User:Tisquesusa/sandbox9

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

This is a list of playable nations in the grand strategy game Europa Universalis IV. The game follows a timeline in history from November 11, 1444 until January 3, 1821. Included in the historical countries listed below, are countries that can be formed or spawn after rebellions inside other nations. There are more than 700 former countries playable at the start of the game in 1444.[1] Some countries require special DLC packs. Listed are the technology group, the nation name as it appears in the game, a map closest to the historical country, start and end dates of the real historical nation (in-game years may differ), the capital province as it appears in Europa Universalis IV and the names of the rulers and other people involved in the game. Strong nations at game start are listed in bold, approximate dates in italic.

Western

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital Names Notes
Western Aachen
Free Imperial City of Aachen 1306 1801 Aachen [2][3][4]
Alençon
Alençon
1000 1549 Alençon
Jean II • RenéCharles IV
[2][5][6]
Alsace
Alsace 1354 1679
Elsass
Franz Egon I
[2][3][7]
Anhalt
Principality of Anhalt 1218 1806
Anhalt
Sigismund IGeorg IErnst IJohann IIJoachim ErnstJohann Georg IJohann Kasimir IJohann Georg IILeopold ILeopold II MaximilianLeopold IIILeopold IV [2][3][8]
Ansbach
Principality of Ansbach 1398 1806 Ansbach
Karl Alexander I
[2][3][9]
Aquileia
Patria del Friuli 1077 1433 Friuli Antonio IAntonio IILodovico II [2][3][10]
Aragon
Crown of Aragon 1162 1716
Aragón
Joan II • Ferran II
[2][5][11][12]
Armagnac
County of Armagnac
601 1607 Armagnac Bernard VIIJean IVJean VCharles ICharles IIMarguerite I [2][5][13]
Athens
Duchy of Athens 1205 1458 Athens Antonio INerio IIAntonio IIFrancesco IFrancesco II [2][3][14]
Augsburg
Prince-Bishopric of Augsburg 888 1803 Augsburg
Clemens Wenceslaus • Franz Friedrich
[2][3][15]
Austria
Archduchy of Austria 1453 1806 Wien Albrecht IVAlbrecht VFriedrich IIILadislaus PostumusMaximilian IFerdinand IMaximilian IIRudolf IIMatthias IFerdinand IIFerdinand IIILeopold IJosef IKarl IIMaria Theresia IJosef IILeopold IIFranz II [2][3][16][17]
Auvergne
County of Auvergne
592 1653 Auvergne
Jean III • Anne ICathérine I
[2][5][18]
Avignon
Avignon Papacy 1309 1377 Avignon Benedictus XIII [2][5][19]
Baden
Margraviate of Baden 1112 1803 Baden [2][3][20][21]
Bar
Duchy of Bar 1033 1766 Barrois Robert IEdward IIILouis IYolande [2][5][22]
Bavaria
Duchy of Bavaria 555 1623
München
Ernst IAlbrecht IIIJohann IVSiegmund IAlbrecht IV der WeiseWilhelm IVAlbrecht VWilhelm VMaximilian IFerdinand Maria IMaximilian II EmanuelKarl Albrecht IMaximilian III JosephKarl Theodor IMaximilian IV Joseph [2][3][23][24]
Berry
Duchy of Berry
1360 1820 Berry Jean I [2][5][25]
Bohemia
Kingdom of Bohemia 1198 1918 Prague Václav IVJiríVladislav IILudvik IFerdinand IMaximilian IIRudolf IIMatthias [2][3][26][27]
Bourbonnais
Duchy of Bourbon
1327 1830 Bourbon Louis IIJean ICharles ICharles IIPierre IISuzanne ICharles IIICharles IVAntoine IHenri ICésarLouis IILouis Joseph [2][5][28]
Brabant
Duchy of Brabant 1430 1795 Brabant JeanneAntoineJohn IVPhilip I [2][5][29]
Brandenburg
Margraviate of Brandenburg 1157 1806 Brandenburg [2][3][30][31]
Bremen
Duchy of Bremen
1648 1807 Bremen [2][3][32][33]
Brittany
Duchy of Brittany 939 1547 Nantes Jean VJean VIFrançois IPierre IIArtur IIIFrançois IIAnne IClaude IFrançois III [2][5][34][35]
Brunswick
Principality of Brunswick 1269 1815 Brunswick
Karl II Wilhelm Ferdinand
[2][3][36]
Burgundy
Duchy of Burgundy 1032 1477
Bourgogne
Philippe IIJean IIPhilippe IIICharles IMarie IPhilippe IVCharles II [2][5][37][38]
Castile
Crown of Castile 1230 1516 Toledo Enrique IIIJuan IIEnrique IVIsabel IJuana IFelipe IFernando V [2][5][39]
Catalonia
Principality of Catalonia 1162 1714 Barcelona [2][5][5][40]
Champagne
County of Champagne Champagne [2][5]
Clanricarde Clanricarde 1335 1544
Connaught
Ulick RuadhUlick FionnRichard ÓgeJohn mac Richard MórRichard BacachUlick na gCeannRichardUlickRichardUlickRichardWilliamRichardJohnMichaelJohn SmithHenryJohnUlick [2][5]
Cleves
Duchy of Cleves 1092 1795
Kleves
AdolfJohann IJohann IIJohann IIIWilhelm der ReicheJohann Wilhelm [2][3]
Cologne
Electorate of Cologne 953 1803 Cologne [2][3][41]
Cornwall
Duchy of Cornwall 1335 Cornwall [2][5]
Corsica
Corsican Republic 1755 1769 Corsica Tiadoru IClemente PaoliPasquale Paoli [2][3]
Cyprus Kingdom of Cyprus 1192 1489 Cyprus
Janus • Jean IICharlotteJacques IIJacques IIICatarina
[2][42][43]
Danzig
Free City of Danzig (Napoleonic) 1807 1814
Danzig
Franz Joseph I [2][42][44]
Dauphine
Province of the Dauphiné 1349 1790 Dauphiné [2][5]
Denmark
Kalmar Union
Denmark–Norway
1397 1814
Sjælland
Eric VIIChristopher IIIChristian IHans IFrederik IChristian IIIFrederik IIChristian IVFrederik IIIChristian VFrederik IVChristian VIFrederik VChristian VIIFrederik VI [2][3][45]
Desmond
Earldom of Desmond
1118 1596 Cork
James
[2][5][46]
Dithmarschen
Dithmarschen 1499 1559 Dithmarschen Wulf IsebrandHenning Swyn [2][47]
East Frisia
County of East Frisia 1464 1744 East Frisia Ocko IKeno IIOcko IIFockoEnno EdzardisnaUlrich IEdzard IEnno IIEdzard IIEnno IIIRudolf ChristianUlrich IIEnno LouisGeorge ChristianChristian EverhardGeorge AlbertCharles Edzard [2][3]
England
Kingdom of England 1066 1707 London [2][5][48]
Etruria
Kingdom of Etruria 1801 1807
Firenze
Lodovico ILodovico II [2][3]
Estonia
Governorate of Estonia 1721 1917
Reval
[2][42]
Ferrara
Duchy of Ferrara 1450 1597 Ferrara
Alfonso II
[2][3]
Finland Kingdom of Finland March
1742
July
1742
Nyland [2][3][49]
Flanders
County of Flanders 918 1795 Ghent [2][5]
Florence
Republic of Florence
Duchy of Florence
1115 1569
Firenze
Cosimo I
[2][3][50]
Foix
County of Foix 1290 1607 Béarn
François I Phébus
[2][5]
France
Kingdom of France 987 1791
Île de France
Louis XVIII
[2][5][51]
Frankfurt
Free City of Frankfurt 1372 1806 Frankfurt Karl Theodor Anton Maria [2][3]
Friesland
Lordship of Frisia
1524 1795 Friesland Fryske frijheid [2][5]
Gaeldom Gaeldom Inverness [2][5]
Galicia
Kingdom of Galicia 409 1833 Galicia [2][5][52]
Gascony
Guyenne 1259 1792 Gascogne [2][5]
Gelre
Guelders
1096 1795
Gelre
WillemReinoud IVArnold IAdolf IMaria IKarel IIWillem III de Rijke [2][5]
Genoa
Republic of Genoa 1005 1797 Genoa
Paolo Giustiniani • Gianotto LomelliniGiacomo DurazzoProspero CenturioneGiovanni GentileNicolo DoriaGerolamo de FranchiGerolama ChiavariAmbrogio di NegroDavide VaccaBattista NegroneGiovanni GiustinianiAntonio GrimaldiMatteo SenaregaLazzaro GrimaldiLorenzo SauliAgostino DoriaPietro de FranchiLuca GrimaldiGerolamo AsseretoAgostino PinelloAlessandro GiustinianiTomaso SpinolaBernardo ClavarezzaGiovanni ImperialePietro DurazzoGiorgio CenturioneFrederico di FranchiGiacomo LomellinoGiovanni ChiavariAndrea SpinolaLeonardo della TorreGiovanni DoriaGiovanni BrignoleAgostino PallaviciniGiovanni DurazzoAgostino de MariniGiovanni LercariLuca GiustinianiGiovanni BattistaGiacomo de FranchiAgostino CenturioneGerolamo de FranchiAllesandro SpinolaGiulio SauliGiovanni CenturioneGian FrugoniAntoniotto InvreaStefano de MariCesare DurazzoCesaro GentileFrancesco GarbarinoAllesandro GrimaldiAgostino SaluzzoAntonio da PassanoGiannettino OdoneAgostino SpinolaLuca InvreaFrancesco ImperialePietro DurazzoLuca SpinolaOberto Della TorreGiovanni CattaneoFrancesco InvreaBendinelli NegroneFrancesco SauliGerolamo de MariFederico de FranchiAntonio GrimaldiStefano FerretiDomenico de MariVincenzo DurazzoFrancesco ImperialeGiovanni GiustinianiLorenzo CenturioneBenedetto VialeAmbrogio ImperialeCesare de FranchiDoemico NegroneGerolamo VenerosoLuca GrimaldiFrancesco BalbiDomenico SpinolaGianstefano DurazzoNicolo CattaneoConstantino BalbiNicolo SpinolaDominco CanevaroLorenzo de MariGiovanni BrignoleCesare CattaneoAgostino VialeGiovanni GrimaldiGian VenerosoGian GrimaldiMatteo FranzoniAgostino LomellinoRodolfo BrignoleMaria RovereMarcello DurazzoGiovanni NegroneGiovanni Battista CambiasoPier Franco GrimaldiBrizio GiustinianiGiuseppe LomelliniGiacomo Maria BrignoleMarco GentileGiovanni AyroliGian PallaviciniRaffaele de FerrariAlerame PallaviciniMichelangelo CambiasoGiuseppe Maria DoriaGiacomo Maria BrignoleGirolamo DurazzoGirolamo Serra
[2][3][53]
Germany
German Confederation 1815 1848 Berlin [2][3][54]
Gotland
Gotland Gotland [2][3][55]
Great Britain
Kingdom of Great Britain 1707 1801 London
George IV
[2][5][56]
Hainaut
County of Hainaut 900 1797 Hainaut AlbertWilliam VIJacquette [2][5]
Hamburg
Free Imperial City of Hamburg 894 1806 Hamburg [2][3][57]
Hannover
Electorate of Hanover
1692 1807
Hannover
Ernst August • Georg I Ludwig
[2][3][58]
Hesse
Landgraviate of Hesse 1264 1567
Hessen
Hermann IILudwig ILudwig IIWilhelm IWilhelm IIPhilipp IWilhelm IVMoritzWilhelm VWilhelm VIWilhem VIIKarlWilhem VIIIFriedrich IIWilhelm IX [2][3][59]
Holland
County of Holland 1091 1581 Holland AlbertWillem VIJacoba [2][5][60]
Holstein
Duchy of Holstein 1474 1864 Holstein [2][3][61]
Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire 800 1806 Brandenburg [2][3][62]
Iceland
Iceland none none
Reykyavik
[2][5][63]
Ireland
Kingdom of Ireland 1542 1800 Meath Aedh XIV [2][5][64]
Italy
Kingdom of Italy 800 1806 Roma Napoleone I [2][3][65]
Jan Mayen
Jan Mayen none none random [66][note 1]
Kildare
County of Kildare 1297 1800 Kildare ThomasGeraldThomasGeraldHenry [2][5]
Kurland
Duchy of Courland 1561 1795
Mitau
Karl Christian Joseph • Ernst JohannPeter
[2][42][67]
Leinster
Kingdom of Leinster -634 1603 Leinster
Donal IX
[2][5]
Liege
Prince-Bishopric of Liège 980 1789 Liege [2][5]
León
León
León [2][5][68]
Livonian Order
Livonian Order 1237 1561
Livland
Wennemar HasenkampKonrad von VietinghofDiderick TorkSiegfried LanderZisse von RutenbergFranco KerskorffHeinrich von BockenfordeHeinrich VinckeJohann OsthoffJohann WolthussBernd von der BorchJohann FridachWolter von PlettenbergHermann HasenkampJohann von der ReckeHeinrich von GalenJohann WilhelmGotthard Kettler [2][42][69]
Lorraine
Duchy of Lorraine 959 1766
Lothringen
Charles IIJean IINicolas IRené IIAntoine IFrançois ICharles IIIHenri IFrançois IICharles IVNicolas IICharles V LéopoldLéopold I JosephFrançois III ÉttieneStanislas I [2][5]
Lucca
Republic of Lucca
Principality of Lucca and Piombino
1160 1805 Lucca Maria Luisa [2][3][70]
Luxembourg
Duchy of Luxemburg
1353 1581 Luxembourg Jobst IElisabeth I [2][5][71]
Lübeck
Free City of Lübeck 1226 1811 Lübeck [2][3][72]
Lüneburg
Principality of Lüneburg 1269 1705 Lüneburg
Georg II Wilhelm
[2][3]
Magdeburg
Archbishopric of Magdeburg
Duchy of Magdeburg
1180 1807 Magdeburg Albrecht IIIGunther IIFriedrich IIIJohann IErnst IAlbrecht IVJohann Albrecht IFriedrich IIISigismund IJoachim Friedrich IChristian Wilhelm IAugust I [2][3]
Mainz
Electorate of Mainz 780 1803 Mainz [2][3][73]
Malta
Malta Malta [2][3]
Mann
Mann 1765 Mann [2][5][74]
Mantua Duchy of Mantua 1530 1708 Mantua
Carlo II • Ferdinando Carlo
[2][3]
Meath
County of Meath
Meath [2][5]
Mecklenburg
Duchy of Mecklenburg 1621 1933 Mecklenburg
Friedrich Franz I
[2][3]
Meissen
Margravate of Meissen 965 1423 Wilhelm IFriedrich IV [2]
Memmingen
Free Imperial City of Memmingen 1268 1803 Memmingen [2][3]
Milan
Duchy of Milan 1395 1796 Milan Gian Galeazzo IGiovanni Maria IFilippo Maria IFrancesco IGaleazzo Maria IGiovanni Galeazzo IILudovico I il MoroMassimiliano IFrancesco II Maria [2][3][75]
Modena
Duchy of Modena and Reggio 1452 1796 Modena
Ercole III • Francesco IV
[2][3]
Montferrat Duchy of Montferrat 1574 1708 Montferrat
Carlo II • Ferdinando Carlo
[2][3][76]
Münster
Prince-Bishopric of Münster 1180 1802 Münster Otto IVHeinrich IIWalram IJohann IHeinrich IIIKonrad IErich IFriedrich IIFranz IWilhelm IBernhard IJohann IIJohann WilhelmErnst IFerdinand ICristoph BernhardFerdinand IIMaximilian HeinrichFriedrich ChristianFranz Arnold WolffKlemens AugustMaximilian FriedrichMaximilian Franz [2][3][77]
Naples
Kingdom of Naples 1282 1799 Naples
Vittorio Amedeo I • Carlo VIIFerrante IVGiuseppe IGioacchino I Murat
[2][3][78]
Nassau
County of Nassau 1125 1806 Nassau [2][3]
Navarra
Kingdom of Navarre 824 1841 Navarra
Francisco I Febo • Catalina IEnrique IIJuana IIIEnrique III
[2][5][79]
Netherlands
Dutch Empire
1384 Holland Willem IStaten-Generaal (regent)Maurits IFrederik Hendrik IWillem IIWillem IIIWillem IVWillem VBataafse RepubliekRutger JanLodewijk ILodewijk IIWillem I [2][5][80]
Nevers County of Nevers 965 1798 Nevers
François I
[2][5][81]
Normandy
Duchy of Normandy 911 1789 Normandie
Charles I
[2][5]
Northumberland
Earldom of Northumberland
Northumberland [2][5][82]
Norway
Kingdom of Norway
Akershus Christian Frederik [2][3][83]
Nuremberg
Free Imperial City of Nuremberg 1219 1806 Nuremberg [2][3]
Oldenburg
County of Oldenburg 1091 1774 Oldenburg
Wilhelm I
[2][3]
Orleans
Duchy of Orléans 1344 1926 Orleanais
Charles II • Louis IIICharles IIIHenri Alexandre I
[2][5][84]
The Palatinate
Electoral Palatinate 1085 1803 Heidelberg [2][3][85]
The Papal State
Papal States 754 1870 Roma Bonifatius IXInnocentius VIIGregorius XIIMartinus VEugenius IVNicholaus VCallistus IIIPius IIPaulus IIXystus IVInnocentius VIIIAlexander VIPius IIIIulius IILeo XHadrianus VIClemens VIIPaulus IIIIulius IIIMarcellus IIPaulus IVPius IVPius VGregorius XIIIXystus VUrbanus VIIGregorius XIVInnocentius IXClemens VIIILeo XIPaulus VGregorius XVUrbanus VIIIInnocentius XAlexander VIIClemens IXClemens XInnocentius XIAlexander VIIIInnocentius XIIClemens XIInnocentius XIIIBenedictus XIIIClemens XIIBenedictus XIVClemens XIIIClemens XIVPius VIPius VII [2][3][86]
Parma
Duchy of Parma
1545 1802 Parma
Ferdinando I • Maria Luigia
[2][3]
Picardy
Province of Picardy
Picardie
[2][5]
Pisa
Republic of Pisa 1005 1406 Pisa Simone Orlandi [2][3]
Pomerania
Duchy of Pomerania 1121 1637
Stettin
Boguslaw XIII • Filip IIFranciszek IBoguslaw XIV
[2][3][87]
Portugal
Kingdom of Portugal 1139 1910 Lisboa [2][5][88]
Provence
County of Provence
879 1481 Provence
Charles III
[2][5][89]
Prussia
Prussia 1525 1947 Königsberg AlbrechtAlbrecht FriedrichJohann SigismundGeorg WilhelmFriedrich WilhelmFriedrich IFriedrich Wilhelm IFriedrich II der GroßeFriedrich Wilhelm IIFriedrich Wilhelm III [2][42][90]
Ravensburg
County of Ravensberg 1140 1807
Oberschwaben
[2][3]
Riga
Archbishopric of Riga 1186 1561 Riga Johann VJohann VIHenning ScharffenbergSilvester StodwescherStephan GrubeMichael HildebrandJasper LindeJohann IV BlankenfeldeThomas SchöningWilhelm von Brandenburg [2][42][91]
Roman Empire
Eastern Roman Empire 330 1453 Roma [2][3][92]
Salzburg
Archbishopric of Salzburg
1328 1803 Salzburg
Hieronymus von Colloredo • Ferdinand von Österreich
[2][3]
Sardinia
Kingdom of Sardinia 1324 1861 Sassari Mariano VGuglielmo I [2][3]
Sardinia-Piedmont
Kingdom of Sardinia (1700–1720) 1700 1720 Piedmont
Vittorio Emanuele I
[2][3][93]
Savoy
Duchy of Savoy 1416 1792 Savoie
Vittorio Amedeo II
[2][3][94]
Saxe-Lauenburg
Saxe-Lauenburg 1296 1803 Lauenburg Erich IVErich VBernhard IIJohann VMagnus IFranz IFranz IIAugustJulius HeinrichFrancis ErdmannJulius Franz [2][3]
Saxony
Electorate of Saxony 1356 1806 Leipzig [2][3][95]
Scandinavia Scandinavia Stockholm [2][3][96]
Scotland
Kingdom of Scotland 843 1707 Lothian
James V • Mary IJames VICharles IAlexanderCharles IIJames VIIWilliam IIIJames VIIIAnne
[2][5][97]
Sicily
Kingdom of Sicily 1130 1816 Syracuse
Vittorio Amedeo II • Ferrante IV
[2][3]
Siena
Republic of Siena 1167 1555 Siena
Raffaele Petrucci • Francesco PetrucciFabio Petrucci
[2][3][98]
Silesia
Duchies of Silesia 1335 1742 Ratibor Henryk IXRuprecht IILudwik IIIFryderyk IJan IIFryderyk IIFryderyk IIIHenryk XIFryderyk IVJoachim Fryderyk IJan Krystian IJerzy IIIKrystian IJerzy Wilhelm I [2][42][99]
Sligo
County of Sligo Sligo
Maghnus • TadhgDomhnallRuaidhrÃFeidhlimidhTadhgDomnhnallAn CalbhachDonnchadh
[2][5][100]
Spain
Spanish Empire 1492 1975 Madrid
Fernando VII
[2][5][101]
Styria
Duchy of Styria 1180 1918 Graz Wilhelm IErnst IFriedrich III [2][3]
Sweden
Swedish Empire 1611 1721 Stockholm
Karl XIV Johan
[2][3][102]
Switzerland
Old Swiss Confederacy 1300 1798 Bern [2][3][103]
Teutonic Order
State of the Teutonic Order 1230 1525 Königsberg Konrad von JungingenUlrich von JungingenHeinrich von PlauenMichael KüchmeisterPaul von RusdorfKonrad von ErlichshausenLudwig von ErlichschausenHeinrich Reuss von PlauenHeinrich Reffle von RichtenbergMartin von WetzhausenJohann von TiefenFriedrich von SachsenAlbrecht von Hohenzollern [2][42][104]
Tirol
County of Tyrol 1140 1919
Tirol
Wilhelm IFriedrich IVSigismund IFriedrich VMaximilian IKarl IFerdinand IFerdinand IIRudolfMaximilian IILeopold VClaudia de Medici (regent)Ferdinand CharlesSigismund Francis [2][3]
The Knights
Knights Hospitaller 1099 Malta
Francisco Ximenes de Texada • Emmanuel de Rohan-PolducFerdinand von Hampesch
[2][3][105]
Thomond
Thomond 1118 1543 Limerick
Muireadhach II
[2][5][106]
Thuringia
Duchy of Thuringia 632 1440
Thüringen
[2][3][107]
Toulouse
County of Toulouse 849 1271 Toulouse [2][5]
Trier
Electorate of Trier 898 1801 Trier
Klemens von Sachsen
[2][3]
Tuscany
Grand Duchy of Tuscany 1569 1801 Tuscany [2][3][108]
Tyrone
Earldom of Tyrone
Ulster
Turlough I • Áed XIV
[2][5]
Ulm
Free Imperial City of Ulm 1181 1803 Ulm [2][3]
Ulster
Earldom of Ulster 1205 1827 Ulster Art RoeDonalArthur [2][5]
Urbino
Duchy of Urbino 1213 1625 Urbino
Francesco Ubaldo I
[2][3]
Utrecht
Episcopal principality of Utrecht
1024 1528 Utrecht Frederick IIIRudolf IGijsbrecht IDavid IFrederik IVFilips IHendrik II [2][5]
Venice
Republic of Venice 697 1797 Venezia
Alvise IV Mocenigo • Paulo RainieroLudovico Manin
[2][3][109]
Verden
Verden 1180 1807 Stade
Johann Friedrich I • Friedrich II
[2][3][110]
Wales
Principality of Wales 1216 1542 Gwynedd [2][5][111]
Westphalia
Kingdom of Westphalia 1807 1813
Hessen
Jérôme [2][3][112]
Wurttemberg
Duchy of Württemberg 1495 1803 Württemberg Eberhard IIIEberhard IVUlrich VEberhard IEberhard IIUlrichChristophLudwig der FrommeFriedrich IJohann FriedrichEberhard IIIWilhelm LudwigFriedrich KarlEberhard LudwigKarl AlexanderKarl EugenLudwig EugenFriedrich II EugenFriedrich IWilliam I [2][3]
Wurzburg
Bishopric of Würzburg
1168 1803 Würzburg GerhardJohann IJohann IISigmund von SachsenGottfried IVJohann III von GrumbachRudolf II von SchrenbergLorenz von BibraKonrad von ThüngenHeinrich PfeifferKonrad von BibraMelchior von GiebelstadtFriedrich von WirsbergJulius von MespelbrunnJohann von AschausenPhilipp von EhrenbergFranz von HatzfeldJohann von SchönbornJohann von RosenbachPeter von DernbachKonrad Wilhelm von WernauJohann von GuttenbergJohann von GreiffenklauJohann Philipp FranzChristoph von HuttenFriedrich von SchönbornAnselm von IngelheimKarl von GreiffenklauAdam von SeinsheimFranz Ludwig von ErthalGeorg Karl von FechenbachFerdinand von Osterreich [2][3][113]

