XBP1
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Location (UCSC) | Chr 22: 28.79 – 28.8 Mb | Chr 11: 5.47 – 5.48 Mb | |||||||
PubMed search | [3] | [4] |
View/Edit Human | View/Edit Mouse |
X-box binding protein 1, also known as XBP1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the XBP1 gene.[5][6] The XBP1 gene is located on chromosome 22 while a closely related pseudogene has been identified and localized to chromosome 5.[7] The XBP1 protein is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes important to the proper functioning of the immune system and in the cellular stress response.[8]
Discovery
The X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) is a
Function
MHC class II gene regulation
The expression of this protein is required for the transcription of a subset of
XBP1 expression is controlled by the
Plasma cell differentiation
XBP1 is also essential for differentiation of plasma cells (a type of antibody secreting immune cell).[10] This differentiation requires not only the expression of XBP1 but the expression of the spliced isoform of XBP1s. XBP1 regulates plasma cell differentiation independent of its known functions in the endoplasmic reticulum stress response (see below).[11] Without normal expression of XBP1, two important plasma cell differentiation-related genes, IRF4 and Blimp1, are misregulated, and XBP1-lacking plasma cells fail to colonize their long-lived niches in the bone marrow and to sustain antibody secretion.[11]
Eosinophil differentiation
XBP1 is required for eosinophil differentiation. Eosinophils lacking XBP1 exhibit defects in granule proteins.[12]
Angiogenesis
XBP1 acts to regulate endothelial cell proliferation through growth factor pathways,[13] leading to angiogenesis. Additionally, XBP1 protects endothelial cells from oxidative stress by interacting with HDAC3.[14]
Viral replication
This protein has also been identified as a cellular transcription factor that binds to an enhancer in the promoter of the
Endoplasmic reticulum stress response
XBP1 is part of the
Clinical significance
Abnormalities in XBP1 lead to a heightened ER stress and subsequently causes a heightened susceptibility for inflammatory processes that may contribute to
A
Interactions
XBP1 has been shown to
See also
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000100219 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020484 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: XBP1 X-box binding protein 1".
- ^ PMID 2321018.
- S2CID 2939108.
- PMID 17110785.
- ^ PMID 1903538.
- ^ S2CID 20161577.
- ^ PMID 19407814.
- PMID 26147683.
- PMID 23529610.
- PMID 25190803.
- PMID 18287238.
- PMID 10346810.
- S2CID 25858120.
- PMID 21389082.
- PMID 18775308.
- S2CID 505223.
- PMID 12954762.