc1)CC(c2ccccc2)N3CCCCC3
  • InChI=1S/C19H23N/c1-4-10-17(11-5-1)16-19(18-12-6-2-7-13-18)20-14-8-3-9-15-20/h1-2,4-7,10-13,19H,3,8-9,14-16H2
  • Key:JQWJJJYHVHNXJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Diphenidine (1,2-DEP, DPD, DND) is a

codeine phosphate.[10][11]

Electrophysiological analysis demonstrates that the amplitude of NMDA-mediated fEPSPs are reduced by diphenidine and ketamine to a similar extent, with diphenidine displaying a slower onset of antagonism.[7] The two enantiomers of diphenidine differ greatly in their ability to block the NMDA receptor, with the more potent (S)-enantiomer possessing affinity forty times higher than the (R)-enantiomer.[6] Since diphenidine's introduction in 2013 vendors have stated the drug "acts on dopamine transport" yet no data concerning the action of diphenidine on the dopamine transporter was published until 2016.[2] Diphenidine's highest affinity is for the NMDA receptor, but it does display submicromolar affinity for the σ1 receptor, σ2 receptor and dopamine transporter.[12][13]

Since 2014 there have been several published reports of diphenidine being sold in combination with other research chemicals, particularly synthetic cannabinoids and stimulants in Japanese

benzodiazepines, and alcohol was implicated in a fatal ingestion of "bath salt" and "liquid aroma" products in Japan.[18]

In Canada, MT-45 and its analogues were made Schedule I controlled substances, which includes DPD in its structural group.[19] Possession without legal authority can result in maximum seven years imprisonment. Further, Health Canada amended the Food and Drug Regulations in May, 2016 to classify explicitly DPD as a restricted drug. Only those with a law enforcement agency, person with an exemption permit or institutions with Minister's authorization may possess the drug.

See also

References

  1. ^ Anvisa (2023-07-24). "RDC Nº 804 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 804 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-07-25). Archived from the original on 2023-08-27. Retrieved 2023-08-27.
  2. ^
    PMID 24678061
    .
  3. PMID 26811026
    .
  4. S2CID 5962038
    .
  5. ^ EP 0346791, Gray NM, Cheng BK, "1,2-diarylethylamines for treatment of neurotoxic injury", issued 6 April 1994, assigned to G.D. Searle, LLC 
  6. ^
    PMID 19345586
    .
  7. ^
    PMID 25044512. Archived
    (PDF) from the original on 2020-03-07. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
  8. PMID 10373688
    .
  9. PMID 7504360
    .
  10. PMID 14188779
    .
  11. S2CID 15610561
    .
  12. PMID 27314670
    .
  13. PMID 29642450
    .
  14. ^
    S2CID 25995354
    .
  15. ^
    S2CID 11884184
    .
  16. PMID 26257833
    .
  17. S2CID 44007379
    .
  18. PMID 26162997
    .
  19. ^ Arsenault D (1 June 2016). "Regulations Amending the Food and Drug Regulations (Parts G and J — Lefetamine, AH-7921, MT-45 and W-18)". Canada Gazette. 150 (11). Archived from the original on 2017-12-02. Retrieved 2016-11-17.
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