Eastern

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital Names Notes
Eastern Achaea
Principality of Achaea 1205 1432 Achaea
Maria II • Centurione II
[2][42]
Albania
Principality of Kastrioti 1389 1468 Albania Gjergj SkanderbegGjon IIConstantino [2][42][114]
Armenia
Turkmen Armenia 1335 1508 Yerevan [2][42][115]
Bosnia
Kingdom of Bosnia 1377 1463
Visoki
Stjepan OstojaStjepan OstojicRadivoj OstojicStjepan Tvrtko IIStjepan Tomaš OstojicStjepan Tomaševic [2][42][115]
Bulgaria
Second Bulgarian Empire 1185 1422
Tarnovo
[2][42][116]
Byzantium
Byzantine Empire 330 1453 Constantinople Manuel IIIoannes VIIIKonstantinos XI [2][42][117]
Chernigov
Principality of Chernigov 988 1402
Chernigov
[2][42]
Circassia
Circassia 1500 1864 Circassia Petrezok [2][42][118]
Commonwealth
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1569 1795
Krakow
Henryk IStefan IZygmunt IIIWladyslaw IVJan II KazimierzMichal I KorybutJan IIIAugust II MocnyStanislaw IAugust III SasStanislaw II [2][42][119]
Corfu
Corfu under Venetian rule
1363 1797 Corfu Carlos ICarlos IILeonardo II [2][42]
Crete
Ottoman Crete 1646 1898 Crete [2][42]
Croatia
Croatia in the union with Hungary
1102 1526 Zagreb JohnLászlóHerman IIMirkoIvanBlaz MadarDamjanHerceg IvanIvanMirkoIvan [2][42][120]
Epirus
Despotate of Epirus 1356 1479 Crete Esau IGiorgio ICarlos ICarlos II [2][42]
Galicia-Volhynia
Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia 1199 1349 Volhynia [2][42]
Georgia
Kingdom of Georgia
Kingdom of Kartli
1008 1762 Kartli
Davit X • Giorgi IXLuarsab ISimon IGiorgi XHeraclius II
[2][42][121]
Greece
Ottoman Greece 1458 1832 Athens [2][42][122]
Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary I
Kingdom of Hungary II
1301 1867 Pest [2][42][123]
Imereti
Kingdom of Imereti 1260 1810 Imereti
Solomon II
[2][124]
Jerusalem
Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 1291 Jerusalem [2][42][125]
Karelia
East Karelia 1617 1918 Karelia [2][42]
Kiev
Kiev Voivodeship 1471 1793
Kiev
[2][42][126]
Krakow
Krakow Voivodeship 1300 1795
Krakow
[2][42]
Lithuania
Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1236 1795
Vilna
VytautasSvitrigailaZygimantasKazimierzAleksandras IZygimantas I StaryZygimantas II August [2][42][127]
Livonia
Duchy of Livonia 1561 1621
Dorpat
[2][42]
Mazovia
Duchy of Masovia 1138 1526
Warszawa
[2][42]
Moldavia
Moldavia 1346 1859
Alexandru XII • Constantin VIIIAlexandru XIIIScarlat IIMahai V
[2][42]
Montenegro
1362 1852 Zeta
Petar I
[2][42][128]
Morea
Despotate of the Morea 1349 1460 Morea Theodoros ITheodoros IIDemetrios II [2][42]
Muscovy
Grand Duchy of Moscow
1283 1547 Moskva Vasiliy IVasiliy II TemnyIvan III Veliky [2][42][129]
Naxos
Duchy of Naxos 1207 1579 Naxos Giacomo IGiovanni IIGiacomo IIGian GiacomoGuglielmo IIFrancesco IIGiacomo IIIGiovanni IIIFrancesco IIIGiovanni IVGiacomo IVGiuseppe [2][42][130]
Nitra
Principality of Nitra
Érsekújvár
[2][42]
Nizhny Novgorod
Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod Dmitry I [2][42][131]
Novgorod
Novgorod Republic 1136 1478
Novgorod
Evfimy IIIonaFeofil [2][42][132]
Odoyev Odoyev Odayev IvanSemen [2][42]
Perm
Great Perm 1323 1505 Cherdyn Yermolay IMikhail IMatvey I [2][42][133]
Poland
Kingdom of Poland
1385 1569
Krakow
Kazimierz IVJan I OlbrachtAleksander IZygmunt I StaryZygmunt II AugustHenryk IStefan IZygmunt IIIWladyslaw IVJan II KazimierzMichal I KorybutJan IIIAugust II MocnyStanislaw IAugust III SasStanislaw II [2][42][134]
Polotsk
Principality of Polotsk 987 1397 Polotsk [2][42][135]
Pskov
Pskov Republic 1348 1510 Pskov IvanDaniilKonstantinAleksandr IVAndrei IIFyodor IFyodor IIDmitriy IVladimir IIAleksandr VAleksandr VIVasiliy IIIIvan IVValdimir IIIIvan VFyodor IIIYaroslav IIDaniil IIVasiliy IVSemyonVasiliy VIvan VIDmitriyIvan VII [2][42][136]
Ragusa
Republic of Ragusa 1358 1808 Ragusa [2][42][137]
Russia
Tsardom of Russia
Russian Empire
1547 1917 Moskva [2][42][138]
Ruthenia
Ruthenian Voivodeship 1434 1772
Kiev
[2][42][139]
Ryazan Principality of Ryazan 1097 1521 Ryazan Oleg IvanovichFyodor OlegovichIvan Fyodorovich [2][42][140]
Romania
Early Modern Romania
1600 1881 Targoviste [2][42][141]
Sapmi
Sápmi Lappland [2][42][142]
Serbia
Serbian Despotate
Revolutionary Serbia
Principality of Serbia
1402 1459 Serbia
Milosh I
[2][42][143]
Smolensk Principality of Smolensk 1054 1387 Smolensk Yury I [2][42][144]
Theodoro
Principality of Theodoro 1300 1475
Theodoro
AlexisManuel OlubeiIsaacAlexander [2][42][145]
Transylvania
Principality of Transylvania 1570 1711
Hunyad
István • GáborGáborGyörgy IGyörgy IIFerenc IFerenc II
[2][42][146]
Trebizond
Empire of Trebizond 1204 1461 Trebizond Manuel IIIAlexios IVIoannes IVDauid [2][42][147]
Tver Principality of Tver 1246 1485 Tver Mikhail IIIvanBorisMikhail IIIIvan II [2][42][148]
Wallachia
Wallachia 1330 1859 Tîrgoviste
Alexandru VIII • Constantin VConstantin VIIoan IIAlexandru IX Sutu
[2][42][149]
Yaroslavl Principality of Yaroslavl 1218 1463 Yaroslavl Ivan BolshoyFedorAlexandr Bryukhatiy [2][42][150]
Zaporozhie
Zaporizhian Sich
1471 1828
Zaporozhia
Rozumovsky
[2][42][151]

