FOXM1
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| Location (UCSC) | Chr 12: 2.86 – 2.88 Mb | Chr 6: 128.34 – 128.35 Mb | |||||||
| PubMed search | [3] | [4] | |||||||
| View/Edit Human | View/Edit Mouse |
Forkhead box protein M1 is a
Function
FOXM1 is known to play a key role in cell cycle progression where endogenous FOXM1 expression peaks at S and G2/M phases.[9] FOXM1-null mouse embryos were neonatal lethal as a result of the development of polyploid cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes, highlighting the role of FOXM1 in mitotic division. More recently a study using transgenic/knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts and human osteosarcoma cells (U2OS) has shown that FOXM1 regulates expression of a large array of G2/M-specific genes, such as Plk1, cyclin B2, Nek2 and CENPF, and plays an important role in maintenance of chromosomal segregation and genomic stability.[10]
Cancer link
FOXM1 gene is now known as a human
Isoforms
There are three FOXM1
Mechanism of oncogenesis
The exact mechanism of FOXM1 in cancer formation remains unknown. It is thought that upregulation of FOXM1 promotes oncogenesis through abnormal impact on its multiple roles in cell cycle and chromosomal/genomic maintenance. Aberrant upregulation of FOXM1 in primary human skin keratinocytes can directly induce genomic instability in the form of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and copy number aberrations.[20]
FOXM1 overexpression is involved in early events of
Role in stem cell fate
A recent report by the research group which first found that the over-expression of FOXM1 is associated with human cancer, showed that aberrant upregulation of FOXM1 in adult human epithelial stem cells induces a precancer phenotype in a 3D-organotypic tissue regeneration system – a condition similar to human hyperplasia. The authors showed that excessive expression of FOXM1 exploits the inherent self-renewal proliferation potential of stem cells by interfering with the differentiation pathway, thereby expanding the progenitor cell compartment. It was therefore hypothesized that FOXM1 induces cancer initiation through stem/progenitor cell expansion.[22]
Role in epigenome regulations
Given the role in progenitor/stem cells expansion,
Interactions
FOXM1 has been shown to
See also
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000111206 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000001517 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ PMID 9032290.
- S2CID 25093788.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: FOXM1 forkhead box M1".
- ^ Vincent Shen. "2010 Molecule of the Year". BioTechniques. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 18 February 2011.
- ^ S2CID 19721737.
- S2CID 11732068.
- S2CID 1330189.
- PMID 12183437.
- PMID 15082532.
- PMID 15958562.
- PMID 16489016.
- PMID 16452231.
- S2CID 30137454.
- PMID 16701100.
- PMID 16585184.
- PMID 20187950.
- PMID 19287496.
- ^ PMID 21062979.
- ^ PMID 22461910.
- PMID 18758239.
External links
- FOXM1+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.