Anatolian

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital Names Notes
Anatolian Aydin
Beylik of Aydin
1308 1426 Sugla
Junayd
[2][124]
Candar
Beylik of Candar
1292 1461 Sinop
Ahmed
[2][124]
Dulkadir
Beylik of Dulkadir 1337 1522
Marash
Sahsuvaroglu Ali
[2][124]
Eretna
Beylik of Eretna
1335 1381 Sivas [2][124]
Germiyan
Beylik of Germiyan
1300 1429 Kütahya
Yakub II
[2][124]
Karaman
Beylik of Karaman
1250 1487 Karaman
Pîr Ahmed • KâsimTurgutoglu Mahmûd
[2][124][152]
Mentese
Beylik of Menteşe
1260 1424 Mentese Ilyas I [2][124]
Ottomans
Ottoman Empire 1299 1922 Edirne [2][124][153]
Ramazan
Beylik of Ramazan
1352 1608 Adana [2][124]
Saruhan
Beylik of Saruhan
1300 1410
Saruhan
Hizir I [2][124]

Muslim

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital Names Notes
Muslim Adal
Adal Sultanate 1415 1577
Harer
Sabr • MansurJamalBadlayMohammedShamsMohamedMahfuz'AbuAhmad GranBat'iahNur
[2][154]
Afghanistan
Hotak dynasty
Durrani Empire
Emirate of Afghanistan
1501 1926 Kandahar HakimMir WaysMir 'Abd-al'AzizMir MahmudMir AshrafMir HusaynAhmad Shah Durr-i-DurranTaimur ShahZaman ShahMahmud ShahShuja ShahMahmud ShahAli ShahAyub Shah [2][124][155]
Algiers
Ottoman Algeria
1517 1830 Algiers
Ibrâhîm I • Ibrâhîm IIMuhammad II'Alî IIMuhammad IIIMustafaAhmed'Alî III'Umar'Alî IVHusain III
[2][124][156]
Andalusia
Andalusia Cordoba [2][124][157]
Arabia
Arabian Peninsula Mecca [2][124][158]
Ardalan
Ardalan 1169 1867 Ardalan
Soleiman • SobhanverdiKhosrowAman-Allah
[2][124]
Baluchistan
Khanate of Kalat 1666 1955 Quetta
Mir Mahmud I
[2][124][159]
Bohtan
Bohtan 700 1847 Cizre
Badr Khan
[2][124]
Bukhara
Khanate of Bukhara
Emirate of Bukhara
1500 1920 Kypshak
Muhammad Rahim • DaniyalShahmuradHaydar
[2][160]
Djerid
Sultanate of Djerid Gafsa AbuAbu IIHassanHassan IIHassan IIIAbu IIIAbu IVAbu VHassan IV [2][154]
Egypt
Egypt Eyalet
1517 1867 Cairo [2][161]
Fez
Wattasid dynasty 1472 1554 Fez
Mohammed al-Hajj
[2][154]
Fezzan
Sultanate of Fezzan Fezzan AbdûlazzâAbdûlazzâ IIAbdûlazzâ IIIMuhammad ibn al-MustansirAl-NasirAl-MansurTahirMuhammad INagibMuhammad II al-NasirMuhammad IIIAhmad ITahir IIAhmad IIMuhammad IVMuhammad VMuhammad VIYusuf al-Mukkani [2][154]
Gazikumukh Gazikumukh Shamkhalate
Gazikumukh Khanate
700 1860
Khundzia
ShamkhalAlibekUmal-MuhammadBudaiSurkhay IChopanAlibek ISurkhay IIAndiaEldarAidermirAlibek IISurkhay IIIMurtazaliMuhammadSurkhay IV [2][124]
Granada
Emirate of Granada 1238 1492 Granada
Muhammad XIII
[2][5][162]
Haasa Haasa ? 1795
Al-Qatif
Ajwad ibn ZamilMuqrin ibn ZamilMuhammad ISadun IBarrak IAliSulyamanUrayir ibn DudjaynSadun IIZayidBarrak IINadjim ibn DuhaynimSulayman ibn Muhammad [2][124]
Hejaz
Sharifate of Mecca
Hejaz
968 1925 Mecca
Gâlib • Yahyâ II
[2][124][163]
Hormuz Ormus 900 1650 Hormuz Fakhr al-Din [2][124][164]
Hisn Kayfa
Hisn Kayfa Sultanate 1350 1462 Hisn Kayfa al-'Adil Fakhr al-Dinal-Ashraf Sharaf al-Dinal-Salih Salah al-Dinal-Kamil IV AhmadKhalil [2][165]
Iraq
Baghdad Eyalet 1535 1864 Baghdad [2][124]
Kabylia
Kingdom of Ait Abbas
1515 1872 Kabylia AbderrahmaneAhmed IAbdelazizAhmed ISidi NaceurBetkaBouzidBouzid IIAbdesselemBouzid IIIAbdallah [2][154]
Khiva
Khanate of Khiva 1511 1920 Urgench [2][124][166]
Khorasan
Greater Khorasan 821 1881 Birjand
Shah Rukh
[2][124]
Kokkand Kokkand Kokand [2][167]
Lebanon
Sidon Eyalet 1660 1864 Sidon [2][124]
Mamluks
Mamluk Sultanate
1250 1517 Cairo
Tûmân Bay II • Alî l-KabîrMehmedMuradOsmanMuhammad 'Alî
[2][124][168]
Morocco
Alaouite dynasty
1244 Fez
Abd al-Karim ibn Abi-Bakr • Abu Bakr ibn Abd al-Karimar-RashidIsmâ'îlAhmad'Abd AllâhMuhammad IIIal-YazîdSulaymân
[2][154][169]
Mughals
Mughal Empire 1526 1857
Central Doab
BâburHumâyûnAkbar IJahângîrShâh JehânAurangzîb AlamgirBahâdur Shâh IJahandar ShahFarrukh SiyarRafi-ul DarjatRafi ud-DaulahMuhammad IbrahimMuhammad ShâhAhmad Shâh'Alamgir IIShâh Jahân IIIShâh 'Alam IIAkbar II [2][124][170]
Mzab M'zab State Mzab HassanBahayouBakirAbu ZakariyaDahmanAbd al-Aziz [2][154]
Najd
Najd Emirate
Emirate of Diriyah
1818 Al-Arid
Abdullah I
[2][124][171]
Oman
Oman
751 1970 Masqat MahzumSulaymân'UmarMuhammaed I • Ahmad • Abu'l-Hasan • Muhammad II • Barakât • Makhzûm • Habhân • 'Umayr • NâsirSultân IAbi'l-'Arab ISayf ISultân IIMuhannâSayf IIMuhammad IIISultân IIIAbi'l-'Arab IIAhmadSâ'îd ISâlim ISâ'îd II [2][124][172]
Persia
Persian Empire
-559 1979 Tabriz [2][124][173]
Semien
Kingdom of Semien
350 1627 Semien Gideon VGideon VIJoramRadiCalebGoshenGideon VIIPinchas [2][124][174]
Shammar
Shammar
Jabal Shammar
Abdullah [2][124][175]
Sharjah
Emirate of Sharjah 1727
Qawasim
RashidSaqr ISultan I • ah-Husayn • al-Hasan [2][124]
Shirvan
Shirvan 861 1538 Shirvan
Ibrahim II • Ibrahim III
[2][124]
Sus
Kingdom of Sus
1250 1850 Sus
Muhammad
[2][154]
Syria
Mamluk Syria 1516 Damascus [2][124][176]
Tabarestan
Tabaristan 655 1598
Mazandaran
Jahangir • Bisutun IIBahmanKayumarth IIAzizJahangir II
[2][124]
Tafilalt
Tafilalt 1668 Tafilalt [2][154]
Tlemcen
Kingdom of Tlemcen 1235 1556 Tlemcen Muhammad IIIAbdallah IMuhammad IVAbd al-WahidMuhammad VAhmad IIMuhammad VIMuhammad VIIMûsa III'Abd Allâh IIIAhmad IIIal-Hasan [2][154]
Touggourt
Touggourt Sultanate 1414 1854 Touggourt MubarakAli IIIMustafaSulayman IIIAhmad IIMuhammad al-'AkhalAhmad IVFarhatIbrahimAbd al-QadirKhalidAbd al-Qadir AhmadUmar bin KumetinMuhammad IIUmar bin Muhammad IIAhmad VIAbd al-Kadir IIFarhat IIIbrahim IIMuhammad III [2][154]
Tripoli
Ottoman Tripolitania 1551 1911 Tripoli
'Alî I • 'Alî BorgulYusuf
[2][154][177]
Tunis
1229 1881 Tunis
Uthman • Mahmud
[2][154][178]
Yemen
Greater Yemen ? 1990
Sana'a
Isma'il ISaladin Ahmad'AbdallahIsma'il IIYahyaIsma'il IIIYusuf IISalâh ad-Din 'Amir I'Alî'Abd al-WahhâbSalâh ad-Din 'Amir IIal-QâsimMuhammad IIsmâ'îlAhmad IMuhammad IIMuhammad IIIal-Qâsim Ial-Husaynal-'Abbâs'Alî IAhmad IIAbdallah I [2][124]

Indian

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital Names Notes
Indian Andhra
Andhrapuramu
1325 1448 Konaseema KumaragiriKataya VemaAlladaVeerabhadraRaghuveera [2][179][180][181]
Assam
Kingdom of Assam 1228 1826 Assam [2][179][182][183]
Ahmednagar
Ahmadnagar Sultanate 1490 1636
Ahmadnagar
Ahmad Shah IBurhan Shah IMurtaza Shah IMaran Husayn Shah IIIsma'il ShahBurhan Shah IIIbrahim ShahAhmad ShahBahadur ShahMurtaza Shah IIBurhan Shah IIIHusayn Shah II [2][179][184]
Bagelkhand
Rewa State 1140 1948 Bagelkhand Virama DevShaktivan DeoVeer SinghVirbhan SinghRamachandra SinghDuryodhan SinghVikramadityaAmar Singh IIAnoop SinghBhao SinghAnirudh SinghAvadhut SinghAjit SinghJai Singh [2][179][185]
Baglana
Dharampur State 1637 Baglana JopidevaNanadeva IIBhairavaBhairava IIViramasenaBhairava IIISomdevjiSahadevjiDharamdevji RamdevjiSomdevjiRupdevji SomdevjiVijayadevji Rupdevji [2][179][186]
Bahmanis
Bahmani Sultanate
Bidar Sultanate
1347 1619 Bidar
Muhammad Shah III • Qasim IAmir IAliIbrahimQasim IIAli IIAmir IIMirza AliAmir III
[2][179][187][188]
Baroda
Baroda State 1721 1949 Baroda Pilaji RaoDamaji Rao IISayaji Rao IFateh Singh RaoManaji RaoGovind RaoAnand RaoSayaji Rao II [2][179][189]
Bastar
Bastar State
1324 1948 Bastar Hamir DeoBhaitai DeoPurushottam DeoPratap DeoDigpal DeoRajpal DeoDakhin SinghDalpat DeoDaryao DeoMahipal Deo [2][179][190]
Bengal
Bengal Sultanate
Bengal Subah
Bengal Presidency
1342 1947 Gauda
Mubarak ad-Daula
[2][179][191][192]
Berar
Berar Sultanate
1490 1572 West Berar Fath Allah 'Imad Malik'Ala' ad-dinDariyaBurkhan 'Imad ShahTaufal Khan [2][179][193]
Bharat
Bharat 1947 Delhi [2][179][194][195]
Bijapur
Bijapur Sultanate 1490 1686 Bijapur YusufIsmailMalluIbrahim IAli IIbrahim IIMuhammadAli IISikandar [2][179][196]
Bundelkhand
Orchha State 1501 1950 Kalpi Nasir al-Din Mahmud ShahQadir ShahFath al-Din Jalal ShahNasir KhanMalkhan SinghRudra-pratap SinghBharti-candra IMadukar ShahRam ShahBir Singh Deo IJujhar SinghDevi SinghPahar SinghSujan Singh IIndramani SinghJaswant SinghBaghwat SinghUdwat SinghPrithvi SinghSawant Singh MahendraHati Singh MahendraMan Singh MahendraBharti-candra II MahendraVikramajit Mahendra [2][179][197]
Carnatic
Arcot State
1509 1859 Gingee [2][179][198]
Ceylon
Kingdom of Kotte
Kingdom of Kandy
1412 1815
Kotte
[2][179][199][200]
Chanda
Chanda State Chanda Bhuma & LokbaKaran ShahBabji Ballal SahDhundya Ram SahKrasna SahBir SahHirai SahRam SahNilkanth Sah [2][179][201]
Deccan
Hyderabad Deccan 1724 1948 Marathwada
Sikandar Jah
[2][179][202]
Delhi
Delhi Sultanate 1206 1526 Delhi
Ibrâhîm Shâh • Hemu
[2][179][203]
Dhundhar
Jaipur State
1128 1949 Dhundar [2][179][204]
Garhwal
Garhwal Kingdom 823 1949 Garhwal Sundar PalHansdeo PalBijai PalSahaj PalBalbhadra ShahMan Shah IShyam ShahMahipat ShahPrithvi ShahFateh ShahUpendra ShahPradip ShahLalit ShahJaikarat ShahPradyuman ShahSudarshan Shah [2][179][205]
Garjat
1493 1849 Sambalpur Haria DeoJugasai Deo IIPratapnayan Deo IIHarirudra DeoAnku DeoPratap DeoRaghunath DeoBiswambhar DeoRaisingh Deo IIDusmant DeoJugasai Deo IIIKhadag Rai DeoRaisingh Deo IIIPurusottam DeoJugasai Deo IV [2][179][206]
Golkonda
Golkonda Sultanate 1512 1687
Golconda
Quli Qutb-ul-Mulk • Jamshid QuliSubhan QuliIbrahim QuliMuhammad IMuhammad IIAbd AllahAbu'l-Hasan
[2][179][207]
Gondwana
Gondwana 1398 1781 Mahakoshal [2][179][208]
Gujarat
Gujarat Sultanate 1407 1573 Ahmadabad [2][179][209][210]
Gwalior
Gwalior Kingdom
Gwalior State
-500 1948 Gird Beersingh DeoMan SinghRanojiraoJayapparaoJankijirao IMadhavrao IDaulatrao I [2][179][211]
Habsan
Janjira State 1489 1948 Chaul [2][179][212]
Hadoti
Bundi Kingdom 1200 1947 Hadoti HamujBirsinghBiruBanduNarayan DasSuraj MalSurtan SinghSurjan SinghBhoj SinghRatan SinghChatra SinghBao SinghAnirudh SinghDalel SinghUmaid SinghAjit SinghBishen Singh [2][179][213]
Hindustan
Hindustan 1947 Delhi [2][179][214][215]
Jaffna
Jaffna Kingdom 1215 1624 Vanni Kanakasooriya CinkaiariyanSapumal KumarayaSingai PararasasegaramCankiliPuviraja PandaramKasi NayinarPeriyapillaiEthirimana CinkamCankili II [2][179][216]
Jaisalmer
Jaisalmer State 1156 1949 Jaisalmer BhanwarLunkaranMaldevHarrajBhim SinghKalyan DasManohar DasRamchandarSabal SinghAmar SinghJaswant SinghBudh SinghAkhai SinghMulraj Singh IIGaj Singh [2][179][217]
Jangladesh
Bikaner State 1465 1947 Jangladesh RaoBikaNaroji SinghJetsiji SinghKalyan SinghRaj SinghDalpat SinghSur SinghKaran SinghAnup SinghSarup SinghSujan SinghZorawar SinghGaj SinghRaj Singh IIPratap SinghSurat Singh [2][179][218]
Jaunpur Jaunpur Sultanate 1394 1479 Jaunpur
Chait Singh • Mahipat SinghUdit Singh
[2][179][219][220]
Jharkhand
Jharkhand Kingdom 150 1947 Jharkhand [2][179][221]
Kachar
Kachari Kingdom
1250 1854 Naga ManiphaLadaphaKhoraphaKhunkhoraphaDetsungphaNirbhay NarayanHarmesvarMegha NarayanaSatrrudamanNar NarayanBhimdarpa NarayanIndraballabh NarayaBirdarpa NarayanGarurdhwaj NarayanMakardhwajUdayadityaTamradhwaj NarayanChandraprabhaSuradarpa NarayanDharmadhwaj NarayanKirichandra NarayanGopichandra NarayanHarischandraKrishnachandra NarayanGobindchandra Narayan [2][179][222]
Kangra
Kangra State
1400 1948 Kangra Megh ChandHari Chand IKaran Chand IISansar Chand IDevangga ChandNarendra ChandSuvira ChandPrayag ChandRam ChandDharam ChandManika ChandJai Chand VBidhi ChandTriloka ChandHari Chand IIChandarbhan ChandVijay Ram ChandUdi Ram ChandBhim ChandAlam Chand IIHamir ChandAbhay ChandShrinagar ChandGhamir ChandGhamand ChandTegh ChandSansar Chand II [2][179][223][224]
Kashmir
Kashmir 1346 1589 Kashmir [2][179][225]
Kathiawar
Kathiawar Kingdom
Kutch
AmarjiBhenjiHamirjiRavalj LakhajiVibhaji RavaljiSataji VibhajiJasaji SatajiLakhaji AjojiRanmalji LakhajiRajsinhji I AjojiTamachi RajsinhjiLakhaji II TamachiRajsinhji II LakhajiHardholji LakhajiTamachi HardholjiLakhaji III TamachiJasaji LakhajiSataji Lakhaji [2][179][226]
Keladi Keladi Nayaka Kingdom 1499 1763 Malenadu Chaudappa NayakaSadashiva NayakaSankanna NayakaChikkasankannaRamaraja NayakaHiriya Venkatappa NayakaVirabhadra NayakaShivappa NayakaChikkavenkatappa NayakaBhadrappa NayakaSomashekaraChennammaBasavappaSomashekara IIKiriya BasavappaChennabasappaVirammaji [2][179][227]
Khandesh
Khandesh Sultanate
1382 1601 Khandesh Nasir KhanMiran Adil Khan IMiran Mubarak Khan I'Adil Khan IIDa'ud KhanGhazni KhanAlam Khan'Adil KhanMiran Muhammad Khan IMiran Mubarak Shah IIMiran Muhammad Shah IIRajah 'Ali KhanMiran Bahadur Shah [2][179][228]
Koch
Koch Kingdom
Koch Hajo
1515 1949 Koch
Lakshmi • BirPranMadanBasudevMahendraRupUpendraDebendraDhairjendraRajendraDharendraHarendra
[2][179][229]
Kochin
Kingdom of Cochin 700 1949 Kochin [2][179][230]
Ladakh
Ladakh 1460 1842 Ladakh
Tsewang II • TsetanTsepel Tondup
[2][179][231]
Madurai
Madurai Nayak dynasty 1529 1736 Tirunelveli ParakramaViraVira IIParakrama IIVishvanathaKumara Periaya KrishnappaKrishnappa PeriayaLingayya KumaraMutu KrishnappaMuttu Virappa ITirumalaMuttu Virappa IIChokkanatha IMuttu LingaMuttu Varappa IIIChokkanatha IIMinakshi [2][179][232]
Malabar
Malabar Kingdom
1100 1806 Malabar Manaveda IManavikraman IManaveda IIManavikraman IIViraraya IManavikraman IIIViraraya IIManaveda IIIManaveda IVViraraya IIIManaveda VUtrattati TirunalManavikraman IV Bharani TirunalNileswaramManaveda VIManavikraman VManaveda VIIViraraya IVManaveda VIII [2][179][233]
Maldives
Maldives Sultanate
1117 Maldives Hussan INasr ud-DinHassan IIIbrahim IDanna MohammedHasan IIIMuhammad VIHasan IV'UmarHasan VHasan VIIbrahim IIYusuf III'Ali IVMuhammad VIIHasan VIIAhmad'Ali VMuhammad VIIIHasan IXAbu Bakr II'Ali VIMuhammad IXIbrahim IIIKamanfa'anuHusayn II'Imad ad-Din IIskandar IMuhammad XMuhi ad-DinShams ad-Din IMuhammad IV'Ali VHasan XMuzhir ad-Din'Imad ad-Din IIIskandar II'Imad ad-Din III'Izz ad-DinShams ad-DinMu'izz ad-DinMuzhir ad-DinMuin ad-Din Iskander [2][234][235]
Malwa
Malwa Sultanate 1392 1562 Mandu [2][179][236][237]
Manipur
Manipur 1110 1949 Manipur [2][179][238][239]
Marathas
Maratha Empire
1674 1818 South Konkan
Pratap Singh
[2][179][240]
Marwar
Jodhpur State
1250 1949 Gorwar
Man Singh
[2][179][241]
Mewar
Mewar Kingodm
530 1949
Chittor
[2][179][242][243]
Mewat
Wali-e-Mewat
Alwar State
1372 1527
Mewat
[2][179][244]
Multan Multan Sultanate 1557 Multan QutbudinHussain IFiruzshahMahmudHussain IIGhazi Khan Mirrani [2][179][245]
Mysore
Kingdom of Mysore 1399 1950 Mysore
Krishna Râja III
[2][179][246]
Nagaur Nagaur Sultanate 1388 1513 Nagaur Firuz KhanQiyam KhanShams KhanMuhammad Khan [2][179][247]
Nagpur
Nagpur Kingdom
1700 1853 East Berar
Mudhoji II • Raghoji III
[2][179][248]
Nepal
Malla (Nepal)
Kingdom of Nepal
1201 2008 Kathmandu
Rajendra Bikram
[2][179][249][250]
Orissa
Gajapati Kingdom
1434 1541 Cuttack [2][179][251][252]
Oudh
Oudh State 1732 1858 Lucknow [2][179][253]
Patiala
Patiala State 1763 1948
Sirhind
Ala SinghAmar SinghSahib SinghKaram Singh [2][179][254]
Punjab
Punjab Empire 1799 1849 Lahore [2][179][255][256]
Rewa Kantha
Rajpipla State
Rewa Kantha Agency
1340 1948 Rewakantha PalandevPatai RawalArsisinhjiHamirsinhji IIBhimsinhji [2][179][257]
Rohilkhand
Rohilkhand
Rampur State
1690 1947
Katehar
Ali Muhammad KhanHafiz Rahmat KhanFaizullah KhanMuhammad Ali Khan BahadurGhulam Muhammad Khan BahadurAhmad Ali Khan Bahadur [2][179][258]
Sadiya
Sadiya Kingdom
1248 1524 Sadiya Mayuradhvaj PalJayadhvaj PalKarmadhvaj PalDhir Narayan [2][179][259]
Sind
Samma dynasty
Arghun dynasty
Tarkhan dynasty
Sindh
1351 1843 Thatta [2][179][260]
Tirhut
Oinwar dynasty 1323 1526 Tirhut Padma SinghBishwas DeviHari SinghNar SinghDhir SinghBhairav SinghRambhadra SinghRambhadra Singh [2][179][261][262]
Tripura
Tripura Kingdom
Tripura State
1463 1947 Tripura
Ramdev • RatnaNarendraMahendraDharmaMukundaJaiIndraKrishna
[2][179][263]
Venad
1100 1949
Venad
Chera Udaya VarmaMoothaSri Vira Martanda VarmaAditya VarmaRavi VarmaSri Vira Ravi VarmaMartanda VarmaUdaya Martanda VarmaKerala VarmaAditya VarmaSri Vira KulasekharaSri Vira VarmaRavi VarmaUnni Kerala VarmaUnni Kerala Varma IIAditya VarmaUnni Kerala Varma IIIRama VarmaMartanda Varma IRama Varma IIBala Rama Varma IGouri Laksmi BaiGouri Parvati Bai [2][179][264]
Vijayanagar
Vijayanagara Empire 1336 1646
Vijayanagar
Rama Raya • TirumalaRanga IVenkata IIRanga IIRâma ITimmaVenkata IIIRanga III
[2][179][265][266]

Chinese

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital Names Notes
Chinese Aceh
Aceh Sultanate 1496 1903
Lamuri
Inayat Shah'Alî Mugâyat ShâhSalâh ad-Dîn Ibrâhîm'Alâ ad-Dîn al-QahharHusayn 'Alî Ri'âyat ShâhSultân Sri 'ÂlamZayn al 'Âbidîn'Alâ' ad-Dîn Mansûr Shâh'Alî Ri'âyat ShâhSultân Buyong'Alâ' ad-Dîn Ri'âyat Shâh'Alî Mugât ShâhIskandar Muda ShâhIskandar Tanî 'Alâ ad-DînSafîyat ad-Dîn TâjNeqîyat ad-Dîn NûrZaqîyat ad-Dîn 'InâyaZirat ad-Dîn Kamâlat ShâhBadr ad-Dîn Sharîf HâshimPerkara 'Âlam SharîfJamâl al-'Âlam BadrShams al'-Âlam'Alâ' ad-Dîn Ahmad Shâh'Alâ' ad-Dîn Shâh JahânMahmûd Shâh I'Alâ' ad-Dîn Muhammad'Alâ' ad-Dîn JauharSyarif Saif ul Alam [2][234][267]
Ainu
Ainu people 1250 1869 Tokachi [2][268][269]
Amago
Amago clan 1325 1566 Izumo TakaujiTakahideTakahisaMochihisaKiyosadaTsunehisaHaruhisaYoshihisa [2][268][270]
Annam
House of Nguyễn
Nguyễn dynasty
1533 1945 Hue KimHoangPhuc NguyenPhuc LanPhuc TanPhuc TranPhuc ChuPhuc TruPhuc KhoatPhuc ThuanPhuc AnhPhuc Dam [2][234][271]
Arakan
Kingdom of Arakan
Kingdom of Mrauk U
-2666 1785 Mrauk U Radzathu IIThinkhathuSaw Mon IIIAnawrahtaKhayiLetyaNaranu'KhayiBa Saw PhyuDawlyaBa Saw NyoRan AungSalingathuRazaGazapatiSaw OThazataMinkhaungMin BinDikhaSaw HlaSekkyaHpalaungRazagriKhamaungThiri ThudhammaSanayNarapatiThadoSanda ThudhammaThiri ThudhammaWara DhammaMani DhammaSanda Thuriya INawrahtaMayonpiyaKalagandatNaradipati ISanda Wimala ISanda Thuriya IISanda Wizaya ISanda Thuriya IIINaradipadi IINarapawaraSanda Wizaya IIMadaritNara ApayaThirithuApayaSanda ThumanaSanda Wimala IISanda ThadithaThammada [2][234][272][273]
Asakura Ashikaga shogunate 1336 1573 Echizen UjikageSadakageNorikageTakakageYoshikage [2][268][274]
Ava
Kingdom of Ava 1364 1555 Ava [2][234][275]
Ayutthaya
Ayutthaya Kingdom 1351 1767
Ayutthaya
Rama II
[2][234][276][277]
Bali
Bali Kingdom 914 1908 Bali WikramawardhanaSuhitaDyah KertawijayaKetut NgulesirWatu RenggongDalem BekungDalem Di MadeDalem Di Made IIDewa Agung JambeDewa Agung Di MadeDewa Agung SaktiDewa Agung PutraDewa Agung Putra II [2][234][278][279]
Banjar
Sultanate of Banjar 1526 1860 Banjar SuriansyahRahmatullahHidayatullahMustain BillahInayatullahSaidullahRi'ayatullahAmrullah Bagus KasumaTahmidullah IPanembahan Kasuma DilagaHamidullahTamjidullah IMuhammadillahTahmidullahSulaiman al-Mutamidullah [2][234][280]
Banten
Banten Sultanate 1527 1813 Banten
Muhammad Rafiuddin
[2][234][281]
Bhutan
Bhutan 1616 Bhutan Ngawang NamgyalPekar JungneyKunga GyaltshenPhyogla NamgyalJigme NorbuMipham WangpoJigme Dragpa IChoeki GyaltshenJigme Dragpa II [2][282][283]
Blambangan
Kingdom of Blambangan
1352 1768 Blambangan Menak PentorSantagunaMas KarianSunan TawangalunPrabhu TawangalunPangeran PatiMancanagaraPangeran PutraDanuningratPangeran Wilis [2][234][284]
Brunei
Bruneian Empire
1368 1888 Brunei [2][234][285][286]
Buryatia
Buryatia 1923 Barguzin [2][282][287]
Buton
Buton Buton FakhrTuni PalongaShahabParabungTuni PasuluTuni DjalloriSankilangBatara GowaKaraeng Tunibatta'Abd al-KhaliqTunyachoka-riKaraeng Tunibatta'UthmânMuhammad 'AliAmir Hamza [2][234][288]
Champa
Champa 192 1832 Vijaya
P'an-lo T'u-ts'uan • SaktiraiGanvuhThuttiraiRattiraiTathunTithuntirai ITithuntirai IIChei Krei BreiTithunLathunChong Chan
[2][234][289][290]
Champasak
Kingdom of Champasak 1713 1946 Champasak Nan RatNokasatSaya KumaneXiang KeoFay NaNo MuongCha NouMa Noi [2][234][291]
Changsheng Changsheng Lingyun [2][292][293]
Chavchuveny Chavchuveny Gizhiga [2][282][294]
Chosokabe
Chōsokabe clan 1415 1615 Tosa YoshishigeFumikaneMotokadoKatsuchikaKanetsuguKunichikaMotochikaMorichika [2][295][296]
Chu
Wuchang
[292]
Chukchi
Chukchi people
Kagyrgyn
[2][282]
Cirebon
Sultanate of Cirebon 1445 1803 Cirebon Ki Gedeng TapaKi Gedheng DanuselaCakrabuanaSharif HidayatullahFatahillahPangeran MasRasmiMartawijayaKanomanAnom [2][234][297]
Dai Viet
Đại Việt 1428 1804
Dong Kinh
Hue • Quang Toan
[2][234][298][299]
Dali
Dali Kingdom 937 1253 Dali [2][292][300]
Date
Date clan 1189 Aizu YukitomoMunetoMasamuneUjimuneMochimuneNarimuneHisamuneTanemuneHarumuneTerumuneMasamuneTadamuneTsunamuneTsunamuraYoshimuraMunemuraShigemuraNarimuraChikamuneNarimuneNariyoshiYoshikuni [2][295]
Demak
Demak Sultanate 1475 1554
Demak
Raden PatahPati UnusTrengganaSunan PrawataArya Penangsang [2][234]
Guge Guge 912 1630 Ngari Namgyal DeNamkha Wangpo Phuntsog DeNamri Sanggye DeLobsang RabtenPhagspa LhaShakya ÖJigten Wangchuk Pekar DeNgagi WangchukWangchukTri NyimaTri DragpaTri Namgyal Dragpa DeTri Trashi Dragpa De [2][282]
Hatakeyama
Etchū Province
Hatakeyama clan
1205 1585
Etchu
Tanenaga • NagatsuneMasakuniTakamasaAkitakaMasanao
[2][295][301]
Hojo
Later Hōjō clan 1493 1590 Sagami SounUjitsunaUjiyasuUjimasa [2][295][302]
Hosokawa
Hosokawa clan 1336 1826 Settsu KazuujiKiyoujiYoriyukiYorimotoMitsumotoMochimotoMochiyukiKatsumotoMasamotoSumiyukiSumimotoTakakuniHarumotoNagayoshiYoshitsuguAkimotoFujitakaTadaokiTadatoshiMitsunaoTsunatoshiNobunoriMunetakaShigetakaHarutoshiNarishigeNaritatsuNarimori [2][295][303]
Hsenwi
Hsenwi State 650 1888 Hsenwi Sao HsamSao Hsam Si-LiAi Lao HkhamAi LaoNaw KiaoHsai HkawHsai HpomSao HsamSao Kham MuHpaya KiaoSao Mong HkaSao Hkham TaoSao Mong HkakSao OnSao In HkamSao AwkSao Mong SaikSao Hsam HpiMaung NyoSao Mong SinSao Mong HsamSao Kawng TaiSao Maha Hkanan [2][234]
Huai
Shiukwan [2][292]
Ikeda
Ikeda clan 1590 Ikeda TerumasaMitsumasaTsunamasaMunemasaHarumasaNarimasaNaritoshiYoshimasa [2][295]
Imagawa
Imagawa clan 1250 Suruga NorikuniNoriujiYasunoriNorimasaNoritadaYoshitadaUjichikaUjiteruYoshimotoUjizane [2][234][304]
Japan
Japan 1338 Kyoto TakaujiYoshiakiraYoshimitsuYoshimochiYoshinoriYoshikatsuYoshimasaYoshihisaYoshitaneYoshizumiYoshiharuYoshiteruYoshihideYoshiakiNobunagaHideyoshiHideyoriIeyasuHidetadaIemitsuIetsunaTsunayoshiIenobuIetsuguYoshimuneIeshigeIeharuIenariIeyoshiIesadaIemochi [2][295]
Jin
Jin dynasty 1115 1234 Taiyuan [2][292]
Johor
Johor Sultanate 1528 1855 Johor [2][234]
Kamchadals
Kamchadals
Kamchatka
[2][282]
Kedah
Kedah Sultanate 1136 1941 Kedah [2][234]
Kham
Kham
Kingdom of Derge
1640 1910 Dege Sönam SangpoLodrö TobGyeltshen BumPanchen AnaYagyelphelNamkhaLhündrubLuphelOrgyen Tashi [2][234]
Khmer
Khmer Empire 802 1431 Oudong
Ream Reachea • Narayanaraja IIIOutey Reachea III
[2][305]
Khodynt
Khodynt Omolon [2][282]
Korea
Korea 1392 1897 Hanseong SeonggyeBanggwaSejong DoHyangHongwiYuGwangHyeolYungYeokHoHwanYeonHonJongHoYonSunYunGeumSanGong [2][306]
Kutai Kutai Sultanate 1300 1844 Kutai GirishawardhanaKertabumiWikramawardhanaKalagametSuhitaKertawardhanaRaden SotorHayam WurukAji Pangeran Sinum Panji MendapaKertabumiSri GitarjaGirishawardhanaAji Muhammad IdrisRaden WijayaKertabumiSinghawardhana [2][307]
Lan Na
Lan Na 1292 1775 Chiang Mai Kü NaSaenmueangmaSamfangkaenTilokarachaYotchiangraiKaeoKetSaikhamChirapraphaSetthathiratMekutiWisutthathewiNawrahta MinsawPhra ChoiPhra ChaiyathipSisongmueangLuangthipphanetPhra SaenmueangPhraeIngsemangCheputaraiMangraenaraOng KhamOng ChanKhihutPo AphaikhaminiPo MayunguanPhraya ChabanKawilaThammalangka [2][308]
Lan Xang
Lan Xang 1354 1707 Luang Prabang [2][309]
Lanao
Lanao Confederation
1520 Lanao BarahamanMuhammad Tahir ud-DinLaut BuisanMaka-alang SaripadaDundang TidulayKahar ud-Din Kuda [2][234]
Lanfang
Lanfang Republic 1777 1884 Pontianak (variable) FangboWuboSiboChaboTai'er [2][234]
Liang
Liang dynasty Kaifeng [2][292]
Ligor
Kingdom of Ligor 1283 1782
Nakhon Si Thammarat
Sam AgiAbu SyahidMansûr ShâhMa'ayat ShâhMu'azzam ShâhMahmûd ShâhMuhammad ShâhSulaymân Badr ShâhParamesvaraMansûr ShâhSulaymân Badr ShâhRajah Qasim'Abd ar-Rahmân Shâh [2][234]
Luang Prabang
Luang Prabang Province
Luang Prabang
Sotika Koumane • Surinya Vongsa IIAnuruthaManthaturat
[2][234]
Luwu
Kingdom of Luwu
Palopo Tunyachoka-riTuni DjalloFakhrParabungBatara GowaTunitangkalopiKaraeng TunibattaMuhammad Bakr HasanMuhammad 'AliMuhammad ImadSankilangTuni Pasulu'Abd al-QudusMuhammad MalikHamaza Tumammalianga [2][234]
Maeda
Maeda clan 1583 1873
Etchu
ToshiieToshinagaToshitsuneMitsutakaTsunanoriYoshinoriMunetokiShigehiroShigenobuShigemichiHarunagaNarinagaNariyasu [2][295]
Maguindanao
Sultanate of Maguindanao Maguindanao MarajaTabunawayMohammed KabungsuwanMaka-alang SaripadaBangkayaDimasangcay AdelGugu SarikulaLaut BuisanMuhammad Dipatuan KudaratDundang TidulayBarahamanKahar ud-Din KudaBayan ul-AnwarMuhammad Tahir ud-DinMuhammad Khair ud-DinPahar ud-DinKibad SahriyalKawasa Anwar ud-Din [2][234]
Majapahit
Majapahit 1293 1527 Surabaya WikramawardhanaSuhitaKertawijayaRajasawardhanaGirishawardhanaSinghawikramawardhanaGirindrawardhana [2][234][310]
Makassar
Makassar Kingdom 1530 1900 Makassar TunitangkalopiBatara GowaTuni DjalloriTuni ParisiTuni PalongaTuni ButtaTuni DjalloTuni PasuluAllâh ad-DînMuhammad Sa'îdAmir HamzaMuhammad Alî'Abd al-JalîlShihâb ad-Dîn Ismâ'îlSiraj ad-Dîn'Abd al-Khayr al-Mansûr'Abd al-Qudus'Uthmân'Imâd ad-DînZaynal-'AbidînSankilang'Abd al-Hâdî'Abd al-KhaliqLimbangparang [2][234]
Malacca
Malacca Sultanate 1400 1511 Malacca [2][234][311]
Malaya
Malaya Malacca [2][234][312]
Mataram
Mataram Sultanate 1587 1755 variable [2][234]
Miao Miao people Hengyang [2][292]
Min Min Quanzhou [2][292]
Ming
Ming dynasty 1368 1644 Beijing
Qizhen • QiyuJianjunYouchengHouzhaoHoucongZaihouYijunChangluoYouxiaoYoujianYousongYujianYoulangChenggongJingKehshuan
[2][313]
Mong Yang
Mong Yang 1400 1604
Mong Yang
Sao Ngan PhaSao Hsi PhaSao Pu PhaSawlonSawlon IISao Hung Pha [2][234]
Mori
Mōri clan 1202 1868 Aki MotoharuMitsufusaHiromotoToyomotoHiromotoOkimotoKomatsumaruMotonariTerumotoHidenariTsunahiroYoshinariYoshihiroYoshimotoMunehiroShigetakaHaruchikaNarifusaNarihiroNarimotoTakachika [2][295]
Muan Phuang
Muang Phuan 1707 1899
Xiankhouang
[2][234]
Nanbu
Nanbu clan 1189 1868 Mutsu TokimasaMichitsuguNobutokiNobuyoshiMasayasuYasunobuHarumasaHarutsuguNobunaoToshinaoShigenaoShigenobuYukinobuNobuokiToshimotoToshimiToshikatsuToshimasaToshitakaToshimochi [2][295]
Ning Ning Nanchang [2][292]
Oda
Oda clan 1435 1868 Owari HisanagaToshisadaTosadaTomuraTatsusadaTatsukatsuNobusadaNobuhideNobunagaHideyoshiHideyori [2][295]
Otomo
Ōtomo clan 1185 1619 Bungo
Yoshishige • Yoshimune
[2][295]
Ouchi
Ōuchi clan 1200 1557
Suo
HiroyukiHiroyoYoshihiroHiroshigeMorimiMochiyoNorihiroMasahiroYoshiokiYoshitakaYoshinaga [2][295]
Pagarruyung
Pagaruyung Kingdom 1347 1833
Pagaruyung
AdityawarmanAnanggawarmanInayatGadzabadiMenradzaTsalenggathuTsau-LhaAhmadsyahIndermasyahMuningsyah [2][314]
Palembang
Palembang Sultanate 1659 1829 Palembang TsalenggathuTsau-LhaMengtsekyaMenradzaInayatGadzabadiAmritpalMengtsekyaHusayn [2][234]
Pangasinan
Caboloan 1406 1576 Pangasinan LiyuHong [2][234]
Pasai
Pasai Sultanate 1267 1521
Pasai
Malik as-SalehMuhammad Malik az-ZahirMahmud Malik az-Zahir IAhmad Malik az-ZahirZain al Abidin INahrasiyahAbu Zaid Malik az-ZahirMahmud Malik az-Zahir IIZain al-Abidin IIAbd-Allah Malik az-ZahirZain al-Abidin III [2][315]
Pattani
Pattani Kingdom
1516 1902
Pattani
[2][316]
Pegu
Pegu 1287 1552 Pegu RazadaritBinnya DammayazaBinnya Ran IBinnya WaruBinnya KyanLeik MawdawShin SawbuDhammazediBinnya Ran IITakayutpiSmim SawhtutSmim HtawSmim Htaw BuddhaketiBinnya Dala [2][317]
Perak
Perak Sultanate
1528 1635 Perak Muzaffar Shâh IMansûr ShâhAhmad Tajuddin ShâhTajul Ariffin ShâhAlauddin ShâhMukaddam ShâhMansûr Shâh IIMahmûd ShâhSallehuddin ShâhMuzaffar Shâh IIMahmûd Iskandar ShâhAlauddin Mughayat ShâhMuzaffar Shâh IIIIskandar Zulkarnain ShâhMahmûd Shâh IIAlauddin Mansûr ShâhAhmaddin ShâhAbdul Malik Mansûr Shâh [2][234]
Qi Qi State Qingzhou [2][292]
Qin Qin dynasty Xi'an [2][292]
Qing
Qing dynasty 1644 1912 Beijing
Mengtemu • CungsanToloSibeoci FiyangguFumanGiocanggaTaksiNurhachiHuang TaijiFulinHiowan YeiIn JenHung LiYong YanMin Ning
[2][234][318]
Ryukyu
Ryukyu Kingdom 1429 1879
Okinawa
Shisho • HashiChuShitatsuKimpukuTaikyuTokuEnSen'iShinSeiGenEiNeiHoKenShitsuTeiEkiKeiBokuOnSeiKo
[2][295]
Shan
Burmese Shan States 1557 1885
Mong Yang
SawlonSawlon IISao Hung PhaHpaya KiaoSao Mong HkaSao Hkham TaoSao Mong HkakSao OnSao In HkamSao AwkSao Mong SaikSao Hsam HpiMaung NyoSao Mong SinSao Mong HsamKawng TaiSao Maha Hkanan [2][319]
Shiba
Shiba clan 1300 1554 Owari [2][295]
Shimazu
Shimazu clan 1196 1947 Satsuma [2][295]
Shu Shu Chengdu [2][292]
Shun Shun dynasty Hanzhong Zicheng [2][292]
Siak
Sultanate of Siak 1723 1946 Siak Tsau-LhaMenradzaMengtsekyaGadzabadiMenradzaTsalenggathuInayatAbdul Jalil Rahmad SyahAbdul Jalil Rahmad Syah IIAbdul Jalil Jalaluddin SyahAbdul Jalil Alamuddin SyahMuhammad Ali Abdul Jalil Muazzam SyahYahya Abdul Jalil Muzaffar SyahAssaidis Asyarif Ali Abdul Jalil Syaifuddin BaalawiAsyaidis Syarif Ibrahim Abdul Jalil KhaliluddinAssyaidis Syarif Ismail Abdul Jalil Jalaluddin [2][234]
Sukhothai
Sukhothai Kingdom 1238 1438
Sukhothai
Borommaracha III • Ramathibodi II
[2][320]
Sulu
Sultanate of Sulu 1405 1915 Sulu Sharif ul HashimKamal ud DinSharif Sayyid Ala ud DinAmirul Umara IMuizz ul MutawadiinNasir ud Din IMuhammad al HalimBatarah Shah TengahMuwallit Wasit ISalah ud Din BakhtiyarShihab ud DinMustafa ShafiMuhammad Badaruddin IMuhammad Nasr ud Din IIIMuhammad Alimuddin IMuizz ud Din BantilanMuhammad IsrailMuhammad SharafuddinAliyuddin IShakirullah [2][321]
Sunda
Sunda Kingdom 669 1579 Pakuan Mangkubumi SuradipatiSri Baduga MaharajaPrabu Surawisesa JayaperkosaRatu DewataRatu SaktiNilakendraMulya [2][322]
Takeda
Takeda clan 850 1582 Kai
Nobumitsu • NobushigeNobumoriNobumasaNobutsunaNobutoraHarunobuKatsuyori
[2][295]
Tang Tang dynasty Nanyang [2][292]
Taungu
Toungoo dynasty 1510 1752 Toungoo [2][323]
Ternate
Sultanate of Ternate 1257 1914 Ternate Komala PuluMarhumZainal AbidinBayanullahHidayatullahAbu HayatTabarijiKhairun JamilBabullah Datu ShahSaid Barakat ShahMuzaffar ShahHamzahMandar ShahManilhaSiboriSaid FathullahAmir Iskandar Zulkarnain SaifuddinAyan ShahSyah MardanJalaluddinHarun ShahAchralMuhammad YasinMuhammad Ali [2][234]
Tibet
Phagmodrupa dynasty
Rinpungpa
Tsangpa
Dzungar Khanate
Tibet under Qing rule
1354 1912 Lhasa Gendun DrupTrakpa ChungeSangye Gyantesen PalDön-yö DorjeNgawang NamgyeTöndap TsetenKarma TsetenLhawang DorjePhüntso NamgyeKarma Tsen-KyongGursiDayanTenzin DalaiLhabzangTsewang ArabtanPhola Sonam TobgyeGyurme NamgyalKezang GyatsoJampel GyatsoLuntok GyatsoTshultrin Gyatso [2][324]
Tidore
Sultanate of Tidore 1450 1904 Tidore BayanullahKhairun JamilHamzahSaid FathullahHarun ShahAbu HayatSaid Barakat ShahManilhaSaifuddinMuhammad YasinKhairun JamilMuhammad AliTabarijiMarhum [2][234]
Tokugawa
Tokugawa clan 1567 1868 Mikawa
Hirotada • IeyasuHidetadaIemitsuIetsunaTsunayoshiIenobuIetsuguYoshimuneIeshigeIeharuIenariIeyoshiIesadaIemochi
[2][295]
Tonkin
Tonkin Kingdom
Thanh Hoa
KiemTungTrangTacCanCuongGiangDoanhSamCanKaiBong [2][234]
Uesugi
Uesugi clan 1305 1868 Kozuke [2][295]
U-tsang
Ü-Tsang 1642 1904 Lhasa [2][282]
Vientiane
Kingdom of Vientiane 1707 1828
Vientiane
[2][234][325]
Wu
Wu people
Hangzhou [2][292]
Xi
Xi people Xiangyang Xianzhong [2][292]
Yamana
Yamana clan 1336 1467 Tajima
Mochitoyo • MasatoyoSuketoyo
[2][295]
Yan Yan Beijing [2][292]
Yarkand Yarkent Khanate 1514 1705 Kashgar
Appak • YahiyaHanimMuhammad Mumin
[2][326]
Yi Yi people Umung [2][292]
Yuan
Yuan dynasty 1271 1368 Khanbaliq
Rinchinbal • Toghon Temür
[2][327]
Yue
Yue people
Canton [2][292]
Zhou
Zhou 1678 1681 Yunnan SanguiShifan [2][292]

Nomadic

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital Names Notes
Nomadic Aq Qoyunlu
Ag Qoyunlu
1378 1501
Uzun Hasan • HalîlYaqûbBaysungurRüstemAhmed GövdeElvend MehmedMurâd
[2][328]
Astrakhan
Astrakhan Khanate 1466 1556 Astrakhan MahmudQasim IAbdul-KarimJani Beg I • Husayn • Qasim IIDarwish AliAbdul-RahmanAk KöbekYamghurchi [2][328][42]
Bashkiria Bashkiria Bashkortostan [2][328][42]
Chagatai
Chagatai Khanate 1340 1680
Urumqi
Shams-i-JahanMuhammad ISher MuhammadNaqsh-i-JahanUwaisEsen BuqaDost MuhammadYunusMahmudMansurAbdul-Rashid IAbdul-KarimMuhammad IIIAhmadQurayshAbdul-Latif ISultan AhmadSultan MahmudAbdullahIlbarsAbdul-Latif IIIsmailAbdul-Rashid IIMuhammad AminMuhammad Mumin [2][328][268]
Chahar
Chahars Bodi AlaghDarayisung GödengAltanTümen JasaghtuBuyan SechenLingdan KhutaghtuEjei [2][328]
Crimea
Crimean Khanate 1449 1783 Crimea Haji INur Devlet IMengli IHayder IMehmed IGhazi ISaadet IIslam ISahib IDevlet IMehmed IISaadet IIIslam IIGhazi IIFetih IToqtamish ISelamet IJanibek IMehmed IIIInayet IBahadir IMehmed IVIslam IIIAdil ISelim IMurad IHaji IISaadet IIISafa IDevlet IIGhazi IIIQaplan IDevlet IIISaadet IVMengli IIFetih IISelamet IISelim IIArslan IHalim IQirim ISelim IIIMaqsudDevlet IVQaplan IISahib IIShahin IBahadir II [2][328][42]
Golden Horde
Golden Horde 1240 1502 Saratov Küchük MuhammadAhmadShaikh Ahmad [2][328][42]
Haixi Haixi Jurchens Girin Singgen DarhaSirugeminggedoCiruganiJukunggeTaicuYangginuNarimbuluGintaisi [2][328][268]
Jianzhou Jianzhou Huncun
Mengtemu • CungsanToloSibeoci FiyangguFumanGiocanggaTaksiNurhachi
[2][328][268][329]
Kara Del
Kara Del 1389 1513 Hami Ha Li Suo Lu TanBo Lie GeHan ShenYan Ke Bei LaShan BaBai Ya Ji [2][328][268]
Kazakh
Kazakh Khanate 1456 1847 Kypshak
Jangir • BatirTaukeQayipBulatSamekeJolbarisAbilmambetAbulayWaliGhubaydulla
[2][328][268]
Kazan
Khanate of Kazan 1438 1552 Kazan
Jan Ali • OtemeshYadigar Muhammad
[2][328][42][330]
Khalkha
Khalkha Mongols Ih Huree Tushiyetu [2][328][268]
Khoshuud
Khoshut GushriDayanDalaiVangjalLhazang [2][328]
Korchin Korchin
Boduna
UneboladUnebolad IIUnebolad IIIUnebolad IVUnebolad VUnebolad VI [2][328][268]
Manchu
Manchu dynasty
1644 1912 Cicigar
Huang Taiji • Fulin
[2][328][268][331]
Mongolia
Northern Yuan
1368 1635 Ih Huree [2][328][268]
Nogai
Nogai Horde 1440 1634 Nogay EdiguBatirMansurGhaziVakkasKhorezmiAbbasMusaYamghurchiHasanShaykh MuhammadAlchagirSayid AhmadShaykh MamayYusufIsmailDin AhmadUrusUraz MuhammadDin MuhammadIshterekKanay [2][328][268]
Oirat
Oirats Kobdo [2][328][268]
Qara Qoyunlu
Kara Koyunlu
1375 1468
Hasan 'Ali
[2][328]
Qasim
Qasim Khanate 1452 1681 QasimDaniyalNur DevletSatilghanJanayShaikh AwliarShah AliJan AliSain BulatMustafa AliUrus MuhammadAlp ArslanSayid BurhanFatima Soltan [2][328]
Sarig Yogir
Yugur
Bayan Temur [2][328]
Sibir
Khanate of Sibir 1490 1598 Tyumen
Kuchum • Ali
[2][328][268]
Timurids
Timurid Empire 1370 1507 Samarkand
Ali • Bâbur
[2][328][268][332]
Uzbek Uzbeks Kypshak
Shahmurad • Haydar
[2][328][268][160]
Yeren Yeren Miyoo Gasan BuyanBuyanganMantaiBujantai [2][328][268]
Zunghar
Dzungar Khanate 1634 1758 Kobdo Erdeni BaturSenggeGaldan BashigtTsewang RabdanGaldan TserenLama DarjaDawajiAmursana [2][328][268]

Western Africa

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital Names Notes
West
African
Air
Air sultanate 1449 1900 Air Yunus • Muhammad Agg-AbbaMuhammad al-Mu'minMuammad Agg-'A'ishaMuhammad HumadMuhammad GumaMuhammad Guma IIMuhammad al-'AdilMuhammad ad-DaniMuhammad al-BaqiriMuhammad Guma III [2][154][333]
Ashanti
Ashanti Empire 1670 1902 Kumasi
Osei Kwame • Opoku FofieOsei Bonsu
[2][154][334]
Benin
Benin Empire
1180 1897 Benin OrobiruUwaifiokunEwuareEzotiOluaOzoluaEsigieOrhogbuaEhengbudaOhuanAhenzaeAkenzaeAkengboiAkenkpayeAkengbedoOreogheneEwuakpeOzuereAkenzua IEresonyenAkengbudaObanosaOgbeboOsemwede [2][154][335]
Bonoman
Bonoman
1295 1900 Bonoman Nana Yaw AwereNana Boadi AkimNana Akrofi BrempongNana Nananom Owusu BoreKosounouBiri Kofin PanyinAbo KofiKofi SonoAgyemanKyereme Kofi [2][154][336]
Dagbon
Kingdom of Dagbon 1409
Dagbon
BierigudeeraDarigudeeraZolguZongmaNingmitooniDimaniYanzoeDarizegu • Luro • TitugriZagliZokuliGungobiliZanginaAndani SigliBinbieguGaribaNasalan ZiblimZiblimZiblim KulunkuAndani II JangbarigaSuman ZoliYakubu [2][154][337]
Dahomey
Dahomey 1600 1904 Abomey [2][154][338]
Fulo
Empire of Great Fulo 1490 1776
Tekrur
[2][154][339]
Hausa
Hausa Kingdoms 900 1808
Kebbi
[2][154][340]
Jenné
Djenné Jenne [2][154][341]
Jolof
Jolof Empire 1350 1549 Wolof [2][154][342]
Kaabu
Kaabu 1537 1867 Gabu Sama KoliSaarafa NyaalingKuntinka Sira BulaSaamanka Dala [2][154][343]
Kanem Bornu Kanem Bornu Borno [2][154][344]
Kano Sultanate of Kano 1350 1805 Kano [2][154][345]
Katsina
Katsina 1100 1807 Katsina Sanau IMuhammad Korau IIbrahim Sura I'Ali IMuhammad Toya Rero IIMuhammad Wari IIUban Yari IKarya Giwa IJan Hazo IIITsagarana Hasana IMuhammad Kabiya Wari ITsagarana Yahaya IKarya Giwa IIIMuhammad Wari IIIKarya Giwa IVGida Agwaragi Mai Kere IGwozo IBawa IMare Mawa Mahmud IIMagajin Halidu IMalam 'Umaru Dallaji I [2][154][346]
Kong Kong Empire Kong BokarBagiMaghanBadagbaBasimbaBabuBorogoBoromoLasiri GombéléSekuSamanogoKumbiMori MaghariSomafiAsorobaSori Fagarnan [2][154][347]
Macina
Macina Empire 1818 1862
Wagadu
MagaAliounAlioun IINiaSoudiHamadou AminaBoubou AissataHamadou Amina IIBoubou AissataSékou Amadou [2][154][348]
Mali
Mali Empire 1235 1600 Joma MahmudMusa IIIUli IIMamadu IIMamadu IIIMamadu IVMama Maghan I [2][154][349]
Mossi
Mossi Kingdoms 1100 1896
Wagadugu
Komdao INa'asira IWubri INyingnemdo INasbiire IKumdumye INyingnemdo IKuba IMoatiba IWarga IZombre IKom ISaaga IDulugu ISawadogo I [2][154][350]
Nupe Nupe Kingdom 1450 1818 Nupe [2][154][351]
Oyo
Oyo Empire 1400 1896
Ife
Oranyan • SangoAjakaAganjuKariOluasoOnigbogiOfinranEguguojuOrompotoAjiboyedeAbipaObalokunAjagboOdorawuKanranJayinAyibiOsiyagoOjigiGberuAmuniwaiyeOnisleLabisiAgboluajeMajeogbeAbiodunAwole AronganganAdeboMaakuAburumakuMajotu
[2][154][352]
Segu Segu Sibirdugu Barama N'GoloKaladyanDanfasriSumaBiton MamariDenkoroBakariTon Mansa DemeleKanyuba NyamaKera DjuguN'GoloMonsonTonkomo [2][154][353]
Sokoto
Sokoto Caliphate 'Uthman dan [2]
Songhai
Songhai Empire 1464 1591 Gao Mar-ArkanaMar ArandanSulaymân'Alî BerBakarîMuhammad IMûsâMuhammad IIIsmâ'îlIshâq IDâ'ûdMuhammad IIIMuhammad IVIshâq IINûhMuhammad IHârûnal-AmînDâ'ûd IIsmâ'îl IDâ'ûd IIIsmâ'îl IIDâ'ûd III • Ishâq • HangaDâ'ûd IVSamsuHarangiTomo [2][154][354]
Timbuktu Timbuktu Timbuktu AkilAl-Hajj IMuhammad I BanakanuAli ZalilAl-Hajj II MuhammadDa'udMuhammad II al-SadiqMuhammad IIIBakari'Abd al-RahmanBakrAl-MukhtarAl-Hajj III • Mahmud [2][154][355]
Yatenga
Yatenga
Yatenga YadegaYolomfaogomaKouritaGedaWobghoKangoSaagaKaongoTuguri [2][154][356]
Yao
Yao sultanate Yao KêdaDjil GoumsoumiDounoumaAl el QatilDjil Essa TuboTshéromaMadgashéMat KurtuDjourab el KabirMortchoDjourab el MongoDogo ArmaBalkashéDjourab Saxair [2][154][357]
Zazzau Zazzau Zazzau AminaBakwa Turunku II • Ibrahim • KaramaBakoBuremaMuhamman AbuBako IIMuhamman Abu IIBako III dan MusaIshaqBurema II AshakukaBako IV dan unkuruMuhamman dan GungumaUban BawaMuhamman GaniDan AshakukaMuhamman Abu IIIBawoYunusaYa'qub'AliyuCikkokuMuhamman Mai GamoIshaq JatauMuhammad MakauMusa ibn Muhammad [2][154][358]

Central Africa

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital Names Notes
Central
African
Buganda
Buganda Buganda KiggalaKiyimbaKayimaNakibingeMulondoJembaSuunaSekamaanyaKimbugweKatereggaMutebiJuukoKayembaTebandekeNdawulaKaguluKikulweMawandaNamuggalaKyabagguJjunjuSemakookiro [2][359][360]
Buha Ha
Ruguru
Ntare II • KanyoniRwasaNtare
[2][359]
Bunyoro
Bunyoro Bunyoro
Olimi III • DuhagaOlimi IVNyamutukura
[2][359]
Burundi
Kingdom of Burundi 1680 1966 Nkoma
Mwambutsa II • Ntare IIIMwezi IIIMutaga IIIMwambutsa III
[2][359]
Busoga
Busoga Busoga [2][359]
Butua Kingdom of Butua 1450 1683 Butua DlembeuDlembeu IIDlembeu IIIDlembeu IVDlembeu VDombo ChinkuraNechisakeNechagadzikeMambo RupanadamanangaGumboremvuraChirisamhuru I [2][359][361]
Chokwe
Chokwe Ishindi ChinguliNaamaYamvuNkondeChinguliMbaooKaambaChingwanjaLweembeKateteMukengeKathangilaYambayambaChingumbeNgonga [2][359]
Kalundwe Kalundwe Kalundwe MutebMushidiKaminNawejKaumbaKasangNambing [2][359]
Karagwe
Karagwe Kingdom
Karagwe JuukoMutebiSekamaanyaKamaanyaMwangaKimbugweMulondoTtembo [2][359]
Kasanje Kasanje Kingdom 1620 1910 Kasanje KinguriKasanje ka ImbeKabukuKasaKasanje KalungaKasa IIKabuku II [2][359]
Kazembe
Kazembe 1740 1854 Luapala MutandaMfwamaMwongoMunonaNg'anga BilondaKanyembo MpembaLukwesa IlungaKanyembo Keleka Mayi [2][359]
Kikondja Kikondja Upemba NyemboNgoyKisukuNilembaKanshimbuDibweManiema [2][359]
Kongo
Kingdom of Kongo 1390 1857 Mpemba [2][359][362]
Kuba Kuba Kingdom Kuba Bope MobinjiBope Mobinji IIMikope MobinjiShyaam a-MbulMisha mi-ShyaangKata MbulaMikope Mbula [2][359][363]
Loango
Kingdom of Loango 1550 1883 Loango TatiBiculluMacussuNombeNkunguNkungu IIAfonsoNtanguMakoseMwene MbatuNobo SindaMwe Pwati INguli Nkama [2][359]
Luba
Kingdom of Luba
1585 1889 Luba Tambwe KabongoFumu MikombeMulopwe MitongaKongolo ManiemaKalala IlungaNdayKitambaIlunga Sungu [2][359][364]
Lunda
Kingdom of Lunda Rund [2][359][365]
Lundu Kingdom of Lundu Lundu SonzoCapampoTondoQuizuraTondo IITondo IIIQuizura II [2][359]
Makua Makua Makua GalloBanoMaurusaChicandaMaurusa IIChicoaveCaromboe [2][359]
Maravi
Maravi 1700 1870 Kalonga
Sosola
[2][359][366]
Mutapa
Kingdom of Mutapa 1430 1760 Zimbabwe [2][359]Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).
Ndongo
Kingdom of Ndongo
Ndongo
Nzinga Mbandi • Ana I de SousaBarbaraNjinga Mona • João • Njinga Mona
• Francisco • Veronica • Afonso • Ana
[2][359]
Nkore
Nkore
Nkore
Ntare II • Ntare IIIKasasiraKitraRumongyeMirindiNtare IVMacwaRwabirereKahaya IRwebishengyeKayungu
[2][359]
Rwanda
Kingdom of Rwanda 1885 Nduga [2][359]
Soyo Soyo 1590 1718 Soyo ManiManuel IMiguel IPaulo IDaniel IPaulo IIDaniel II [2][359]
Tumbuka Tumbuka Tumbuka GonapamuhanyaZiwangeKasyombeMagemoMwakalosiMagemo IIKasyombe IIMwangonde IIGonapamuhanya [2][359][367]
Tyo Tyo
Anziku
KatengMpembaMalobaMukazNdayCakasekeneSanza [2][359]
Yaka Yaka Yaka MukuluPaandzuKambaambaBivulaMwaanaMuteeba KadiMuteeba NzuziMbaala [2][359]

Eastern Africa

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital Names Notes
East
African
Alodia
Alodia 700 1504 Soba IoelAbdallah Jamma [2][154]
Ajuuraan
Ajuran Sultanate 1400 1700 Merca ArliqoSarjelleFadumoUmur [2][154][368]
Antemoro
Antemoro
Antemoro
Andriapanolaha [2][359][369]
Aussa
Sultanate of Aussa 1734 1936 Ausa MansurAdanSabraddinSadiqAhmedUmardinKadhafoMahammadAydahisAsa [2][154]
Betsimisaraka
Betsimisaraka Vatomandry IavyZanaharyZakavoloTsihalaRatsimilahoe [2][359][370]
Damot
Damot 1300 1606 Damot MotaMota IIMota IIIMota IVMota VMota VI [2][154]
Darfur
Sultanate of Darfur 1603 1874 Darfur Sulayman [2][154]
Ennarea
Ennarea 1450 1710 Illubabor Kaba SiyonLa'AsohniBadancoBeneroSysgayoEmana KrestosGumicoTecocciGah NecocciGawo SerocciSisafocci [2][154]
Ethiopia
Ethiopian Empire 1137 1974
Gonder
[2][154][371]
Funj
Funj sultanate of Sennar
1504 1821 Gezira 'Amâra I Dûnqas'Abd al-Qâdir INâ'l'Amâra IIDakîn al-'AdilDûraTaiyîb IUnsa IAbd al-Qâdir IIAdlan IBâdî IRubât IBâdî IIUnsa IIBâdî IIIUnsa IIINûlBâdî IVNâsirIsmâ'îlAdlânTaiyîb IIBâdî VNuwarBâdî VIRanfiAgbanBâdî VII [2][154]
Geledi Sultanate of the Geledi 1700 1910 Afgooye Yusuf • Muhamed • Ahmed • Uthman • Ali [2][154]
Harar Harar
Harer
Nur • Isman • Talha • Nassir • Mohammed • Mansur • Ali • Hashim • Abdullah • Abubakar • Khalaf • Hamid • Yusuf • Ahmed • Mahamed • Abdalshakur • Ahmed • Abdulrahman [2][154]
Hobyo Hobyo Hobyo Yusuf • Ali • Yusuf II • Mohammed • Ahmed • Ali II [2][154]
Imerina Merina Kingdom 1540 1897
Merina
Andriantsimitoviaminandriandrazaka • AndriambelomasinaAndrianjafyAndrianampoinimerinaRadama
[2][359][372]
Kaffa Kingdom of Kaffa 1390 1897 Kaffa Minjo IShongetato IAddiotato IShaditato IMadi Gafine IBongatato IGiba IGali IGali IIGaki IGali IIIShag IKaye IHoti IGaha IGawi IKaye II [2][154]
Kilwa
Kilwa Sultanate 1000 1505
Kilwa
Ismâ'îl • Muhammad III • Ahmad • Hasan VI • Sa'îd I • Sulaymân VII • 'Abd Allâh • 'Alî VI • Hasan VII • Hasan VII • Muhammad IV • Hasan VII • Ibrâhîm I • al-Fudail • Ibrâhîm II • Muhammad V • Hasan VIII • Muhammad VI • Sâ'îd II • Muhammad VII • Yusuf • Mwana Mwema • Yusuf • Fatima • Hassan • Sultan • Ahmad [2][359][373]
Mahafaly Mahafaly Mahafaly TsimanatonaAndrianiveniarivoDianTsilelikiTsileliki IITsileliki III [2][154]
Majeerteen
Majeerteen Sultanate 1700 1924 Hafun Mahmud I • Uthman I • Yusuf I • Mahmud II • Mahmud III • Yusuf II • Yusuf III • Mahmud IV • Uthman II [2][154]
Makuria
Makuria 340 1317 Dongola Banu [2][154]
Malindi Malindi Malindi Muhammad IV • Muhammad V • Abu I • Muhammad VI • Ahmad I • Mahmud I • Ahmad II • Ahmad III • Muhammad VII • Ahmad IV • Mahmud II [2][359]
Marehan Marehan Galkayo Abdallah I [2][154]
Medri Bahri
Medri Bahri
1137 1890 Mendefera Menas IYeshaq IYeshaq II [2][154][374]
Mogadishu Sultanate of Mogadishu 900 1700 Mogadishu Ahmad I • Muhammad I • Ahmad II • Mahmud • Ali • Uthman • Muhammad II [2][154][375]
Mombasa Mombasa Mombasa Yusuf • Misham • Shehe • Muhammad • Alî • Mas'ûd • Abd Allâh I • Ahmad • 'Abd Allâh II [2][359]
Pate Pate Island 1200 1895 Pate Abubakar I • Muhammad IV • Abubakar II • Bwana Mkuu I • Muhammad V • Bwana Bakari IAbubakar Bwana GogoBwana Mkuu IIBwana Bakari II • Ahmad IV • Bwana Tamu Mkuu • Ahmad V • Bwana Tamu MtotoMwana KhadijaBwana Mkuu IVBwana Fumo Madi • Ahmad VI • Fumo Luti Kipanga [2][359]
Sakalava Sakalava Menabe AndrianalimbeAndriamandazoalaRabaratavokokaAndriandahifotsyAndriamandisoarivoAndrianamboniarivoAndriamahatindriarivoAndrianahilitsyAndrianiveniarivoAndrianihoatraAndrianikeniarivoAndrianaginarivoTombolaRavahinyTsimalomo [2][359]
Sofala Sofala 700 1507 Sofala Suleiman IYussuf ISuleiman II [2][359]
Warsangali
Warsangali Sultanate 1218 1886 Las Khorey SiciidAhmedSiciid IIMohamud IICiise IIOmar IIAli DableLibanYuusufMohamud IIIAbdaleAliMohamud IVNaleyeMohamud VAli IIMohamud AliAul [2][154]

Americas

North American

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital Names Notes
North
American
Abenaki
Abenaki Penobscott [2][376]
Apache
Apache Apache [2][376]
Arapaho Arapaho Itscheabine [2][376]
Assiniboine
Assiniboine
Bungi
[2][376]
Blackfoot
Blackfoot
Niitsitapi
[2][376]
Caddo
Caddo Caddo [2][376]
Cherokee
Cherokee Cheraw TistoeAmatoya MoytoyMoytoy IIKalanuOcanostataAttakutlakulla [2][376][377]
Cheyenne
Cheyenne Makoua [2][376]
Choctaw
Choctaw Choctaw [2][376]
Chickasaw
Chickasaw Chickasaw [2][376][378]
Chinook
Chinookan Chinook [2][376]
Comanche
Comanche
Apsáalooke
[2][376]
Cree Cree Kesagami [2][376]
Creek
Creek Tuskegee BrimChigelliTomochichiChekilli [2][376][379]
Fox
Fox Michigan [2][376]
Haida
Haida Haida [2][376]
Huron
Huron Huron AhatsistariDannaconnaAhatsistariAdarioDunquatTarhe [2][376][380]
Iroquois
Iroquois Onondaga Bear PawWhite WolfHiawathaWise BeaverRed FoxEagleTheyanoguinTeiorhenhsereThayendanegaAhyouwighs [2][376][381]
Illiniwek Illiniwek Illinois [2][376]
Kiowa
Kiowa
Haaninin
[2][376]
Lenape
Lenape Lenape [2][376]
Mahican
Mahican
Pocumtuk [2][376]
Miami
Miami Miami [2][376]
Mikmaq
Mikmaq Kespukwitk [2][376]
Navajo
Navajo Navajo [2][376]
Ojibwe
Ojibwe Nipigon [2][376]
Osage
Osage Nation Pahatsi [2][376]
Ottawa
Ottawa Odawa [2][376]
Pawnee
Pawnee Pawnee [2][376]
Pequot
Pequot
Connecticut [2][376]
Pima
Pima
Pima [2][376]
Potawatomi
Potawatomi Potawatomi [2][376]
Powhatan
Powhatan Powhatan [2][376]
Pueblo
Pueblo Pueblo [2][376][382]
Salish
Salish Salish [2][376]
Shawnee
Shawnee Chillicothe [2][376][383]
Shoshone
Shoshone Bannock [2][376]
Sioux
Sioux Mdewakanton [2][376]
Susquehannock
Susquehannock Susquehanna [2][376]
Wichita Wichita Waco [2][376]

Meso-American

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital Names Notes
Meso-
American
Aztec
Aztec Empire 1428 1521
Mexico
Cuauhtemoc
[2][384][385]
Colima Colima Colima MazatlColimotl [2][384]
Cocomes Cocomes Sotuta Itan KambulXioolOchPechNachi [2][384]
Itza Itza Petén Ahkinxok Muluchtzekel [2][384]
Kiche
K'iche'
Guatemala K'iq'ab'Vahxak i-KaamOxib Keh [2][384][386]
Maya
Maya civilization -8000 1511 Petén AhTutulNapot [2][384][387]
Mixtec
Mixtec Mixtec
Atonal II
[2][384]
Tarascan
Tarascan state
1300 1530
Patzcuaro
TangaxuanTzitzipandaquareZuanguaTangaxuan II [2][384][388]
Tlapanec Tlapanec Tlapanec Jituh Zniá [2][384]
Tlaxcala
Tlaxcala 1348 1520 Tlaxcala AztahuaXayacamachXicotencatl [2][384]
Totonac
Totonac
Tohancapan Acamapichtli Panitzin [2][384]
Xiu
Tutul-Xiu 1441 1547 Mani AhTutulNapot [2][384]
Zapotec
Zapotec civilization -700 1521 Zapotec Zaachilla IIZaachilla IIICociyoczaCociyopu [2][384]

Andean

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital Names Notes
Andean Cajamarca
Cajamarca Cajamarca Anca [2][384]
Calchaqui Calchaquí
Jujuy
Viltipoco [2][384]
Chachapoya
Chachapoya Chachapoyas Huachuri [2][384]
Charca Charca Charcas TunupaAnquimarca [2][384]
Chimu
Chimú
1100 1470 Chanchan Minchancaman [2][389]
Colla
Qullasuyu Puno Cari CollaChuqui CapacColla Capac [2][384]
Cusco
Cusco
Cuzco
Tupac Amaru
[2][390]
Huyla
Huyla Huanuco Hastu [2][384]
Ichma
Ichma 1100 1440 Lima Irma [2][384]
Inca
Inca Empire 1438 1533
Cuzco
Tupac Amaru
[2][391]
Muisca
Muisca Confederation 1450 1540 Bogota
zipa • Zipacón
[2][392][393][394]
Pacajes
Pacajes
Tiahuanaco
Illapa
[2][384]
Quito Cara Quito Huaypalcón [2][384]
Wanka
Huanca
Huancavelica
Catequil
[2][384]

Other South American

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital Names Notes
Other
South American
Arawak Arawak Essequibo [2][384][395]
Carib
Kalina Uyapari [2][384][396]
Charrua
Charrúa
Rio de la Plata
ZapicánAbayubá [2][384][397]
Guarani Guaraní Povos das Missoes [2][384][398]
Mapuche
Mapuche Huillimapu LautaroCaupolicánPaillamachuHuenecuraAillavilu [2][384][399]
Potiguara
Potiguara
Tremembé
Ceará [2][384]
Tupinamba Tupinambá Belém [2][384]
Tupiniquim
Tupiniquim
Ilheus
Tibiriçá [2][384]
Tapuia
Aimoré
Espirito Santo
[2][384]

Post-colonial nations

Technology
group
Nation
name
Map Historical
nation
Start End Capital[note 2] Names Notes
Variable[note 3] Australia[note 4]
Exploration of Australia 1606 1901 Eora [2][400][401]
Brazil
Kingdom of Brazil
Empire of Brazil
1815 1889 Bahia [2][400][402]
Canada
British Canada
1534 1866 Ottawa [2][400][403]
Chile
Conservative Republic of Chile 1830 1861 Mateo de ToroJuan Martínez de RozasFernando MárquezJuan Antonio OvalleMartín Calvo EncaladaJosé Miguel CarreraJosé Santiago PortalesPedro José PradoFrancisco Antonio PérezJosé Miguel InfanteAgustín ManuelAntonio José de IrisarriFrancisco de la LastraBernardo O'Higgins [2][384][400]
Colombia
Gran Colombia 1821 1831 José Miguel Pey de AndradeJorge Tadeo LozanoJosé Fernández MadridCustodio García RoviraAntonio VillavicencioSimón Bolívar [2][384][400]
Haiti
Republic of Haiti
1804 Jean-Jacques [2][376][400]
Louisiana
Louisiana Purchase 1803 1804 [2][376][400]
Mexico
First Mexican Empire 1821 1823
Miguel Hidalgo • José María MorelosVicente Guerrero
[2][384][400]
Paraguay
Paraguay 1811 Fulgencio YegrosRodriguez de FranciaFulgencio Yegros [2][384][400]
Peru
Peru 1821 [2][384][400]
La Plata
United Provinces of La Plata
1810 1831 Carlos María de Alvear [2][384][400]
Quebec
Lower Canada 1791 1841 Kespek [2][376][400][404]
United Provinces of Central America
Federal Republic of Central America 1823 1839 [2][384][400]
United States of America
United States 1776 Manhattan George WashingtonJohn AdamsThomas JeffersonJames MadisonJames Monroe [2][376][400][405]
Venezuela
First Republic of Venezuela
Second Republic of Venezuela
Third Republic of Venezuela
1811 1819 Francisco de MirandaSimón Bolívar [2][384][400]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Easter egg state
  2. ^ Depends on first colonised province
  3. ^ Depends on colonising nation
  4. ^ Includes New Zealand

References

  1. ^ Countries
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr ls lt lu lv lw lx ly lz ma mb mc md me mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk pl pm pn po pp pq pr ps pt pu pv pw px py pz qa qb qc qd qe qf qg qh qi qj qk ql qm qn qo qp qq qr qs qt qu qv qw qx qy qz ra rb rc rd re rf rg rh ri rj rk rl rm rn ro rp rq rr rs rt ru rv rw rx ry rz sa sb sc sd se sf sg sh si sj sk sl sm sn so sp sq sr ss st su sv sw sx sy sz ta tb tc td te tf tg th ti tj tk tl tm tn to tp tq tr ts tt tu tv tw tx ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us ut uu uv uw ux uy uz va vb vc vd ve vf vg vh vi vj vk vl vm vn vo vp vq vr vs vt vu vv vw vx vy vz wa wb wc wd we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc xd xe xf xg xh xi xj xk xl xm xn xo List of rulers
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd Europe central regions
  4. ^ Aachen
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh Europe western regions
  6. ^ Alençon
  7. ^ Alsace
  8. ^ Anhalt
  9. ^ Ansbach
  10. ^ Aquileia
  11. ^ Aragon
  12. ^ Aragon
  13. ^ Armagnac
  14. ^ Athens
  15. ^ Augsburg
  16. ^ Austria
  17. ^ Austria
  18. ^ Auvergne
  19. ^ Avignon
  20. ^ Baden
  21. ^ Baden
  22. ^ Bar
  23. ^ Bavaria
  24. ^ Bavaria
  25. ^ Berry
  26. ^ Bohemia
  27. ^ Bohemia
  28. ^ Bourbonnais
  29. ^ Brabant
  30. ^ Brandenburg
  31. ^ Brandenburg
  32. ^ Bremen
  33. ^ Bremen
  34. ^ Brittany
  35. ^ Brittany
  36. ^ Brunswick
  37. ^ Burgundy
  38. ^ Burgundy
  39. ^ Castile
  40. ^ Catalonia
  41. ^ Cologne
  42. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn Europe eastern regions
  43. ^ Cyprus
  44. ^ Danzig
  45. ^ Denmark
  46. ^ Desmond
  47. ^ Dithmarschen
  48. ^ England
  49. ^ Finland
  50. ^ Florence
  51. ^ France
  52. ^ Galicia
  53. ^ Genoa
  54. ^ Germany
  55. ^ Gotland
  56. ^ Great Britain
  57. ^ Hamburg
  58. ^ Hannover
  59. ^ Hesse
  60. ^ Holland
  61. ^ Holstein
  62. ^ Holy Roman Empire
  63. ^ Iceland
  64. ^ Ireland
  65. ^ Italy
  66. ^ Jan Mayen
  67. ^ Kurland
  68. ^ León
  69. ^ Livonian Order
  70. ^ Lucca
  71. ^ Luxembourg
  72. ^ Lübeck
  73. ^ Mainz
  74. ^ Mann
  75. ^ Milan
  76. ^ Montferrat
  77. ^ Münster
  78. ^ Naples
  79. ^ Navarra
  80. ^ Netherlands
  81. ^ Nevers
  82. ^ Northumberland
  83. ^ Norway
  84. ^ Orleans
  85. ^ The Palatinate
  86. ^ The Papal State
  87. ^ Pomerania
  88. ^ Portugal
  89. ^ Provence
  90. ^ Prussia
  91. ^ Riga
  92. ^ Roman Empire
  93. ^ Sardinia-Piedmont
  94. ^ Savoy
  95. ^ Saxony
  96. ^ Scandinavia
  97. ^ Scotland
  98. ^ Siena
  99. ^ Silesia
  100. ^ Sligo
  101. ^ Spain
  102. ^ Sweden
  103. ^ Switzerland
  104. ^ Teutonic Order
  105. ^ The Knights
  106. ^ Thomond
  107. ^ Thuringia
  108. ^ Tuscany
  109. ^ Venice
  110. ^ Verden
  111. ^ Wales
  112. ^ Westphalia
  113. ^ Wurzburg
  114. ^ Albania
  115. ^ a b Armenia
  116. ^ Bulgaria
  117. ^ Byzantium
  118. ^ Circassia
  119. ^ Commonwealth
  120. ^ Croatia
  121. ^ Georgia
  122. ^ Greece
  123. ^ Hungary
  124. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al Middle East regions
  125. ^ Jerusalem
  126. ^ Kiev
  127. ^ Lithuania
  128. ^ Montenegro
  129. ^ Muscovy
  130. ^ Naxos
  131. ^ Nizhny Novgorod
  132. ^ Novgorod
  133. ^ Perm
  134. ^ Poland
  135. ^ Polotsk
  136. ^ Pskov
  137. ^ Ragusa
  138. ^ Russia
  139. ^ Ruthenia
  140. ^ Ryazan
  141. ^ Romania
  142. ^ Sapmi
  143. ^ Serbia
  144. ^ Smolensk
  145. ^ Theodoro
  146. ^ Transylvania
  147. ^ Trebizond
  148. ^ Tver
  149. ^ Wallachia
  150. ^ Yaroslavl
  151. ^ Zaporozhie
  152. ^ Karaman
  153. ^ Ottomans
  154. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf African northern regions
  155. ^ Afghanistan
  156. ^ Algiers
  157. ^ Andalusia
  158. ^ Arabia
  159. ^ Baluchistan
  160. ^ a b Uzbek
  161. ^ Egypt
  162. ^ Granada
  163. ^ Hejaz
  164. ^ Hormuz
  165. ^ Hisn Kayfa
  166. ^ Khiva
  167. ^ Asia greater regions
  168. ^ Mamluks
  169. ^ Morocco
  170. ^ Mughals
  171. ^ Najd
  172. ^ Oman
  173. ^ Persia
  174. ^ Semien
  175. ^ Shammar
  176. ^ Syria
  177. ^ Tripoli
  178. ^ Tunis
  179. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo India super-region
  180. ^ Andhra
  181. ^ Andhra
  182. ^ Assam
  183. ^ Assam
  184. ^ Ahmednagar
  185. ^ Bagelkhand
  186. ^ Baglana
  187. ^ Bahmanis
  188. ^ Bahmanis
  189. ^ Baroda
  190. ^ Bastar
  191. ^ Bengal
  192. ^ Bengal
  193. ^ Berar
  194. ^ Bharat
  195. ^ Bharat
  196. ^ Bijapur
  197. ^ Bundelkhand
  198. ^ Carnatic
  199. ^ Ceylon
  200. ^ Ceylon
  201. ^ Chanda
  202. ^ Deccan
  203. ^ Delhi
  204. ^ Dhundhar
  205. ^ Garhwal
  206. ^ Garjat
  207. ^ Golkonda
  208. ^ Gondwana
  209. ^ Gujarat
  210. ^ Gujarat
  211. ^ Gwalior
  212. ^ Habsan
  213. ^ Hadoti
  214. ^ Hindustan
  215. ^ Hindustan
  216. ^ Jaffna
  217. ^ Jaisalmer
  218. ^ Jangladesh
  219. ^ Jaunpur
  220. ^ Jaunpur
  221. ^ Jharkhand
  222. ^ Kachar
  223. ^ Kangra
  224. ^ Kangra
  225. ^ Kashmir
  226. ^ Kathiawar
  227. ^ Keladi
  228. ^ Khandesh
  229. ^ Koch
  230. ^ Kochin
  231. ^ Ladakh
  232. ^ Madurai
  233. ^ Malabar
  234. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar East Indies super-region
  235. ^ Maldives
  236. ^ Malwa
  237. ^ Malwa
  238. ^ Manipur
  239. ^ Manipur
  240. ^ Marathas
  241. ^ Marwar
  242. ^ Mewar
  243. ^ Mewar
  244. ^ Mewat
  245. ^ Multan
  246. ^ Mysore
  247. ^ Nagaur
  248. ^ Nagpur
  249. ^ Nepal
  250. ^ Nepal
  251. ^ Orissa
  252. ^ Orissa
  253. ^ Oudh
  254. ^ Patiala
  255. ^ Punjab
  256. ^ Punjab
  257. ^ Rewa Kantha
  258. ^ Rohilkhand
  259. ^ Sadiya
  260. ^ Sind
  261. ^ Tirhut
  262. ^ Tirhut
  263. ^ Tripura
  264. ^ Venad
  265. ^ Vijayanagar
  266. ^ Vijayanagar
  267. ^ Aceh
  268. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Asia greater regions
  269. ^ Ainu
  270. ^ Amago
  271. ^ Annam
  272. ^ Arakan
  273. ^ Arakan
  274. ^ Asakura
  275. ^ Ava
  276. ^ Ayutthaya
  277. ^ Ayutthaya
  278. ^ Bali
  279. ^ Bali
  280. ^ Banjar
  281. ^ Banten
  282. ^ a b c d e f g h Tartary super-region
  283. ^ Bhutan
  284. ^ Blambangan
  285. ^ Brunei
  286. ^ Brunei
  287. ^ Buryatia
  288. ^ Buton
  289. ^ Champa
  290. ^ Champa
  291. ^ Champasak
  292. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Asia eastern regions
  293. ^ Changsheng
  294. ^ Chavchuveny
  295. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Japan
  296. ^ Chavchuveny
  297. ^ Cirebon
  298. ^ Dai Viet
  299. ^ Dai Viet
  300. ^ Dali
  301. ^ Hatakeyama
  302. ^ Hojo
  303. ^ Hosokawa
  304. ^ Imagawa
  305. ^ Khmer
  306. ^ Korea
  307. ^ Kutai
  308. ^ Lan Na
  309. ^ Lan Xang
  310. ^ Majapahit
  311. ^ Malacca
  312. ^ Malaya
  313. ^ Ming
  314. ^ Pagarruyung
  315. ^ Pasai
  316. ^ Pattani
  317. ^ Pegu
  318. ^ Qing
  319. ^ Shan
  320. ^ Sukhothai
  321. ^ Sulu
  322. ^ Sunda
  323. ^ Taungu
  324. ^ Tibet
  325. ^ Vientiane
  326. ^ Yarkand
  327. ^ Yuan
  328. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Steppe hordes
  329. ^ Jianzhou
  330. ^ Kazan
  331. ^ Manchu
  332. ^ Timurids
  333. ^ Air
  334. ^ Ashanti
  335. ^ Benin
  336. ^ Bonoman
  337. ^ Dagbon
  338. ^ Dahomey
  339. ^ Fulo
  340. ^ Hausa
  341. ^ Jenne
  342. ^ Jolof
  343. ^ Kaabu
  344. ^ Kanem Bornu
  345. ^ Kano
  346. ^ Katsina
  347. ^ Kong
  348. ^ Macina
  349. ^ Mali
  350. ^ Mossi
  351. ^ Nupe
  352. ^ Oyo
  353. ^ Segu
  354. ^ Songhai
  355. ^ Timbuktu
  356. ^ Yatenga
  357. ^ Yao
  358. ^ Zazzau
  359. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak African southern regions
  360. ^ Buganda
  361. ^ Butua
  362. ^ Kongo
  363. ^ Kuba
  364. ^ Luba
  365. ^ Lunda
  366. ^ Maravi
  367. ^ Tumbuka
  368. ^ Ajuuraan
  369. ^ Antemoro
  370. ^ Betsimisaraka
  371. ^ Ethiopia
  372. ^ Imerina
  373. ^ Kilwa
  374. ^ Medri Bahri
  375. ^ Mogadishu
  376. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar North America super region
  377. ^ Cherokee
  378. ^ Chickasaw
  379. ^ Creek
  380. ^ Huron
  381. ^ Iroquois
  382. ^ Pueblo
  383. ^ Shawnee
  384. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an Central and South American regions
  385. ^ Aztec
  386. ^ Kiche
  387. ^ Maya
  388. ^ Tarascan
  389. ^ Chimu
  390. ^ Cusco
  391. ^ Inca
  392. ^ Muisca
  393. ^ Muisca events
  394. ^ Muisca names
  395. ^ Arawak
  396. ^ Carib
  397. ^ Charrua
  398. ^ Guarani
  399. ^ Mapuche
  400. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Colonial nations decisions
  401. ^ Australia
  402. ^ Brazil
  403. ^ Canada
  404. ^ Quebec
  405. ^ USA

External links